Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(5):273-281 | DOI: 10.17221/803/2018-PSE

Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experimentOriginal Paper

Andrea Schuhmann*,1, Gernot Klammler2, Stefan Weiss1, Oliver Gans1, Johann Fank2, †, Georg Haberhauer3, Martin H. Gerzabek3
1 Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, Austria
2 JR-AquaConSol GmbH, Graz, Austria
3 Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria

The degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Artett (bentazone/terbuthylazine), Gardo Gold (S-metolachlor/terbuthylazine) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) applied to a weighable, monolithic, high precision lysimeter with a loamy, sandy soil. Artett and Gardo Gold were applied at higher doses than recommended according to good agricultural practice. In leachate, S-metolachlor was detected at concentrations of up to 0.15 µg/L, whereas metolachlor-ESA and metolachlor-OA were present at higher concentrations of up to 37 µg/L and 8.4 µg/L, respectively. In a second terbuthylazine application, concentrations of desethyl-terbuthylazine of up to 0.1 µg/L were detected. In soil, bentazone degraded faster than terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor, whereas the metabolization of terbuthylazine after the second application resulted in an enhanced formation of desethyl-terbuthylazine and a highly increased hydroxylation of terbuthylazine. The importance of analysing both parent compounds and metabolites on a long-term scale was demonstrated to better understand the environmental fate and transport.

Keywords: agriculture; herbicide; contamination; metabolism

Published: May 31, 2019  Show citation

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Schuhmann A, Klammler G, Weiss S, Gans O, Fank J, Haberhauer G, Gerzabek MH. Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment. Plant Soil Environ. 2019;65(5):273-281. doi: 10.17221/803/2018-PSE.
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