Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(4):159-166 | DOI: 10.17221/4215-PSE
Causes of mountain meadow soil chemical degradation in long-term fertiliser experiment
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural University of Krakow, Poland
The fertilising experiment was set up in 1968 on the mountain meadow (720 m a.s.l.) in Czarny Potok near Krynica (20°8' E, 49°4' N). The experiment was conducted on the acid Cambi soil and comprised objects fertilised with two nitrogen forms and two doses against the background of PK fertilisation, the untreated object, and plots with unilateral P and N fertilisation. The paper concerns 30 years of investigations (1968-1997) of the effect of different NPK fertilisation on the dynamic of yields and the meadow sward quality against a background of the same treatments. The dynamic of the botanical composition was presented as well as the dynamic of the grassland yield potential with systematic mineral fertilisation and liming. The application of nitrogen fertilisation with the rate of 90 N.ha-1 + PK under mountain conditions and systematic liming of the meadow enables to maintain or increase production over the long period, to decrease the production risk and to prevent degradation of the environment and natural resources.
Keywords: long-term experiment; mountain meadow; fertilisation; sward yields; botanical composition
Published: April 30, 2002 Show citation
References
- Arnold P.W., Hunter F., Fernandez G.P. (1976): Long-term grassland experiments at Cocle Park. Ann. Agron., 27: 10271042.
- Czuba R., Murzyñski J. (1993): Wielkoae i jakoae plonów siana oraz zmiany zasobnoci gleby w warunkach stosowania du¿ych dawek NPK w okresie 20 lat. Cz. II. Zmiany zasobnoci gleby po 20 latach i efekty regeneracyjnego stosowania sk<sup>3</sup>adników niedoborowych. Rocz. Nauk Roln. A, 110: 6168.
- Gorlach E., Cury<sup>3</sup>o T. (1990): Reakcja runi <sup>3</sup><sup>1</sup>kowej na wapnowanie w warunkach wieloletniego zró¿nicowanego nawo¿enia mineralnego. Roczn. Glebozn., 41: 161177.
- Kopeae M., Noworolnik A. (1999): Wybrane w<sup>3</sup>aciwoci fizykochemiczne gleby w 30 letnim dowiadczeniu nawozowym na górskim u¿ytku zielonym (Czarny Potok). Zesz. Probl. PNR, 465: 559567.
- Kopeae M. (2000): Dynamics of yielding and quality changes of mountain meadow sward over 30 years of fertiliser experiment. Zesz. Nauk. AR Kraków, 267, Rozpr. 84.
- Krajèoviè V. (1997): Four lines of fifty-year research in grassland agriculture. In: Zbor. Ref. Konf. Ekologické a biologické aspekty krmovinárstva, Nitra: 1029.
- Malhi S.S., Harapiak J.T., Nyborg M., Flore N.A. (1992): Dry matter yield and N recovery from bromegrass in south-central Alberta as affected by time of application of urea and ammonium nitrate. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 23: 953964.
Go to original source...
- Mazur K., Mazur T. (1972): Wp<sup>3</sup>yw nawo¿enia mineralnego na plon, sk<sup>3</sup>ad botaniczny i chemiczny masy rolinnej z <sup>3</sup><sup>1</sup>ki górskiej. Acta Agr. Silv., Ser. Agr., XII/1: 85115.
- Ostrowska A., Gawliñski S., Szczubia<sup>3</sup>ka Z. (1991): Metody analizy i oceny w<sup>3</sup>aciwoci gleb i rolin. Kat. Inst. Ochr. rodow., Warszawa: 324.
- Piekut K. (1997): Stan zrównowa¿enia ekosystemów <sup>3</sup><sup>1</sup>kowych w warunkach zró¿nicowanej gospodarki wodnopokarmowej. Wydaw. SGGW, Rozpr. Nauk. Monogr. Warszawa.
- Poulton P.R., Johnston A.E. (1993): The Rothamsted longterm experiments-their relevance to modern agriculture. Proc. Int. Symp. Long-term static fertilizer experiments, Warszawa-Kraków: 530.
- Smoroñ S., Kopeae S. (1996): Wp<sup>3</sup>yw zmiennego nawo¿enia mineralnego na plonowanie <sup>3</sup><sup>1</sup>k górskich w okresie 25 lat. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk. Roln., 442: 395403.
- Tilman D., Dodd M., Poulton P., Johnston A., Crawley M. (1994): The park grass experiment: Insights from the most long-term ecological study. Proc. Conf. Long-term experiments in agricultural and ecological sciences, Cab Int.: 287303.
- Velich J., Mrkvicka J. (1993): Influence of long-term fertilization on development of permanent meadow phytocenosis composition on yielding capacity. Proc. Int. Symp. Long-term static fertilizer experiments, Warszawa, Kraków: 3946.
- Wasilewski Z. (1999): Wp<sup>3</sup>yw d<sup>3</sup>ugotrwa<sup>3</sup>ego i zró¿nicowanego nawo¿enia azotem na produktywnoae pastwisk gr<sup>1</sup>dowych. Wyd. IMUZ, Rozp. Habil.
- Woniak L. (1999): Niektóre ekologiczne i rolnicze uwarunkowania i skutki nawo¿enia u¿ytków zielonych. Zesz. Nauk AR Kraków, 349, Sesja Nauk., 64: 331338.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.