Plant, Soil and Environment, 2015 (vol. 61), issue 10
Assessing the impact of management practices on gas emissions and N losses calculated with denitrification-decomposition modelOriginal Paper
A. Syp, A. Faber, D. Pikuła
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(10):433-437 | DOI: 10.17221/15/2015-PSE 
The study presents the impact of management practices on greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and nitrogen (N) losses calculated with a denitrification-decomposition model. Two cropping systems were analysed. The first rotation (A) consisted of potato, winter wheat, spring barley and corn. The second (B) included potato, winter wheat, spring barley and clover with grasses mixture. In A1 and B1 scenarios, fluxes were estimated on the basis of mineral fertilizers input, whereas in A2 and B2 scenarios the assessment of emissions was made with regards to manure. The results indicated that the application of manure in A rotation led to the increase of nitrous...
Tree species composition influenced microbial diversity and nitrogen availability in rhizosphere soilOriginal Paper
D. Liu, Y. Liu, S. Fang, Y. Tian
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(10):438-443 | DOI: 10.17221/94/2015-PSE
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of monoculture and mixed planting of three tree species on microbial diversity and nitrogen (N) availability in rhizosphere and bulk soils. Six treatments with poplar, willow, and alder mono- or mixed seedlings were grown in the rhizoboxes and both rhizosphere and bulk soils were sampled and analysed after eight-month growth. Microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil was significantly higher than in bulk soils based on denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting of 16S- or 18S-rRNA gene fragments of soil microbial community. Tree species composition significantly influenced microbial...
Selenium reduces cadmium accumulation and alleviates cadmium-induced quality degradation in tobaccoOriginal Paper
W.X. Liu, X. Feng, S. Shang, G. Zhang, F.B. Wu
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(10):444-450 | DOI: 10.17221/397/2015-PSE
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted using two contrasting tobacco cultivars Guiyan1 (Cd-sensitive) and Yunyan2 (Cd-tolerant) to evaluate the effect of external selenium (Se) on Cd-induced degradation of tobacco quality. Results showed that 3 mg/kg Cd reduced K, Mg, Mn, and Zn contents, but increased Cd, P, Ca, Fe contents in both cultivars. Addition of Se in Cd solution (Cd + Se) dramatically alleviated Cd-deteriorate effects on tobacco quality, markedly reduced Cd concentration, but increased Se and K contents in tobacco leaves compared with Cd alone treatment. Exogenous Se counteracted Cd-induced alterations in carbohydrate, e.g. it significantly...
Using foliar applications of magnesium and potassium to improve yields and some qualitative parameters of vine grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)Original Paper
T. Zlámalová, J. Elbl, M. Baroň, H. Bělíková, L. Lampíř, J. Hlušek, T. Lošák
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(10):451-457 | DOI: 10.17221/437/2015-PSE
In a three-year field experiment (2011-2013) we assessed the effect of magnesium (MgSO4) and potassium (K2SO4) applied as foliar applications both separately (3.86 kg Mg/ha or 12.44 kg K/ha) and in combination (1.93 kg Mg/ha + 6.22 kg K/ha) on yields of grapes of cv. Zweigelt and some qualitative parameters of the grapes. The applications were repeated 4 times in stages BBCH 15-19; 55; 75 and 83. The experiment was carried out on soil well supplied with Mg and K in the subsoil layer. In terms of average 3-year results the grape yields were by 11.2% (MgSO4), 13.9% (K2SO4) and 6.6% (MgSO4...
Exchangeable silicon content of soil in a long-term fertilization experimentOriginal Paper
W. Szulc, B. Rutkowska, M. Hoch, E. Spychaj-Fabisiak, B. Murawska
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(10):458-461 | DOI: 10.17221/438/2015-PSE
Based on a long-term fertilization experiment on a light soil, a study was conducted on the impact of varied fertilization on the levels of silicon forms available in the soil. It was shown that the exchangeable silicon content in the tested soil was very low, which can have a limiting effect on crop yields. Soil pH is a factor that significantly affects the exchangeable silicon content of the soil. Therefore, under the conditions of acidic soils, liming is a treatment that increases the level of silicon forms available to plants in the soil.
The effect of physiological age of potato plants on chosen chlorophyll fluorescence parametersOriginal Paper
K. Rykaczewska, D. Mańkowski
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(10):462-467 | DOI: 10.17221/474/2015-PSE
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop is the world's number one non-grain food commodity and the fourth main food crop in the world after maize, rice and wheat. It is a typical plant mainly of temperate climate. Chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics is an informative tool for studying the effects of different environmental stresses on photosynthesis. The aim of this work was to study the response of selected potato cultivars to meteorological conditions during the growing season and physiological age of plants using chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. The pot experiment was carried out over the course of 2 years with six early...
Effect of zinc application timing on yield formation by two types of maize cultivarsOriginal Paper
J. Potarzycki, K. Przygocka-Cyna, W. Grzebisz, W. Szczepaniak
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(10):468-474 | DOI: 10.17221/488/2015-PSE
The yield forming response of maize cultivar to zinc (Zn) application depends on its timing. This hypothesis was validated in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. The zinc treatments as the first factor were: NPK; NPK + Zn applied before sowing; NPK + Zn applied to maize at the stage of 4th leaf. The second factor was the maize type: stay-green (modern cultivars) - Paroli, Veritis, Anamur; classical (old cultivars) - Inagua, Kirola. The grain yield of modern cultivars responded the best to zinc applied before sowing, whereas the old ones, when applied to foliage. The yield of the stay-green maize depended upon the number of kernels...