Plant, Soil and Environment, 2019 (vol. 65), issue 2
Yield, nitrogen use efficiency and balance response to thirty-five years of fertilization in paddy rice-upland wheat cropping systemOriginal Paper
Cheng Hu, Xiange Xia, Yunfeng Chen, Yan Qiao, Donghai Liu, Jun Fan, Shuanglai Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):55-62 | DOI: 10.17221/576/2018-PSE 
Optimal soil nitrogen management is vital to crop production and environment protection. Little knowledge is available on crop yield, nitrogen uptake, use efficiency and balance in paddy rice-upland wheat cropping system of China. A thirty-five-year long-term field experiment was designed with nine treatments, including an unfertilized treatment (control), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) fertilizer, manure (M), and manure combined with mineral fertilizer treatments. Crop yield, N uptake, use efficiency, and N surplus or deficit amount were determined. The results indicated that rice, wheat yield and N uptake amount in the manure combined...
The effect of agronomic measures on grain yield of winter wheat in drier conditionsOriginal Paper
Petr Vrtílek, Vladimír Smutný, Tamara Dryšlová, Lubomír Neudert, Jan Křen
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):63-70 | DOI: 10.17221/472/2018-PSE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a year of cultivation and three agronomic measures (pre-crop, soil tillage, application of fungicides) on the yield of winter wheat grown in the crop rotation without the livestock production. The results from the years 2011-2017, except for the year 2012, from the Žabčice Field Experimental Station (49°01'20''N, 16°37'55''E) were evaluated. The soil texture is clay loam soil and the soil type is fluvisol. In the field trial, winter wheat was grown after two pre-crops (winter wheat, pea). Two soil tillage technologies, namely the conventional tillage - CT (ploughing - at a depth of 24 cm) and...
Impact of vegetation zones on soil phosphorus distribution in Northwest ChinaOriginal Paper
Pingping Liu, Huarui Ren, Yiling Zhang, Tiantian Wu, Chunli Zheng, Tiancheng Zhang
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):71-77 | DOI: 10.17221/631/2018-PSE
Soil phosphorus (P) fraction distribution and correlation at different soil depths along vegetation succession in wetland next to a lake in the Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve, China were studied using the Hedley fraction method. The overall trend for soil P content was calcium-bound P (Ca-P) > organic P (O-P) > aluminum/iron-bound P (Al/Fe-P) > labile-P (L-P). Ca-P and O-P were the predominant P forms in all the soil layers, representing on average 53.8‒84.9% and 12.9‒45.2% of the total P, respectively, whereas L-P (ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 mg/kg) was less than 1%. The soil in the Bassia dasyphylla and Carex...
Soil phosphorus sorption properties in different fertilization systemsOriginal Paper
Ewa Szara, Tomasz Sosulski, Magdalena Szymańska
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):78-82 | DOI: 10.17221/696/2018-PSE
The study aimed at the evaluation of the accumulation and vertical distribution of different forms of phosphorus (P) in reference to phosphorus sorption properties subject to mineral (NPK), mineral-organic (NPK + M), and organic (M) fertilisation. It was carried out in a long-term experimental field in Skierniewice (Central Poland) conducted since 1923 under rye monoculture. Total P content in the M and NPK soil profile was similar and lower than in the NPK + M soil. The content of organic P in Ap and Eet horizons of both manured soils was similar and...
Effect of biochar on nitrogen use efficiency, grain yield and amino acid content of wheat cultivated on saline soilOriginal Paper
Haijun Sun, Huanchao Zhang, Weiming Shi, Mengyi Zhou, Xiaofang Ma
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):83-89 | DOI: 10.17221/525/2018-PSE
Biochar can potentially increase crop production in saline soils. However, the appropriate amount of biochar that should be applied to benefit from resource preservation and increase both grain yield (GY) and quality is not clear. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of biochar applied at various rates (i.e., 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 t/ha) on the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), GY and amino acid (AA) contents of wheat plants in saline soils. The results showed that the application of 5-20 t/ha biochar increased wheat NUE by 5.2-37.9% and thus increased wheat GY by 2.9-19.4%. However, excessive biochar...
Effect of salt stress on growth, electrolyte leakage, Na+ and K+ content in selected plant speciesOriginal Paper
Helena Hniličková, František Hnilička, Matyáš Orsák, Václav Hejnák
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):90-96 | DOI: 10.17221/620/2018-PSE
This study monitors the effect of salt stress induced by a NaCl solution (0 - deionized water, 50, 100, 200, 300 mmol/L) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Orion), New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall) Kuntze) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L. cv. Green Purslane) over the course of 50 days. The diverse reactions of these monitored species to salt stress are well apparent from the results. Lettuce proved as the most sensitive to salt stress, showing a significant reduction of dry weight, where even lower concentrations of salt affected membrane stability through increased electrolyte leakage value and...
Early potato cultivation using synthetic and biodegradable coversOriginal Paper
Marek Kołodziejczyk, Andrzej Oleksy, Bogdan Kulig, Andrzej Lepiarczyk
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):97-103 | DOI: 10.17221/754/2018-PSE
The cultivation of plants under the covers made of synthetic polymers brings many benefits, however, it is associated with the need to utilize or recycle these materials after the period of their use. Such problems are not caused by the covers made of natural polymers. The aim of the study carried out in the years 2013-2014 was to determine an effect of covers made of biopolymers and synthetic polymers on thermal conditions and potato yield. Field study was carried out under sandy loam and silty clay loam soils conditions. The temperature of silty clay loam soil under the covers was on average by 2.9°C higher than in the unprotected area, whereas sandy...
Moss-dominated biological soil crusts improve stability of soil organic carbon on the Loess Plateau, ChinaOriginal Paper
Xueqin Yang, Mingxiang Xu, Yunge Zhao, Liqian Gao, Shanshan Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2019, 65(2):104-109 | DOI: 10.17221/473/2018-PSE
The succession of biological soil crust (biocrust) may alter soil organic carbon (SOC) stability by affecting SOC fractions in arid and semi-arid regions. In the study, the SOC fractions were measured including soil easily oxidizable carbon (SEOC), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), soil water soluble carbon (SWSC), and soil mineralizable carbon (SMC) at the Loess Plateau of China by using four biocrusts. The results show that SOC fractions in the biocrust layer were consistently higher than that in the subsoil layers. The average SOC content of moss crust was approximately 1.3-2.0 fold that of three other biocrusts. Moss crusts contain the lowest...