Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(1):46-53 | DOI: 10.17221/585/2018-PSE

Impact of expressway on physiology of plants and accumulation of risk elements in forest ecosystemsOriginal Paper

Margita Kuklová1, Helena Hniličková2, František Hnilička*,2, Ivica Pivková1, Ján Kukla1
1 Instituteof Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic
2 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

This study analyses the effects of expressways on physiology and risk elements content in plants (Quercus cerris L., Prunus spinosa L., Melica uniflora Retz.) and soils. Study forest stands are located at a distance of 30 m to 8100 m from the expressway 'R1 Nitra - Tekovské Nemce' (southwest Slovakia). The effect of distance from the road on the content of cadmium (Cd) in soils indicated an increase of the element in mineral layers in the 30 m variant; excessive Cd values were recorded in O-horizons and in the background zone. Also copper (Cu) showed a marked enrichment of surface horizons caused by car traffic. The results of redundancy discriminant analysis showed that the most important environmental variables related to physiological parameters of plants were the content of Cd and Cu in plants (P < 0.05) and the content of Cu in soils (P < 0.05). However, M. uniflora species responded most sensitively to a decrease of average chlorophyl content as a consequence of excessive accumulation of Cd in leaf tissues. The obtained results indicate risk of exposure to risk elements in soils and plants of forest stands under conditions of polluted air, but also under specific environmental conditions.

Keywords: road traffic; accumulation of toxic elements; air pollution; soil contamination; photosynthesis

Published: January 31, 2019  Show citation

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Kuklová M, Hniličková H, Hnilička F, Pivková I, Kukla J. Impact of expressway on physiology of plants and accumulation of risk elements in forest ecosystems. Plant Soil Environ. 2019;65(1):46-53. doi: 10.17221/585/2018-PSE.
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