Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(12):568-574 | DOI: 10.17221/586/2013-PSE

Effect of spikelet position on starch proportion, granule distribution and related enzymes activity in wheat grainOriginal Paper

W. Li1, S. Yan1, Z. Wang2
1 Collegeof Plant Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, P.R. China
2 National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China

The starch proportion, starch granule distribution, and activities of enzymes involved in starch synthesis in different spikelet positions were examined during grain development in two high-yielding winter wheat cultivars. The results showed that grain number and weight per spikelet in different spatial position showed a single-peak curve from the base to the top in a wheat spike. Upper spikelets had the highest starch and amylose proportion followed by basal spikelets, whereas middle spikelets had the lowest. Starch and amylose absolute content was in opposition to their proportion. The volume of B- and A-type granule in grain of middle spikelets was remarkably higher and lower than those of basal and upper spikelets, respectively. However, no significant difference occurred in the number of A- and B-type granule in grains among different spikelet position. Compared with the basal and upper spikelets, the middle spikelets showed higher sucrose and ATP content and activities of starch biosynthetic enzymes, and subsequently higher starch absolute content. The results suggested that superior sucrose providing and degradation capacity and the high activities of enzymes involved in starch synthesis resulted in development of B-type starch granule in grain of middle spikelets.

Keywords: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); spatial position; starch characteristic; grain development; starch synthesis

Published: December 31, 2013  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Li W, Yan S, Wang Z. Effect of spikelet position on starch proportion, granule distribution and related enzymes activity in wheat grain. Plant Soil Environ. 2013;59(12):568-574. doi: 10.17221/586/2013-PSE.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Ames N.P., Clarke J.M., Maningat O., Izydorczyk M.S. (1999): Variation of Starch Granule Size in Durum Wheat Cultivars. AACC International, St. Paul. Available at www.scisoc.org/ aacc/meeting/1999/abstracts/1999
    2. Black C.K., Panozzo J.F., Wright C.L., Lim P.C. (2000): Survey of white salted noodle quality characteristics in wheat landraces. Cereal Chemistry, 77: 468-472. Go to original source...
    3. Calderini D.F., Reynolds M.P. (2000): Changes in grain weight as a consequence of de-graining treatments at pre- and post-anthesis in synthetic hexaploid lines of wheat (Triticum durum x T. tauschii). Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 27: 183-191. Go to original source...
    4. Capouchová I., Petr J., Marešová D. (2003): Evaluation of size distribution of starch granules in selected wheat varieties by the Low Angle Laser Light Scattering method. Plant, Soil and Environment, 49: 12-17. Go to original source...
    5. Edwards M.A., Osborne B.G., Henry R.J. (2008): Effect of endosperm starch granule size distribution on milling yield in hard wheat. Journal of Cereal Science, 48: 180-192. Go to original source...
    6. He Z.F. (1985): Analysis Technique for Grain Quality in Cereals and Oils. China Agriculture Press, Beijing.
    7. Hurkman W.J., McCue K.F., Altenbach S.B., Korn A., Tanaka C.K., Kothari K.M., Johnson E.L., Bechtel D.B., Wilson J.D., Anderson O.D., DuPont F.M. (2003): Effect of temperature on expression of genes encoding enzymes for starch biosynthesis in developing wheat endosperm. Plant Science, 164: 873-881. Go to original source...
    8. Jenner C.F. (1991): Effects of exposure of wheat ears to high temperature on dry matter accumulation and carbohydrate metabolism in the grain of two cultivars. Immediate responses. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 18: 165-177. Go to original source...
    9. Jiang D., Cao W.X., Dai T.B., Jing Q. (2003): Activities of key enzymes for starch synthesis in relation to growth of superior and inferior grains on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spike. Plant Growth Regulation, 41: 247-257. Go to original source...
    10. Liang J., Zhang J., Cao X. (2001): Grain sink strength may be related to the poor grain filling of indica-japonica rice (Oryza sativa) hybrids. Physiologia Plantarum, 112: 470-477. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Liang T.B., Yin Y.P., Cai R.G., Yan S.H., Li W.Y., Geng Q.H., Wang P., Wang Z.L. (2008): Differences of starch accumulation and related enzyme activities between superior and inferior grains of wheat cultivars with large spike. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 34: 150-156. Go to original source...
    12. Nakamura Y., Yuki K. (1992): Changes in enzyme activities associated with carbohydrate metabolism during the development of rice endosperm. Plant Science, 82: 15-20. Go to original source...
    13. Park S.H., Chung O.K., Seib P.A. (2005): Effects of varying weight ratios of large and small wheat starch granules on experimental straight-dough bread. Cereal Chemistry, 82: 166-172. Go to original source...
    14. Paul C. (1997): The structure of starch. Nature, 389: 338-339. Go to original source...
    15. Peng M., Gao M., Abdel-Aal E.-S.M., Hucl P., Chibbar R.N. (1999): Separation and characterization of A- and B-type starch granules in wheat endosperm. Cereal Chemistry, 76: 375-379. Go to original source...
    16. Raeker M.Ö., Gaines C.S., Finney P.L., Donelson T. (1998): Granule size distribution and chemical composition of starches from 12 soft wheat cultivars. Cereal Chemistry, 75: 721-728. Go to original source...
    17. Smyth D.A., Prescott H.E. (1989): Sugar content and activity of sucrose metabolism enzymes in milled rice grain. Plant Physiology, 89: 893-896. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Soulaka A.B., Morrison W.R. (1985): The amylose and lipid contents, dimensions, and gelatinization charactertistics of some wheat starches and their A- and B-granule fractions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 36: 709-718. Go to original source...
    19. Stoddard F.L. (1999): Variation in grain mass, grain nitrogen, and starch B-granule content within wheat heads. Cereal Chemistry, 76: 139-144. Go to original source...
    20. Yan S., Li W., Yin Y., Wang Z. (2010): Grain starch accumulation and sink strength within a wheat spike as affected by spike type. Journal of Agricultural Science, 148: 567-578. Go to original source...
    21. Yang J., Zhang J., Wang Z., Zhu Q. (2003): Hormones in the grains in relation to sink strength and postanthesis development of spikelets in rice. Plant Growth Regulation, 41: 185-195. Go to original source...
    22. Zhang Q.Y., Liu N., Jin J., Liu X.B., Yang S.P., Wang G.H. (2000): Relationship between starch, protein accumulation and substrate supply during grain filling in spring wheat. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 20: 55-58.

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content