Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(7):376-382 | DOI: 10.17221/6/2021-PSE

Weed vegetation in conventional and organic farming in West Bohemia (Czech Republic)Original Paper

Luděk Tyšer, Michaela Kolářová*, Ondřej Tulačka, Pavel Hamouz
Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

The paper presents species richness and composition of arable weed vegetation in the region of West Bohemia (Czech Republic) in different types of farming (conventional and organic) and grown crops (winter and spring cereals, wide-row crops). During the field survey in the years 2007 to 2017, 105 phytocoenological relevés were recorded. The average species richness in one relevé was significantly higher in organic farming, as well as total weed cover. The lowest species richness was found in wide-row crops. Recently widespread species belonged to the most frequent species in our study. Based on multivariate statistics, the effects of variables on the occurrence of weed species were found as statistically significant. Most of the variability in data was explained by crop, following by type of farming. Weed species of Fabaceae Lindl. family (especially Vicia L.) and many perennial species positively correlated with the organic type of farming. Endangered species were found mainly in organic farming and cereals. Less intensive cultivation with a higher weed cover is beneficial for the promotion of biodiversity.

Keywords: arable land; agricultural management; crop competition; agrophytocenose; farming systems; Central Europe

Published: July 31, 2021  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Tyšer L, Kolářová M, Tulačka O, Hamouz P. Weed vegetation in conventional and organic farming in West Bohemia (Czech Republic). Plant Soil Environ. 2021;67(7):376-382. doi: 10.17221/6/2021-PSE.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Albrecht H., Mattheis A. (1998): The effects of organic and integrated farming on rare arable weeds on the Forschungsverbund Agrarökosysteme München (FAM) research station in southern Bavaria. Biological Conservation, 86: 347-356. Go to original source...
    2. Azeez G. (2000): The Biodiversity Benefits of Organic Farming. Bristol, Soil Association. ISBN: 0905200756
    3. Baessler C., Klotz S. (2006): Effects of changes in agricultural landuse on landscape structure and arable weed vegetation over the last 50 years. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 115: 43-50. Go to original source...
    4. Barbieri P., Pellerin S., Nesme T. (2017): Comparing crop rotations between organic and conventional farming. Scientific Reports, 7: 13761. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Benaragama D., Leeson J.L., Shirtliffe S.J. (2019): Understanding the long-term weed community dynamics in organic and conventional crop rotations using the principal response curve method. Weed Science, 67: 195-204. Go to original source...
    6. Bengtsson J., Ahnström J., Weibull A.-C. (2005): The effects of organic agriculture on biodiversity and abundance: a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology, 42: 261-269. Go to original source...
    7. Berbeć A.K., Feledyn-Szewczyk B. (2018): Biodiversity of weeds and soil seed bank in organic and conventional farming systems. Research for Rural Development, 2: 12-19. Go to original source...
    8. Braak C.J.F. ter, Šmilauer P. (2002): CANOCO 4.5. Wageningen, Biometris.
    9. Chamorro L., Masalles R.M., Sans F.X. (2016): Arable weed decline in Northeast Spain: Does organic farming recover functional biodiversity? Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 223: 1-9. Go to original source...
    10. Cimalová Š., Lososová Z. (2009): Arable weed vegetation of the northeastern part of the Czech Republic: effects of environmental factors on species composition. Plant Ecology, 203: 45-57. Go to original source...
    11. Clergue B., Amiaud B., Pervanchon F., Lasserre-Joulin F., Plantureux S. (2005): Biodiversity: function and assessment in agricultural areas. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 25: 1-15. Go to original source...
    12. Edesi L., Järvan M., Adamson A., Lauringson E., Kuht J. (2012): Weed species diversity and community composition in conventional and organic farming: a five-year experiment. Žemdirbystė=Agriculture, 99: 339-346.
    13. Elsen T. van (2000): Species diversity as a task for organic agriculture in Europe. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 77: 101-109. Go to original source...
    14. EPPO (2020): EPPO Global Database. Available at: https://gd.eppo.int
