Plant, Soil and Environment, 2011 (vol. 57), issue 5
Relationships between quality and quantity of soil labile fraction of the soil carbon in Cambisols after liming during a 5-year period
L. Kolář, V. Vaněk, S. Kužel, J. Peterka, J. Borová-Batt, J. Pezlarová
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(5):193-200 | DOI: 10.17221/453/2010-PSE 
The labile fraction of soil organic carbon (SOC) in terms of its quantity is a sensitive but dynamic indicator of the reactive agent in soils. If it is to be considered as a feature of soil quality, the value of its quantity should be completed by data on its quality. It can be expressed by the value of the rate constant of microbial oxidation kbio of this fraction or by data on chemical stability during hydrolysis or oxidation. If the quality of SOC labile fraction is not determined, at least the ratio of CMIC: Corg should be given. The adjustment of soil acidity increases the microbial activity of soils,...
Rhizosphere pH difference regulated by plasma membrane H+-ATPase is related to differential Al tolerance of two wheat cultivars
Y. Yang, Q.L. Wang, M.J. Geng, Z.H. Guo, Z. Zhao
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(5):201-206 | DOI: 10.17221/419/2010-PSE
Aluminum (Al)-tolerance of different cultivars shows considerable differences. Elevation of rhizosphere pH is an external Al-resistant mechanism of plants. To elucidate the correlation between Al tolerance and the capacity of plants to modify the rhizosphere pH at different Al-tolerant levels, a comparative study on the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars ET8 (Al-tolerant) and ES8 (Al-sensitive) was performed. Rhizosphere pH of ET8 was much higher than that of ES8 under the same treatment, significant correlations were obtained among all the data of rhizosphere pH and relative root elongation (R2 = 0.9209**), or Al content...
Response of C4 (maize) and C3 (sunflower) crop plants to drought stress and enhanced carbon dioxide concentration
M. Vanaja, S.K. Yadav, G. Archana, N. Jyothi Lakshmi, P.R. Ram Reddy, P. Vagheera, S.K. Abdul Razak, M. Maheswari, B. Venkateswarlu
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(5):207-215 | DOI: 10.17221/346/2010-PSE
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were chosen as C3 and C4 crop plants and assessed for the impact of enhanced CO2 (700 ppm) and its interaction with drought stress in open top chambers (OTCs). The ameliorative effect of higher CO2 concentration (eCO2) under drought stress was quantified. It is interesting to note that the C3 crop responded significantly and positively with eCO2 under both well-watered and drought stress treatments for root: shoot ratio while C4 crop showed a better response only with the drought stress environment....
Management of soil organic carbon in maintaining soil productivity and yield stability of winter wheat
S. Seremesic, D. Milosev, I. Djalovic, T. Zeremski, J. Ninkov
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(5):216-221 | DOI: 10.17221/207/2010-PSE
The objective of this study was to estimate how soil organic carbon influences winter wheat yield in the South Pannonian Basin. The treatments evaluated were: fertilized 3 year and 2 year crop rotation, fertilized wheat monoculture and unfertilized 3 year and 2 year crop rotation in the 38 years of continuous cropping (1970-2007). These treatments showed a declining trend of soil organic carbon in the 0-30 cm soil layer, respectively. On average, the plow-layer of the treatments lost 10% of soil organic carbon found at the beginning of the investigated period. The plowlayer of the unfertilized treatments reached a possible soil organic carbon threshold...
Evaluation of anti-genotoxicity of the leaf extracts of Morinda citrifolia Linn.
S. Sreeranjini, E.A. Siril
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(5):222-227 | DOI: 10.17221/376/2010-PSE
Morinda citrifolia Linn. (family Rubiaceae) is a small tree occurring in tropical areas of the world. The plant contains several medicinally active components that exhibit the therapeutic effects such as antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities. Anti-genotoxic effects of aqueous extracts prepared using dried leaves of M. citrifolia was studied. Allium cepa root tip meristem cells treated with 7% hydrogen peroxide were used for eliciting anti-genotoxicity. For this purpose experiments were performed with A. cepa onion bulbs treated for 24 h with different concentrations (15 or 30 g/L) of aqueous extract...
Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents
G. Xu, 3, J.N. Sun, 5, R.F. Xu, Y.C. Lv, H.B. Shao, K. Yan, L.H. Zhang, M.S.A. Blackwell
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(5):228-234 | DOI: 10.17221/428/2010-PSE
Little is known about the effects of air-drying and freezing on the transformation of phosphorus (P) fractions in soils. It is important that the way in which soils respond to such perturbations is better understood as there are implications for both P availability and loss to surface waters from soils. In this study, the effects of air-drying and freezing were investigated using two soils, one being a forest soil (FS) high in organic matter and the other being a sterile soil (SS) low in organic matter. Soil P was fractionated using a modified Hedley fractionation method to examine the changes of phosphorus fractions induced by air-drying and freezing....
Content of phenolic antioxidants and selenium in grain of einkorn (Triticum monococcum), emmer (Triticum dicoccum) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties
J. Lachman, D. Miholová, V. Pivec, K. Jírů, D. Janovská
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(5):235-243 | DOI: 10.17221/13/2011-PSE
Wheat is worldwide consumed and contributes significantly to the intake of antioxidants with beneficial healthy effects. In the precise two-year field experiments in 2008 and 2009 two varieties of wheat einkorn, two varieties of emmer wheat and three varieties of spring wheat and in 2009 in addition two other spring wheat varieties, three einkorn varieties and three emmer wheat varieties were evaluated for selenium content and antioxidants - total polyphenols (TP). Selenium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation technique (HGAAS) and total polyphenols with Folin-Ciocalteau assay. Higher selenium content in...