Plant, Soil and Environment, 2011 (vol. 57), issue 8
Effect of poultry litter and livestock manure on soil physical and biological indicators in a rice-wheat rotation system
J.T. Li, X.L. Zhong, F. Wang, Q.G. Zhao
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(8):351-356 | DOI: 10.17221/233/2010-PSE 
Organic manure is considered as a beneficial fertilizer on soil quality and an excellent alternative resource of chemical fertilizer (CF). However, organic manure from intensive farms may have a negative impact on soil quality because of containing some harmful components, such as heavy metal and antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of poultry litter (PL) and livestock manure (LM) from intensive farming on soil physical and biological indicators of soil quality. Results showed that PL and LM amendment increased soil macropore and mesopore volumes and decreased soil micropore volumes. Tensile strength in PL and LM treatment...
Management of sunflower stand height using growth regulators
T. Spitzer, P. Matušinský, Z. Klemová, J. Kazda
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(8):357-363 | DOI: 10.17221/75/2011-PSE
Influence of growth regulators chlormequat chloride, ethephon, trinexapac-ethyl, and a combination of chlormequat chloride and ethephon on decreasing sunflower height was examined in the years 2006-2009. Height was reduced by as much as 63 cm by double application of chlormequat chloride (915 g/ha) + ethephon (465 g/ha) at early and later growth stage (BBCH 32 and 50). Trinexapac-ethyl (375 g/ha) did not affect the height. One-time application of chlormequat chloride (1440-2160 g/ha), chlormequat chloride (458 g/ha) + ethephon (233 g/ha) (BBCH 30 or 50), or ethephon (480 g/ha) (BBCH 30) was sufficient for a ca 30 cm reduction during flowering, but...
Induced-phytoextraction of heavy metals from contaminated soil irrigated by industrial wastewater with Marvel of Peru (Mirabilis jalapa L.)
Y.B. Sun, G.H. Sun, Q.X. Zhou, Y.M. Xu, L. Wang, X.F. Liang, Y. Sun, X. Qing
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(8):364-371 | DOI: 10.17221/148/2011-PSE
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA) on Mirabilis jalapa L. growth and phytoextraction of heavy metals from the multi-metal contaminated soil. The results showed that the application of CA (5 and 8 mmol/kg) and EDTA (5 mmol/kg) increased plant growth, while when the concentration of EDTA was up to 8 mmol/kg, the shoot biomass significantly decreased relative to the control plants (P < 0.05); it suffered 48.1%, 53.1%, 58.9%, and 78.2% reduction, respectively, compared to CK, CA-5, CA-8, and EDTA-5. EDTA was more effective than CA at increasing...
Biochar application to metal-contaminated soil: Evaluating of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn sorption behavior using single- and multi-element sorption experiment
L. Trakal, M. Komárek, J. Száková, V. Zemanová, P. Tlustoš
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(8):372-380 | DOI: 10.17221/155/2011-PSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) sorption behavior after biochar application into a metal-contaminated soil. Additionally, two different types of biochar originated from the same organic material (contaminated and uncontaminated) at different application rates (1% and 2% w/w) were evaluated as a novelty of the experiment. Batch sorption/desorption experiments were established to compare the sorption behavior of metals originating from single- and multi-element solutions. Zinc as one of the main contaminants in the studied soil was easily desorbed in the presence of Cu, Pb and to a lesser extent by Cd. This desorption...
Different types of N nutrition and their impact on endogenous cytokinin levels in Festulolium and Trifolium pratense
M. Neuberg, D. Pavlíková, E. Žižková, V. Motyka, M. Pavlík
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(8):381-387 | DOI: 10.17221/152/2011-PSE
This study aims to reveal and to compare effects of two different systems of nitrogen (N) nutrition (sidedress application or injection application) on toxicity of NH4+ and mixed nutrition. We investigated whether NH4+ or mixed (NH4NO3) application causes significant changes in the endogenous levels of cytokinins (CK), whole plant N and their effects on yield of selected plants. Ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate were used as N source in the pot experiment. The yield of Festulolium and Trifolium pratense L. above-ground biomass and roots was more substantially enhanced...
Use of dredged sediments on agricultural soils from viewpoint of potentially toxic substances
R. Vácha, J. Čechmánková, J. Skála, J. Hofman, P. Čermák, M. Sáňka, T. Váchová
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(8):388-395 | DOI: 10.17221/105/2011-PSE
A set of 29 pond sediments samples was collected. The sediments were separated into three groups, field, village, and forest pond sediments. The sediment samples were taken from pond bottoms and sediment heaps. The sediment characteristics (pH, CEC, Al-exchangeable, Cox, humus substances), the content of potentially toxic elements and persistent organic pollutants were analysed in the sediments and compared between sediment groups. The comparison of sediment contamination with Czech legislation for sediment use in agriculture was conducted. The village sediments were more loaded by potentially toxic elements and persistent organic pollutants...
Incomplete alleviation of nickel toxicity in bean by nitric oxide supplementation
N. Mihailovic, G. Drazic
Plant Soil Environ., 2011, 57(8):396-401 | DOI: 10.17221/438/2010-PSE
The aim of the experiment was to test the capacity of NO to reverse harmfull effects of nickel on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings. Bean seedlings were grown on culture medium and treated with NO-donor - sodium nitroprusside (0.3 mmol/L) and Ni (0.2 mmol/L NiCl2). After 4 days, the parameters of antioxidative response were determined in roots and leaves, as well as the concentrations of essential cations and Ni. In the presence of Ni alone, soluble protein, proline and superoxide-dismutase activity were increased, while peroxidase and especially catalase activities were supressed. Also, Ni induced a depletion of K, Ca, Mg,...