Plant, Soil and Environment, 2013 (vol. 59), issue 4
Methane oxidation enhancement of rice roots with stimulus to its shootsOriginal Paper
B. Zhao, J. Zhang, X. Lv, L. Peng, H. Padilla
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(4):143-149 | DOI: 10.17221/530/2012-PSE 
This study aimed to know whether the methane oxidation of rice roots was enhanced when rice shoots was stimulated. Stimulus was applied using a mechanical device which continuously touched the rice shoots with strength of 5, 30 and 60 min/day. In 5 min/day and 30 min/day stimuli treatments, methane oxidation rates of rice roots at 6 h were both significantly improved. Rice height was decreased significantly in 30 min/day stimuli treatment. Root biomass and root activities were significantly improved in 5 min/day and 30 min/day stimuli treatments. Length, surface area and volume of rice roots in 30 min/day stimuli treatment were improved significantly....
Water use of winter cereals under well-watered and drought-stressed conditionsOriginal Paper
B. Varga, E. Varga-László, S. Bencze, K. Balla, O. Veisz
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(4):150-155 | DOI: 10.17221/658/2012-PSE
A reduction in the water available to plants will lend increasing importance to the dynamics of water uptake and to the water use efficiency (WUE) of cereals. The effect of drought on the water use efficiency of winter cereals was investigated in a greenhouse experiment in the Centre for Agricultural Research. The effect of water deficiency on the water use properties was studied by measuring changes in the grain weight, thousand-kernel weight and aboveground biomass. The water use efficiency of wheat varieties generally ranged from 1.5-2.3 kg/m3 and 1.06-2.0 kg/m3 in the case of optimum and limited water supplies, respectively,...
Foliar fertilization with molybdenum in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)Original Paper
P. Škarpa, E. Kunzová, H. Zukalová
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(4):156-161 | DOI: 10.17221/663/2012-PSE
The objective of the vegetation experiment established in 2008-2011 was to explore the effect of the time and dose of foliar molybdenum (Mo) application on the yield and quality of sunflower. Four treatments were established in the experiment: (1) control - not fertilised with Mo; (2) application of 125 g Mo/ha in the growing stage of 4 developed leaves (V-4); (3) application of 125 g Mo/ha at the beginning of elongation growth (R-1), and (4) split rate of Mo application of 62 g Mo/ha at stage V-4 (4 developed leaves) and 62 g Mo/ha at stage R-1 (terminal bud forms). Foliar application of molybdenum increased the biomass production of sunflower plants...
Effects of various organic materials on soil aggregate stability and soil microbiological properties on the Loess Plateau of ChinaOriginal Paper
F. Wang, Y.A. Tong, J.S. Zhang, P.C. Gao, J.N. Coffie
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(4):162-168 | DOI: 10.17221/702/2012-PSE
A field experiment was conducted to examine the influence of various organic materials on soil aggregate stability and soil microbiological properties on the Loess Plateau of China. The study involved seven treatments: no fertilizer (CK); inorganic N, P, K fertilizer (NPK); low amount of maize stalks plus NPK (LSNPK); medium amount of maize stalks plus NPK (MSNPK); high amount of maize stalks plus NPK (HSNPK); maize stalk compost plus NPK (CNPK); cattle manure plus NPK (MNPK). The organic fertilizer treatments improved soil aggregate stability and soil microbiological properties compared with CK and NPK treatments. Compared with the NPK treatment,...
Excessive sulfur supply reduces arsenic accumulation in brown riceOriginal Paper
J. Fan, X. Xia, Z. Hu, N. Ziadi, C. Liu
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(4):169-174 | DOI: 10.17221/882/2012-PSE
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of excessive sulfur (S) supply on iron plaque formation and arsenic (As) accumulation in rice plants. A combined soil-sand pot experiment was conducted by using two As levels (0, 20 mg/kg) combined with three S concentrations (0, 60, 120 mg/kg). The results showed that excessive S supply significantly decreased As concentration in brown rice, but As concentration in root increased with increasing rate of S supply. Moreover, bioconcentration factors for leaves and stems were 8-35 fold of that for brown rice, indicating that As was mainly accumulated in rice leaves and stems instead of brown...
Effect of precipitation on the dissipation, efficacy and selectivity of three chloroacetamide herbicides in sunflowerOriginal Paper
M. Jursík, M. Kočárek, K. Hamouzová, J. Soukup, V. Venclová
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(4):175-182 | DOI: 10.17221/750/2012-PSE
The aim was to compare the efficacy, selectivity to sunflower and dissipation of three chloracetamide herbicides (acetochlor, metolachlor and pethoxamid) in dependence on precipitation after application. A small plot field trial was carried out with sunflower in Central Bohemia in 2010 and 2011. The remaining concentration of active ingredient in the soil of all studied herbicides was lower in the year with a higher temperature and a low level of total natural precipitation at the beginning of the growing season. Higher leaching of metolachlor and pethoxamid was recorded in irrigated plots. No leaching was found in the case of acetochlor. The highest...
Glycoalkaloid contents in potato leaves and tubers as influenced by insecticide applicationOriginal Paper
K. Zarzecka, M. Gugała, I. Mystkowska
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(4):183-188 | DOI: 10.17221/763/2012-PSE
The field experiment was carried out during 2004-2006. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of insecticides (Actara 25 WG - 0.08 kg/ha, Regent 200 SC - 0.1 L/ha, Calypso 480 SC - three rates: 0.05; 0.075;0.1 L/ha), used for controlling Colorado potato beetle, on total glycoalkaloid (TGA) content in potato leaves and tubers of three cultivars (Mors, Wiking, Żagiel). The insecticides significantly increased (Calypso 480 SC) or decreased (Actara 80 WG, Regent 200 SC) the TGA content in potato leaves, and increased TGA in tubers as compared with tubers harvested from the control. Leaves and tubers of cultivar Mors had the highest TGA contents,...