Plant, Soil and Environment, 2014 (vol. 60), issue 4
Yield and quality of spring wheat and soil properties as affected by tillage systemOriginal Paper
A. Woźniak, M. Gos
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):141-145 | DOI: 10.17221/7330-PSE 
The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of tillage systems and nitrogen fertilization on the grain yield and quality of spring wheat and on selected chemical and biological properties of soil. The first order factor was the tillage system: (1) conventional (CT) - shallow ploughing and harrowing after harvest of the previous crop, and pre-winter ploughing; (2) reduced (RT) - only a cultivator after harvest of the previous crop, and (3) no-tillage (NT) - only Roundup 360 SL herbicide (a.s. glyphosate) after harvest of the previous crop. The second order factor was nitrogen dose: (1) 90 kg N/ha and (2) 150 kg N/ha. Higher yields were demonstrated...
Effect of liming on the change of some agrochemical soil properties in a long-term fertilization experimentOriginal Paper
I. Jaskulska, D. Jaskulski, M. Kobierski
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):146-150 | DOI: 10.17221/850/2013-PSE
For 10 years (1999-2008) there was investigated the effect of liming on soil pHKCl and on organic carbon, available forms of macroelements and DTPA-extracted forms of some metals in 6 different fertilization objects in a long-term experiment set up in 1948: without fertilization (0), straw + NPK (STR NPK), NPK, farmyard manure (FYM), FYM NPK, FYM NPKMgCa. As a result of the application of 12.0 t/ha of lime (4.3 t Ca/ha), an increase was found not only in soil pH value but also in organic carbon, plant available phosphorus, zinc and copper contents and a decrease in manganese content. Despite significant changes in the soil properties, they...
Influence of long-term fertilizer application on changes of the content of Mehlich-3 estimated soil macronutrientsOriginal Paper
M. Kulhánek, J. Balík, J. Černý, F. Vašák, Š. Shejbalová
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):151-157 | DOI: 10.17221/930/2013-PSE
The aim of this work is to evaluate the changes of Mehlich 3 - P, K, Ca and Mg contents in soil during a long-term field experiments with sewage sludge, farmyard manure (FYM) and mineral NPK (NPK) application, compared to the control non-fertilized treatment. The experiment was established at the Humpolec and Suchdol sites (Czech Republic). Potatoes, wheat and barley were grown in crop rotation. Fertilizing system was based on the same nitrogen dose of 330 kg N/ha per one crop rotation. Archive soil samples from the beginning of the experiment (1996) and from the end of each year's crop rotation (1999, 2002, 2005, 2008 and 2011) were analyzed. In spite...
Syringic acid inhibited cucumber seedling growth and changed rhizosphere microbial communitiesOriginal Paper
X.G. Zhou, F.Z. Wu, W.S. Xiang
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):158-164 | DOI: 10.17221/924/2013-PSE
Phenolic compounds enter soil as a result of root exudation and plant residue decomposition, but their impacts on soil microbial communities are poorly understood. In this experiment, effects of syringic acid on cucumber rhizosphere microbial communities were evaluated. Rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community structures and abundances were analyzed with PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR, respectively. Results showed that syringic acid inhibited cucumber seedling growth at concentrations of 0.05 to 0.2 μmol/g soil, and increased rhizosphere soil dehydrogenase activity, microbial biomass carbon content, bacterial...
Effects of sodicity induced changes in soil physical properties on paddy root growthOriginal Paper
P.K. Srivastava, M. Gupta, A. Pandey, V. Pandey, N. Singh, S.K. Tewari
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):165-169 | DOI: 10.17221/926/2013-PSE
A study was conducted to investigate the influence of sodicity induced changes in soil physical properties on paddy root growth in the normal agriculture, semi-reclaimed and sodic soils. The root growth (length, length density, biomass and distribution pattern) were unfavourably affected by the soil physical properties (bulk density, soil aggregate stability, available water content, hydraulic conductivity and soil water retention potential) in the case of sodic soil. The microbial biomass carbon, bacterial, fungal population and dehydrogenase activity showed the lower values in the case of sodosol compared to the normal soil. These soil biological...
Effect of litter type on soil microbial parameters and dissolved organic carbon in a laboratory microcosm experimentOriginal Paper
W. Li, K.W. Pan, N. Wu, J.C. Wang, Y.J. Wang, L. Zhang
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):170-176 | DOI: 10.17221/39/2014-PSE
A laboratory microcosm experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the four single-species (Pinus tabulaeformis (Pt), Pinus radiata (Pr), Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cj), and Ostryopsis davidiana (Od) litters from southwestern China and mixed pine-broadleaf (Pt + Cj, Pr + Cj, Pt + Od, Pr + Od) litters on soil microbial activities and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Microcosms with the local typical soil and litterbags containing the eight litter types were incubated with 60% water field capacity for 84 days at 20°C. The results showed that the dynamics of soil microbial parameters and DOC were influenced by...
Low temperature and hardening effects on photosynthetic apparatus efficiency and survival of forage grass varietiesOriginal Paper
B. Borawska-Jarmułowicz, G. Mastalerczuk, S. Pietkiewicz, M.H. Kalaji
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):177-183 | DOI: 10.17221/57/2014-PSE
Freezing tolerance is essential for perennial plants and ability to adapt to extreme temperature is crucial for their survival in many environments. Freezing tolerance of hardened and unhardened plants of Dactylis glomerata and Lolium perenne varieties was probed by their quantum photosynthetic efficiency using the chlorophyll fluorescence technique. Quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) electron transport (ΦPSII), maximal (Fm') and steady-state (Fs) chlorophyll fluorescence yields of light-adapted samples were measured. ΦPSII depended on developmental phase, temperature and hardening...
The effect of work of inclined belt conveyors on the quality of hop separation in hop picking lineOriginal Paper
A. Rybka, P. Heřmánek, I. Honzík, B. Jošt, J. Podsedník, L. Vent
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(4):184-190 | DOI: 10.17221/69/2014-PSE
The article summarizes the results of a two-year research focused on separating impurities in hop picking line by means of inclined belt conveyors. Researchers designed a new version of inclined belt conveyors which were installed in one segment of a parallel hop picking line. In the other segment the current inclined belt conveyors remained. Regarding the product quality, better results were obtained with new inclined belt conveyors where the average content of impurities at the output was 7.73%, contrary to the treatment with current conveyors where the content of impurities was 12.03%. The current inclined belt conveyors had 4.8 times higher losses...