Plant, Soil and Environment, 2006 (vol. 52), issue 4
Effect of manganese on cadmium toxicity in maize seedlings
P. Paľove-Balang, A. Kisová, J. Pavlovkin, I. Mistrík
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(4):143-149 | DOI: 10.17221/3358-PSE 
The interaction of manganese with cadmium (Cd) toxicity was studied on maize plants grown in hydroponics. Manganese supplied as MnSO4clearly alleviated the toxic effect of cadmium on the root growth of maize seedlings. The magnitude of alleviation was dose dependant and total abolition of 10µM Cd toxicity on root growth was observed at Mn/Cd ratio of 20:1. The 12 h pre-treatment with 10μM Cd was generally toxic for nitrate uptake and reduction (both determined in Cd-free media). The beneficial effect of 100μM Mn on this toxicity was confirmed for the low-affinity nitrate uptake system, but on the other hand, Mn alone seems to...
Yield and yield components responses of old and new soybean cultivars to source-sink manipulation under light enrichment
X. Liu, Herbert S.J., A.M. Hashemi, G.V. Litchfield, Q. Zhang, A.R. Barzegar
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(4):150-158 | DOI: 10.17221/3359-PSE
Limited information is available regarding the source-sink alterations on soybean yield under whole plant light enriched conditions. The differential responses of yield components for two old and two new cultivars were investigated. The yield sensitivity of the old cultivars to the changes in source strength and light enriched conditions was much greater than that of the two new cultivars. The yield of the new cultivars was more likely sink-limited, and source-limited for the old cultivars. The increased yield by light enrichment was in part due to an increased branch contribution. Pod number per plant was more responsive than seed number per pod....
Role of cytokinins in growth correlations between roots and stems in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings
H. Fišerová, J. Šebánek, J. Hradilík, P. Doležel, H. Vítková
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(4):159-163 | DOI: 10.17221/3360-PSE
Pea seeds were swollen in solutions with different concentrations of cytokinin benzyladenine (BA). As compared with controls, a low concentration of BA (0.05 mg/l) did not affect the growth of stems and roots of twelve-day-old seedlings but concentrations of 0.20-4.00 mg/l showed an inhibiting effect; this inhibition was proportional to the concentration of BA. In controls the ratio between the lengths of stems and roots was equal to 1.14, while in seedlings influenced by BA in concentration of 0.20 mg/l its value was significantly lowered to 0.91. Also in six-day-old pea seedlings cultivated under in vitro conditions, BA concentrations of...
Evaluation of certain rainfed food and oil seed crops for their response to elevated CO2 at vegetative stage
M. Vanaja, P. Vagheera, P. Ratnakumar, N. Jyothi Lakshmi, P. Raghuram Reddy, S.K. Yadav, M. Maheswari, B. Venkateswarlu
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(4):164-170 | DOI: 10.17221/3361-PSE
A study was conducted with two important rainfed food crops viz., sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.) and blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Happer) and two oil seed crops viz., sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under two conditions viz., elevated CO2 (600 ppm) and ambient CO2 (365 ppm) in open top chambers (OTCs). The observations were recorded at the vegetative stage at 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after sowing (DAS). The results showed significant differences between crops, conditions and time intervals, as well as the single and double order...
Association analysis of some morphological traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under field stress conditions
W.M. Bhutta, M. Ibrahim, Tahira
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(4):171-177 | DOI: 10.17221/3362-PSE
An association between yield components and their direct and indirect influence on the grain yield of wheat were investigated. 24 breeding lines were tested in a randomized complete block experiment design with three replications. According to the results the phenotypic correlation among the traits and their path coefficient were estimated. Positive significant correlation coefficients were obtained for association between survival rate treatment I (0.35*) and III (0.34*), leaf venation (0.51*), stomatal frequency (0.39*), osmotic pressure (0.30*), flag leaf area (0.85*), number of tillers per plant (0.70*) with grain yield per plant at both phenotypic...
Soybean (Glycine max) seed growth characteristics in response to light enrichment and shading
X. Liu, Herbert S.J., K. Baath, A.M. Hashemi
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(4):178-185 | DOI: 10.17221/3363-PSE
Seeds are the primary sinks for photosynthates during reproductive growth. Variation in light intercepted during and after seed initiation has been found a major environmental determinant of soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merrill] seed size. We investigated the influence of light enrichment and shading on seed growth rate, effective filling, cotyledon cell number, cell volume and endogenousABA concentrations of cotyledons/testas during seed filling of soybean. Evans, an indeterminate Group 0 soybean, was subjected to light reduction and enrichment treatments from the beginning of pod formation until final harvest for two years inMassachusetts. Higher...
Effect of osmotic stress on compatible solutes content, membrane stability and water relationsin two maize cultivars
P. Valentovič, M. Luxová, L. Kolarovič, O. Gašparíková
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(4):186-191 | DOI: 10.17221/3364-PSE
The effect of osmotic stress on oxidative injury, compatible solutes content and water relations was investigated in two maize cultivars (Zea mays L. cv. Ankora - drought-sensitive and cv. Nova - drought-tolerant). Relative water content in leaves of both cultivars decreased after drought treatment, leaf water loss of sensitive cv. Ankora was higher than that of cv. Nova. The 24 h water stress induced by 0.3M sorbitol (-1.4 MPa) resulted in a damage of cell membranes. Lipid peroxidation rose in all studied organs of cv. Ankora and electrolyte leakage in roots of cv. Ankora was much higher than in cv. Nova. Similarly, proline content increased...