Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(12):568-572 | DOI: 10.17221/556/2012-PSE

Density and surface tension of aqueous solutions of adjuvants used for tank-mixes with pesticides

J. Janků1, L. Bartovská2, J. Soukup1, M. Jursík1, K. Hamouzová1
1 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
2 Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic

Adjuvants are surface active agents that are added to pesticide formulations or tank-mix to facilitate the mixing, application, or efficacy of these products. Addition of adjuvants changes the physico-chemical properties of spray liquid. In this work, we have focused in particular on surface tension and density of aqueous solutions of different adjuvants registered for mixing with herbicides. Eleven different adjuvants were subject of this study under laboratory conditions. An equation which enables determination of density of aqueous solutions in concentration range of 0-15 g/kg was designed. Average difference between the experimental and calculated density values amounts to ± 0.006%. The concentration dependence of surface tension was utilized to determine the critical micelle concentration (cmc). Evidently, the cmc of most tested adjuvants was lower than the amount recommended by manufacturer, especially in case of adjuvants Dedal 90 EC and Mero 33528. For adjuvant Trend 90 EC the recommended rate is even lower than that obtained for the cmc. Maximum reduction of the surface tension of water was achieved with adjuvants Silwet L-77 and Break Superb.

Keywords: CMC; surfactants; efficacy; micelles; solubilization

Published: December 31, 2012  Show citation

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Janků J, Bartovská L, Soukup J, Jursík M, Hamouzová K. Density and surface tension of aqueous solutions of adjuvants used for tank-mixes with pesticides. Plant Soil Environ. 2012;58(12):568-572. doi: 10.17221/556/2012-PSE.
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