Plant, Soil and Environment, 2003 (vol. 49), issue 12
Index of Volume 49Index
editors
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):I-VII | DOI: 10.17221/4196-PSE 
Potassium dynamics in the soil and yield formation in a long-term field experiment
H.W. Scherer, H.E. Goldbach, J. Clemens
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):531-535 | DOI: 10.17221/4189-PSE
The influence of an interrupted K fertilisation on different K fractions of the soil, yield formation and K uptake by different crops was investigated in a long-term field experiment on Luvisol derived from loess. Irrespective of the previous K fertilisation, the interruption of K fertilisation resulted in a sharp decline of CAL extractable K. K concentration in the saturation extract as well as HCl extractable K were reduced while K fixation capacity increased within 10 years after omitting K. Omitting K fertilisation decreased yields of sugar beet and potatoes while cereals were not affected, although K uptake of all crops reacted to the differentiated...
Effects of zeolite amendment on microbial biomass and respiratory activity in heavy metal contaminated soils
G. Mühlbachová, T. Šimon
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):536-541 | DOI: 10.17221/4190-PSE
A laboratory incubation experiment with zeolite and glucose was performed to evaluate the effects of zeolite amendment in heavy metal contaminated soils from two smelter areas on some microbial characteristics [Kremikovtzi (K1, K2) in Bulgariaand Příbram (P1, P2) in the CzechRepublic]. The content of microbial biomass showed a tendency to decrease in Kremikovtzi soils whereas in Příbram soils no significant effects were found after zeolite amendment. Respiratory activity and metabolic quotient (qCO2) decreased on the second and third day in Kremikovtzi soils amended with zeolite, no effects were observed in Příbram soils. Heavy metals decreased the...
Cadmium and zinc phytoextraction potential of seven clones of Salix spp. planted on heavy metal contaminated soils
M. Vysloužilová, P. Tlustoš, J. Száková
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):542-547 | DOI: 10.17221/4191-PSE
The Cd and Zn accumulation and phytoextraction potential of seven willow clones was investigated in a pot experiment for two vegetation periods. Heavily polluted Fluvisol-Litavka, moderately contaminated Cambisol-Pribram, and unpolluted control Chernozem-Suchdol were used. Significant differences were found in Cd and Zn accumulation between the willow clones. Cd and Zn were transferred from roots to aboveground tissues and all tested clones confirmed higher Cd and Zn accumulation in leaves than in twigs. Cd and Zn amounts removed by willow leaves were the highest from the most polluted soil (up to 83% Cd and 71% Zn of total removal). Therefore the...
Phytoextraction of lead, zinc and cadmium from soil by selected plants
B. Kos, H. Grčman, D. Leštan
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):548-553 | DOI: 10.17221/4192-PSE
The Pb, Zn and Cd phytoextraction potential of 14 different plants was assessed in a chelate induced phytoextraction experiment. In the used soil heavy metals mainly reside in carbonate, organic matter, and residual soil fractions. The addition of a chelate, 5 mmol/kg ethylenediamine-tetracetic acid (EDTA), increased the proportion of phytoavailable Pb, Zn and Cd in the soil (dissolved in soil solution and exchangeable from soil colloids), and also their uptake by tested plants up to 48 times (Sinapis alba), 4.6 times (Raphanus sativus oleiformis), and 3.3 times (Amaranthus spp.), respectively, compared to the control. The...
Nitrogen balance and mineral nitrogen content in the soil in a long experiment with maize under different systems of N fertilization
J. Balík, J. Černý, P. Tlustoš, M. Zitková
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):554-559 | DOI: 10.17221/4193-PSE
The effect of different systems of N fertilization on nitrogen balance and N transformation in the soil was studied in long-term stationary experiments (1991-2002) with successive growing of maize. Average dry matter yield for the control without fertilization in the period 1991-2002 was 11.67 t of dry matter per ha, which was by 2-2.9 t less than for fertilization treatments. Statistically significant differences between the control and fertilization treatments were determined for the first time in the 4th experimental year. Average nitrogen uptake by the aboveground biomass was116 kgN/ha for the control, 162-170 kg N/ha for fertilization treatments....
The influence of organic and mineral nitrogen fertilizers on microbial biomass nitrogen and extractable organic nitrogen in long-term experiments with maize
J. Černý, J. Balík, D. Pavlíková, M. Zitková, K. Sýkora
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):560-564 | DOI: 10.17221/4194-PSE
Microbial biomass nitrogen and extractable organic nitrogen in extractions by 0.05M K2SO4 and 0.01M CaCl2 were studied in a long-term experiment with successive growing of silage maize. The highest content of microbial biomass nitrogen was measured for manure treatment, by 38-133% higher than for the control. In treatments with applications of mineral nitrogen fertilizers microbial biomass N was lower on average by 22-30% against the control. Extractable organic nitrogen was also lower in treatments with mineral N fertilizers compared to the control: by 23% in ammonium sulphate treatment and by 29% in DAM. The highest...
The influence of humic acid quality on the sorption and mobility of heavy metals
G. Barančíková, J. Makovníková
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(12):565-571 | DOI: 10.17221/4195-PSE
Mobile and potentially mobile forms of heavy metals are probably one of the most important toxic hazards in the environment. Besides pH, which is a factor influencing the mobility/availability of heavy metals to the greatest extent, the content and mainly the quality of soil organic matter play a very important role in the evaluation of heavy metal behaviour in the environment. The fraction of metals bound to organic compounds is exclusively associated with humic substances and particularly with humic acids (HA). A relationship between the parameters reflecting the actual structure of humic acids and mobile or potentially mobile fractions of heavy...