Plant, Soil and Environment, 2010 (vol. 56), issue 1
Plant and row spacing effects on soil water and yield of rainfed summer soybean in the northern China
X.B. Zhou, G.M. Yang, S.J. Sun, Y.H. Chen
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(1):1-7 | DOI: 10.17221/73/2009-PSE 
Productivity and water resource-use efficiency are crucial issues in sustainable agriculture, especially in high-demand water resource crops such as soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The aims of this research were to compare planting pattern in soybean, evaluating soil moisture content (SMC), yield and water use efficiency (WUE). A 2-year field experiment (2006-2007) was carried out in the north of China. The summer soybean (cv. Ludou 4) experiment consisted of 5 planting patterns under the same plant population density (3.09 × 105 plant/ha), and row spacing (cm) × plant spacing (cm) was 18 × 18 cm (A), 27 × 12 cm (B), 36 × 9 cm (C), 45 ×...
Fate of applied urea 15N in a soil-maize system as affected by urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor
L. Zhang, Z. Wu, Y. Jiang, L. Chen, Y. Song, L. Wang, J. Xie, X. Ma
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(1):8-15 | DOI: 10.17221/129/2009-PSE
A micro-plot field experiment with reduced urea 15N application was conducted to study the effects of urease inhibitor NBPT (N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide) and nitrification inhibitor DMPP(3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolium dihydrogen) on the fate of applied urea 15N; it aimed to find an efficient way to reduce the urea N application rate while improving the agronomic and environmental benefits. Five treatments were installed, i.e., 180 kg N/ha (N1, conventional application rate), 126 kg N/ha (N2, reduced to 70% conventional application rate), N2 + NBPT, N2 + DMPP, and N2...
Effects of wheat straw application on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from purplish paddy fields
Y. Wang, C. Hu, B. Zhu, H. Xiang, X. He
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(1):16-22 | DOI: 10.17221/144/2009-PSE
Little information has been known on greenhouse gas emissions from the unique purplish farmland that produces rice for more than 100 million people in Southwest China. We studied methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions under four wheat straw application rates (0, S0; 5.310, S1; 10.620, S2 and 21.240 kg/ha, S3) to a purplish paddy field (Regosols in FAO taxonomy) with the static chamber technique. The seasonal accumulative CH4 (TCH4) or N2O emissions from S0, S1, S2 and S3 were 255, 417, 571 and 687 kg/ha or 3.22, 2.66, 2.35 and 2.16 kg/ha during period from June 1 to September 14, 2005,...
Agrochemical value of the liquid phase of wastes from fermentem during biogas production
L. Kolář, S. Kužel, J. Peterka, J. Borová-Batt
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(1):23-27 | DOI: 10.17221/180/2009-PSE
We tested the procedure of combined phytomass utilization Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass (IFBB) proposed for ensiled grass matter from the aspect of suitability of its use for a typical substrate of new Czech biogas stations, a mixture of cattle slurry, maize silage and grass haylage. The agrochemical value of the liquid phase from a biofermenter was also evaluated. We concluded that this procedure is suitable for the tested substrate and improves the agrochemical value of a fugate from biogas production. By chlorine transfer to the liquid phase, it enables to use the solid phase as a material for production of solid biofuels...
Mineral and organic fertilization efficiency in long-term stationary experiments
J. Černý, J. Balík, M. Kulhánek, K. Čásová, V. Nedvěd
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(1):28-36 | DOI: 10.17221/200/2009-PSE
In long-term stationary experiments under different soil-climatic conditions, an influence of mineral and organic fertilization on yield of winter wheat, spring barley and potato tubers was evaluated. Statistically significantly lowest grain yields of winter wheat (4.00 t/ha) and spring barley (2.81 t/ha) were obtained in non-fertilized plots at all experimental sites. In the case of potatoes, the lowest yield of dry matter (5.71 t/ha) was recorded in the control plot, but the result was not statistically significant. The manure-fertilized plot gave the average yield of wheat higher by 30%, of barley by 22%. Application of sewage sludge resulted in...
Phenotypic and alpha-acid content diversity of wild hop populations in Croatia
S. Srečec, V. Zechner-Krpan, V. Petravić-Tominac, A. Čerenak, Z. Liber, Z. Šatović
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(1):37-42 | DOI: 10.17221/130/2009-PSE
An ecogeographical survey of wild hop populations was conducted in the northwest of Croatia in two consecutive years. A total of 121 plants was documented on eight locations. Along with the passport data, the data on three phenotypic traits (no. of leaflets, cone shape, aroma) were gathered during collection, while the content of α-acids in hop cones was determined by lead conductance. Shannon's information index was calculated for each phenotypic trait and was used as a measure of intra- and inter-population diversity. For all analyzed traits, most of the total phenotypic diversity was attributable to differences among plants within populations....
Effect of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) treatment with brassinosteroids on the content of cadmium and lead in plant aerial biomass and grain
M. Kroutil, A. Hejtmánková, J. Lachman
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(1):43-50 | DOI: 10.17221/148/2009-PSE
Spring wheat var. Vánek was cultivated in pots in a soil naturally contaminated with heavy metals. Experimental plants were treated with three different types of brassinosteroids (BRs; 24-epibrassinolide, 24-epicastasterone and 4154) during two different growth stages 29-31 DC (off shooting) and 59-60 DC (beginning of anthesis). Content of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn) was determined using AAS method in the plant growth stages 47-49 DC (visible awns), 73-75 DC (30-50% of final grain size) and 90-92 DC (full ripeness). At the stages 47-49 DC and 73-75 DC, the content of the heavy metals was determined in the biomass of whole plants, while at the...