Plant, Soil and Environment, 2004 (vol. 50), issue 1
Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and biocontrol of Rumex - a review
Z. Martinková, A. Honěk
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(1):1-9 | DOI: 10.17221/3635-PSE 
Gastrophysa viridula (DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an oligophagous herbivore which prefers consuming leaves of dock (Rumex spp.) species. Because of its feeding specialization this leaf beetle species is considered a potential biocontrol agent of dock plants. This paper reviews geographic distribution, development, life history, herbivory, and natural enemies of this species. Its potential use as a biocontrol agent will be then evaluated. G. viridula is an important part of the complex of Rumex tural enemies. Its herbivory decreases vigour of Rume plants but cannot cause their mortality alone....
The effect of low growth temperature on Hill reaction and Photosystem 1 activities in three biotypes of Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. with different sensitivity to atrazine and ALS-inhibiting herbicides
D. Holá, M. Kočová, O. Rothová, D. Chodová, J. Mikulka
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(1):10-17 | DOI: 10.17221/3636-PSE
A possible influence of low growth temperature on the photochemical activity of isolated mesophyll chloroplasts was studied in three biotypes of kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] that showed either double resistance to both atrazine and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors (Bubny biotype), resistance to ALS inhibitors but not to atrazine (Jihlava biotype), or sensitivity to both types of herbicides (Karlín biotype). Plants 5 or 12 weeks old since the date of sowing were examined. The Bubny biotype displayed the lowest values of Hill reaction activity (HRA) among all biotypes examined, and a significantly lower activity of Photosystem...
Potassium, magnesium and calcium content in individual parts of Phaseolus vulgaris L. plant as related to potassium and magnesium nutrition
J. Tůma, M. Skalický, L. Tůmová, P. Bláhová, M. Rosůlková
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(1):18-26 | DOI: 10.17221/3637-PSE
In a two-pot experiment of Phaseolus vulgaris L., the influence of K and Mg gradated doses upon K, Mg and Ca content in the pods, stem and leaves was studied. The content of cations changed significantly in individual parts of the plant. The highest content of potassium was found within the dry matter of the pods (it exceeded 4%) and stalk (3-4%). The highest content of calcium (3-4%) and magnesium (0.4-0.8%) was found within the dry matter of the leaves. The effects of K gradated doses were revealed significantly in its higher content increase mainly in the leaves (by as much as 83%) and the decrease of calcium content (31%) and magnesium...
The relationship of antioxidant enzymes and some physiological parameters in maize during chilling
T. Takáč
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(1):27-32 | DOI: 10.17221/3638-PSE
The changes in some physiological parameters of maize seedlings in response to chilling were studied. The emphasis was laid upon their relationship to chilling induced alterations in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase) activity. The exposure of maize seedlings to chilling caused substantial defects in the 4-day-old seedlings and the seedlings with two fully developed leaves, respectively. The membrane semipermeability perturbations and the loss of viability in the young seedlings were observed. Similarly, we found a decrease of chlorophyll content, appearance of necrotic lesions and inhibition...
Toxicity comparison of some possible toxic metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Se, Zn) on young seedlingsof Sinapis alba L.
A. Fargašová
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(1):33-38 | DOI: 10.17221/3639-PSE
The chronic ecotoxicological effects of Cd, Cu, Pb, Se and Zn were determined within this study. Mustard seedlings (Sinapis alba L.) were used as a model subject for the tests. The phytotoxicity was determined through the root growth inhibition and photosynthetic pigments production (chlorophyll a, b, total carotenoids). The metal accumulation in the roots and cotyledons was also determined using the AAS methods. On the basis of IC50 values and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the root elongation of S. alba seedlings, metals can be arranged in the rank order of inhibition as follows: Cu > Se...
Pea yield and its quality depending on inoculation, nitrogen and molybdenum fertilization
S. Brkić, Z. Milaković, A. Kristek, M. Antunović
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(1):39-45 | DOI: 10.17221/3640-PSE
The influence of seed inoculation with a bio-preparation of nodule bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum, fertilization of 0, 40, 80, 120 kg N/ha and molybdenum topdressing on the yield of green mass, dry matter, seed, average number of pods per plant, average number of seeds per pod, average nodule number per plant, nodule dry weight as well as plant and seed protein concentration were studied during the two years of investigations on two soils - Mollic Gleysols and Eutric Cambisols. The highest values of all investigated parameters were obtained in the inoculated seed variants with molybdenum application, except the average nodule number per...