Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(2):71-80 | DOI: 10.17221/288/2022-PSE

A preliminary study on suitability of growing ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) in western Himalayan regionOriginal Paper

Swati Walia1,2, Pawan Kumar3, Dinesh Kumar1,3, Rakesh Kumar1,2
2 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
2 Agrotechnology Division, CSIR ‒ Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, India
3 Chemical Technology Division, CSIR ‒ Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, India

Panax ginseng Meyer is one of Asia’s most popular medicinal plants, with triterpene saponins as principal bioactive compounds. The present study investigates the possibility of ginseng cultivation in Lahaul & Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India in the Western Himalayas focusing on growth characteristics, and ginsenoside content in the roots. Plant growth parameters increased with an increase in the crop age and reached maximum maturity at the age of five years along with the production of a good amount of seeds and roots. Root fresh and dry weight of the five-year-old plant was 142.6 g and 45.5 g, respectively, which almost doubled as compared with the four-year-old plant. The HPLC analysis of P. ginseng roots leads to the identification of 14 compounds representing 31.81 ± 2.89 mg/g of total ginsenoside contents, where Rb1, Rg2 and Re were found to be major ginsenosides with 7.53 ± 0.37, 7.04 ± 0.61 and 3.77 ± 0.26 mg/g content. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT) represent the major classes of ginsenosides present in the ginseng roots with a 0.98 ratio of PPD/PPT. Our studies revealed that the soil and climate of the Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh State in the Western Himalayas are suitable for the cultivation of P. ginseng with good content of ginsenosides in five-year-old roots.

Keywords: perennial herb; environmental condition; adaptation behaviour; secondary metabolite; biomass

Received: August 2, 2022; Accepted: January 20, 2023; Prepublished online: February 20, 2023; Published: February 26, 2023  Show citation

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Walia S, Kumar P, Kumar D, Kumar R. A preliminary study on suitability of growing ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) in western Himalayan region. Plant Soil Environ. 2023;69(2):71-80. doi: 10.17221/288/2022-PSE.
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