Plant, Soil and Environment, 2004 (vol. 50), issue 5
Activity of some enzymes in barley caryopses during imbibition in aluminium presence
M. Šimonovičová, L. Tamás, J. Huttová, B. Široká, I. Mistrík
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(5):189-195 | DOI: 10.17221/4021-PSE 
Peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, esterase and glucosidase activities were studied during imbibition of barley caryopses in the presence of aluminium. Antioxidative enzymes (peroxidase, superoxid dismutase) showed elevated activity already 2 h after the onset of imbibition in the presence of Al. In contrast hydrolytic enzymes (phosphatases, glucosidase, esterase) were only moderately activated at low Al concentrations (1-2mM), while strong inhibition was observed at higher Al concentrations (4-8mM). In in vitro conditions 8mM Al had no effect on the activity of acid phosphatase, moderately inhibited alkaline...
Microbial characteristics, carbon and nitrogen content in cambisols and luvisols
L. Růžek, K. Voříšek, S. Strnadová, M. Nováková, W. Barabasz
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(5):196-204 | DOI: 10.17221/4022-PSE
Tested soils (1991-2002) were defined by chemical, textural and microbial characteristics. From the tests which describe cambisols, the following parameters have to be stressed. The higher level of Corg (1.20-1.76%), which resulted in quite high microbial biomass carbon content (396-625 µg/g dry soil), high control respiration (0.45-0.80 mg CO2/h/100 g dry soil) and potential nitrification with (NH4)2SO4 (6.7-18.4 mg N-NO3/8 days/100 g dry soil). Studied luvisols reached typical levels: Corg (0.97-1.22%), CMB (398-503 µg/g dry soil), control respiration...
Response of irrigated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to nitrogen fertilization: growth, yield and yield components
H. Özer, T. Polat, E. Öztürk
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(5):205-211 | DOI: 10.17221/4023-PSE
N fertilization has a substantial influence on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed yield and quality. It was also well established that high-yielding sunflower hybrids had more N requirement than old cultivars such as open-pollinated ones. However, in Turkey, no sufficient information regarding the response of new developed oilseed sunflower hybrids to nitrogen fertilization under irrigated conditions. Therefore, a 2-year study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen application rates on the growth, yield, and yield components of two oilseed sunflower hybrids (AS-508 and Super 25) under irrigated conditions. In this study, all...
The comparison of extraction methods for evaluating some heavy metals in polluted soils
C. Aydinalp, A.V. Katkat
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(5):212-217 | DOI: 10.17221/4024-PSE
The extractability of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Pb was evaluated using ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, strontium chloride and DTPA extractants in this research. The eight surface soils were used to assess plant available metals with different extraction methods. The amounts of metal extracted were related to pseudototal contents, determined after microwave digestion using HNO3. Quantification of dissolved metals was used by ICP-MS matrix-matched standards. The obtained results indicated a high variability of metal extraction depending on extraction procedure, source of pollution, and nature of the soil. The results showed that the extractability...
Effect of soil contamination with diesel oil on yellow lupine yield and macroelements content
M. Wyszkowski, J. Wyszkowska, A. Ziółkowska
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(5):218-226 | DOI: 10.17221/4025-PSE
The study has been undertaken to assay the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil on yellow lupine yield and macroelement contents as well as to examine the relationships between the accumulation of macroelements versus the yellow lupine yielding and some yield quality characteristics. The influence of soil pollution with refinery products depended on the type of soil, diesel oil concentration in soil and mineral fertilisation. Increasing contents of soil pollution with diesel oil promoted higher concentrations of phosphorus, sodium, magnesium and calcium in aboveground parts and roots of yellow lupine. More severe contamination was also responsible...
Factors affecting nitrogen concentration in spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)
G. Šidlauskas, P. Tarakanovas
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(5):227-234 | DOI: 10.17221/4026-PSE
The effect of the duration of the growth season, meaning daily temperature, precipitation rate, growing degree in days, nitrogen rates and application time, stand population density, soil nitrogen content and the interaction among these factors on nitrogen concentration in spring oilseed rape plants of aboveground dry matter. During the vegetative growth season, mature seeds and straw were studied in field experiment with spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cv. Star over five years. It was found that nitrogen concentration was the highest in the youngest plants. The increase of duration in growth season and precipitation rate had a negative...