Plant, Soil and Environment, 2013 (vol. 59), issue 9
The influence of slow-release fertilizers on potted chrysanthemum growth and nutrient consumptionOriginal Paper
L. Kaplan, P. Tlustoš, J. Száková, J. Najmanová
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):385-391 | DOI: 10.17221/45/2013-PSE 
In a two-year vegetation experiment, the effects of fertilizer with two slow nutrient releasing mechanisms on the growth of outdoor grown potted chrysanthemums (Multiflora group Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum) as well as on their uptake of the nutrients N, P, K, were studied. In this experiment, coated fertilizer with a controlled nutrient release effect (CRF) - Basacote 6M and fertilizer with a slow soluble nutrients (SRF) - Lovogreen NPK were tested. In the control variant, Kristalon Blue fertilizer was regularly applied in a solution form. From this experiment, the suitability of a onetime application of a slow nutrient - releasing...
Dynamics of the nitrogen uptake by spring barley at injection application of nitrogen fertilizersOriginal Paper
O. Sedlář, J. Balík, J. Černý, L. Peklová, K. Kubešová
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):392-397 | DOI: 10.17221/76/2013-PSE
Influence of CULTAN system (controlled uptake long term ammonium nutrition) on the nitrogen uptake by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was observed at 5-year small-plot field experiments under conditions of the Czech Republic (central Europe). Nitrogen uptake by CULTAN-fertilized plants was more even during vegetation period probably due to delayed term of fertilizer application. Nitrogen concentration in the aboveground biomass at BBCH 51 and in straw had no effect on grain yield. Post-heading nitrogen uptake as well as contribution of nitrogen translocation to total nitrogen in grain did not differ among both nitrogen fertilization treatments....
The response of nitrifier, N-fixer and denitrifier gene copy numbers to the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphateOriginal Paper
X.X. Dong, L.L. Zhang, Z.J. Wu, H.W. Zhang, P. Gong
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):398-403 | DOI: 10.17221/165/2013-PSE
A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to examine the effects of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on the transformation of urea-N and associated microbial communities in a low-fertility brown soil. The soil was supplied with urea at 180 kg N/ha and DMPP at 0, 1.8 or 18 kg/ha, while soil that was not supplied with urea and DMPP was treated as the control. Soil mineral nitrogen (NH4+-N and NO3--N) was measured at regular intervals, and temporal variations in the population sizes of nitrogen-cycling microbes were determined using real-time PCR. Compared to the urea-alone treatment, the additional...
Soil protecting effect of the surface cover in extreme summer periodsOriginal Paper
T. Kalmár, L. Bottlik, I. Kisić, C. Gyuricza, M. Birkás
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):404-409 | DOI: 10.17221/176/2013-PSE
It was to investigate the effects of mulch cover and stubble tillage on soil water content and to assess grounds of recommendations in stubble management in an extreme dry period. Tests were carried out in undisturbed (U) soil, after shallow (S) and deep (D) tillage, soil with (UCO, SCO, DCO) and without surface cover (UCL, SCL, DCL) and after conventional stubble treatment (STR). Effective moisture conservation (8-11%) was observed in undisturbed soil under 55% and 65% cover ratios. The water content in the top 0.65 m soil layer increased significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) between the different stubble variants, the following order...
Photosynthesis and growth responses of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to salinity at elevated CO2Original Paper
P. Ratnakumar, G. Rajendrudu, P.M. Swamy
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):410-416 | DOI: 10.17221/182/2013-PSE
Four peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (cvs. TPT-1, TPT-4, JL-24 and TMV-2) were grown in open-top chambers at 350 and 600 µmol CO2/mol in soil amended with 0 (control), 50, 100 and 200 mmol solutions of NaCl. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E) and dry biomass of leaf, stem and root were measured on 60 days after sowing. The plant growth and photosynthesis increased in both NaCl treated and control plants with elevated CO2. The gs and E decreased under elevated CO2 and the CO2 effect was highly significant under...
The changes of contents of selected free amino acids associated with cadmium stress in Noccaea caerulescens and Arabidopsis halleriOriginal Paper
V. Zemanová, M. Pavlík, D. Pavlíková, P. Tlustoš
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):417-422 | DOI: 10.17221/403/2013-PSE
Changes of free amino acid (AA) contents (glutamic acid, glutamine, aspartic acid, asparagines, proline, hydroxyproline) in Noccaea caerulescens and Arabidopsis halleri under cadmium soil contamination (Cd1 = 30, Cd2 = 60, Cd3 = 90 mg/kg soil) are reported. Results of the pot experiment confirmed different effect of Cd on N. caerulescens in contrast to A. halleri and the higher stress adaptation of A. halleri. Total free AA contents in both plant species were not significantly modified by Cd contamination. The glutamic acid and glutamate contents in plant biomass were...
Airborne laser scanning data as a source of field topographical characteristicsOriginal Paper
J. Kumhálová, F. Kumhála, P. Novák, Š. Matějková
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):423-431 | DOI: 10.17221/188/2013-PSE
One of the factors frequently affecting yields is topography. Topographic data can be obtained from various sources with different precision. This work evaluates suitability of airborne laser scanning data for use as another source of topographical characteristics creation in a smaller scale in regards to precision agriculture needs. Simple models of elevation, slope and flow accumulation were created and the correlation between yield and topography was determined over a seven-year period in relation to precipitations and temperature. The suitability of airborne laser scanning data was proved with certain limitations. Flow accumulation model derived...
Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) biotypes resistant to acetolactate synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors in PolandOriginal Paper
K. Adamczewski, R. Kierzek, K. Matysiak
Plant Soil Environ., 2013, 59(9):432-437 | DOI: 10.17221/177/2013-PSE
The aim of the study was to collect seeds of wild oat from the fields where, in spite of the applied herbicides, the weed is very poorly controlled, and to determine under greenhouse conditions if any resistant biotypes are present. In the years 2008-2011, 34 samples of wild oat were collected from fields where the weed was poorly controlled. The biotypes were analyzed in greenhouse experiments to determine if they are resistant to herbicides. Among five resistant biotypes three of them (R3, R4 and R5) were resistant only to iodosulfuron and mesosulfuron, and biotype R2 - only to propoxycarbazone-sodium. Biotype R1 exhibited multiple resistance to...