Plant, Soil and Environment, 2010 (vol. 56), issue 9
Relation between chemical indices of soil and earthworm abundance under chemical fertilization
M. Iordache, I. Borza
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(9):401-407 | DOI: 10.17221/234/2009-PSE 
The study intended to establish how the dynamics of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) changes in soil (abundance, biomass), under conditions of mineral fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorous in four different doses, in a 33-year experimental placement in the west of Romania, in wheat-soybean-maize-barley rotation. The soil indices taken into study were: pH, humus, total nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. Statistical connections between the studied factors were realized using the dispersion analysis ANOVA and the SPSS Software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The study showed an increase of earthworm abundance and biomass under...
Impact of long term fertilization on soil water content in Haploborolls
C.Y. Song, X.Y. Zhang, X.B. Liu, Y.Y. Sui, Z.L. Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(9):408-411 | DOI: 10.17221/173/2009-PSE
Soil water content under no fertilizer (NF), fertilizer (F) (N:30; P2O5: 45 kg/ha), and fertilizer plus pig manure (FO) (N:30; P2O5: 45 kg/ha; pig manure 15 000 kg/ha in 2003; and 30 000 kg/ha in 2004 and 2005) treatments was measured using neutron probe instrument for a period three years in a long term field experiment in order to investigate the impact of different fertilization treatments on Haploborolls soil water content. Fertilization had significant effects on the soil water content. FO treatment had greater soil water content in 10 cm depth than F treatment with average 9.9% increase (P <...
Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and growth of Eremanthus incanus Less. in a highland field
M.C. Pagano, M.N. Cabello, M.R. Scotti
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(9):412-418 | DOI: 10.17221/104/2009-PSE
This paper focuses on Eremanthus incanus Less. (Asteraceae), a common species of highland regions in Brazil. The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation on plant growth (height and diameter) was evaluated. Roots were examined from individuals randomly selected from undisturbed areas of highland vegetation and from an experimental restored site. Results showed that E. incanus presented high AM colonization both in restored and undisturbed sites. Moreover, AM colonization was significantly higher in the inoculated treatment than in the non-inoculated one. The species presented Arum-type colonization and frequent production...
Hydrogen peroxide generation and lignification by peroxidases from Acacia eburneainfected with Ravenelia esculenta
A.A. Kuvalekar, K.R. Gandhe
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(9):419-428 | DOI: 10.17221/120/2009-PSE
Ravenelia esculenta Naras. and Thirum. is a rust fungus which infects Acacia eburnea Willd. producing hypertrophy in the infected organs. We analysed the changes in the reaction patterns of peroxidase from the tissues at progressive disease stages. Peroxidases (POX) from the tissues were analysed for oxidation of reduced nicotinamine adenine dinucleotide (NADH), NADH-dependent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation and polymerization of cinnamyl alcohol, a lignin precursor in plants. The effect of cofactors like Mn2+ and dichlorophenol (DCP) was also studied. Effect of externally added H2O2...
Kinetic approach to evaluate the effects of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine on N mineralization in soils
B. Jalili, F. Nourbakhsh, M. Ghiasi
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(9):429-433 | DOI: 10.17221/186/2009-PSE
It has been demonstrated that azo dyes, the xenobiotics widely use in industries, can pose threats to public health. 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB), as a benzidine analogue, is generated from reduction of azo dyes by intestinal or environmental microorganisms. The compound was applied at doses of 0 and 100 mg N/kg into two soils of contrasting textural properties belonging among Haplic Calsisols (Juzdan soil) and Calcaric Cambisols (Shervedan soil) and the effects on N mineralization kinetics were evaluated. Kinetic behavior of N mineralization in either the control or the DAB-treated soils consistently followed first-order models. In the early 7-10 days...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and selected plants
R. Vácha, J. Čechmánková, J. Skála
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(9):434-443 | DOI: 10.17221/7/2010-PSE
The influence of soil load with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on their contents in selected plants was investigated. A set of experiments was realized in three years. The influence of extreme soil load with PAHs (soil contaminated by floods and sludge application) on their content in plants was observed in a pot trial. A laboratory column extract trial investigated PAHs transfer from the soil into soil solution in different conditions. The results showed that the transfer of PAHs into plants is influenced mainly by chemical characteristics of the substances (the number and position of aromatic nuclei); by soil characteristics (content and...
Seasonal emergence of selected summer annual weed species in dependence on soil temperature
M. Jursík, J. Holec, J. Soukup, V. Venclová
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(9):444-450 | DOI: 10.17221/22/2010-PSE
This study aimed to describe emergence cycles of selected weed species under Central European conditions in relation to cumulative soil temperatures from the start of the vegetation season. Emergence of Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli, Galinsoga ciliata, and Abutilon theophrasti was observed from March to October during the period 2001-2006 at two locations. The beginning of main field emergence was determined as the day when the sum of effective hour temperatures was achieved, and was detected from the second decade of April to early May for C. album, in the second decade of May for E. crus-galli, from...