    15. Geiger F., Bengtsson J., Berendse F., Weisser W.W., Emmerson M., Morales M.B., Ceryngier P., Liira J., Tscharntke T., Winqvist C., Eggers S., Bommarco R., Pärt T., Bretagnolle V., Plantegenest M., Clement L.W., Dennis C., Palmer C., Oñate J.J., Guerrero I., Hawro V., Aavik T., Thies C., Flohre A., Hänke S., Fischer C., Goedhart P.W., Inchausti P. (2010): Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland. Basic and Applied Ecology, 11: 97-105. Go to original source...
    16. Grulich V. (2012): Red List of vascular plants of the Czech Republic: 3rd edition. Preslia, 84: 631-645.
    17. Hald A.B. (1999): Weed vegetation (wild flora) of long established organic versus conventional cereal fields in Denmark. Annals of Applied Biology, 134: 307-314. Go to original source...
    18. Hilbig W., Bachthaler G. (1992): Wirtschaftsbedingte Veränderungen der Segetalvegetation in Deutschland im Zeitraum von 1950-1990. Journal of Applied Botany, 66: 192-200.
    19. Jursík M., Holec J., Hamouz P., Soukup J. (2018): Biology and Control of Weeds. České Budějovice, Kurent. ISBN 978-80-8711171-0 (In Czech)
    20. Kolářová M., Tyšer L., Soukup J. (2013a): Diversity of current weed vegetation on arable land in selected areas of the Czech Republic. Plant, Soil and Environment, 59: 208-213. Go to original source...
    21. Kolářová M., Tyšer L., Soukup J. (2013b): Impact of site conditions and farming practices on the occurrence of rare and endangered weeds on arable land in the Czech Republic. Weed Research, 53: 489-498. Go to original source...
    22. Kubát K., Hrouda L., Chrtek J.Jr., Kaplan Z., Kirschner J., Štěpánek J. (2002): Key to the Flora of the Czech Republic. Prague, Academia. ISBN 80-200-0836-5 (In Czech)
    23. Lososová Z., Chytrý M., Cimalová S., Kropáč Z., Otýpková Z., Pyšek P., Tichý L. (2004): Weed vegetation of arable land in Central Europe: gradients of diversity and species composition. Journal of Vegetation Science, 15: 415-422. Go to original source...
    24. Lososová Z., Chytrý M., Kühn I. (2008): Plant attributes determining the regional abundance of weeds on central European arable land. Journal of Biogeography, 35: 177-187. Go to original source...
    25. Maarel E. van der, Franklin J. (2013): Vegetation Ecology. 2nd Edition. Chichester, Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4443-3888-1 Go to original source...
    26. Májeková J., Zaliberová M., Škodová I. (2019): Weed vegetation of arable land in Slovakia: diversity and species composition. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 88: 3637. Go to original source...
    27. Meyer S., Wesche K., Krause B., Leuschner C. (2013): Dramatic losses of specialist arable plants in Central Germany since the 1950s/60s - a cross-regional analysis. Diversity and Distributions, 19: 1175-1187. Go to original source...
    28. Němec J. (2001): Bonitation and Evaluation of Agricultural Land in the Czech Republic. Prague, Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information. ISBN 80-85898-90-X (In Czech)
    29. Pyšek P., Jarošík V., Kropáč Z., Chytrý M., Wild J., Tichý L. (2005): Effects of abiotic factors on species richness and cover in Central European weed communities. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 109: 1-8. Go to original source...
    30. Rahmann G. (2011): Biodiversity and Organic farming: What do we know? Landbauforschung Volkenrode, 61: 189-208.
    31. Roschewitz I., Gabriel D., Tscharntke T., Thies C. (2005): The effects of landscape complexity on arable weed species diversity in organic and conventional farming. Journal of Applied Ecology, 42: 873-882. Go to original source...
    32. Rydberg N.T., Milberg P. (2000): A survey of weeds in organic farming in Sweden. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture, 18: 175-185. Go to original source...
    33. Schumacher M., Ohnmacht S., Rosenstein R., Gerhards R. (2018): How management factors influence weed communities of cereals, their diversity and endangered weed species in Central Europe. Agriculture, 8: 172. Go to original source...
    34. Stoate C., Boatman N.D., Borralho R.J., Carvalho C. Rio, de Snoo G.R., Eden P. (2001): Ecological impacts of arable intensification in Europe. Journal of Environmental Management, 63: 337-365. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    35. Zimdahl R.L. (1999): Fundamentals of Weed Science. San Diego, Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-781062-5

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content