Plant Soil Environ., 2007, 53(6):267-275 | DOI: 10.17221/2220-PSE

Causal pathways when independent variables are co-related: new interpretational possibilities

M. Kozak1, M.S. Kang2, M. Stępień3
1 Department of Biometry, Warsaw Agricultural University, Warsaw, Poland
2 Schoolof Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, L.A., USA
3 Department of Soil Environment Sciences, Warsaw Agricultural University, Warsaw,

We propose a novel interpretation in classical path analysis, whereby the influence of k independent variables on a dependent variable can be analyzed. The approach should be useful to study a causal structure with the assumption that this structure is true for the situation investigated. We propose a new coefficient, Qi, which provides a better interpretation of classical path analysis. We provide an example in which effects of certain soil properties on grain yield of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) were examined.

Keywords: causal systems; determination coefficient; indirect effects; path analysis

Published: June 30, 2007  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Kozak M, Kang MS, Stępień M. Causal pathways when independent variables are co-related: new interpretational possibilities. Plant Soil Environ. 2007;53(6):267-275. doi: 10.17221/2220-PSE.
Download citation

References

  1. Board J.E., Kang M.S., Bodrero M.L. (2003): Yield components as indirect selection criteria for late-planted soybean cultivars. Agron. J., 95: 420-429. Go to original source...
  2. Board J.E., Kang M.S., Harville G. (1997): Path analyses identify indirect selection criteria for yield of lateplanted soybean. Crop Sci., 37: 879-884. Go to original source...
  3. Bollen K.A. (1989): Structural Equations with Latent Variables. John Wiley and Sons, New York. Go to original source...
  4. Das M.K., Fuentes R.G., Taliaferro C.M. (2004): Genetic variability and trait relationships in switchgrass. Crop Sci., 44: 443-448. Go to original source...
  5. Dewey D.R., Lu K.H. (1959): A correlation and pathcoefficient analysis of crested wheatgrass seed production. Agron. J., 51: 515-518. Go to original source...
  6. Dofing S.M., Knight C.W. (1992): Alternative model for path analysis of small-grain yield. Crop Sci., 32: 487-489. Go to original source...
  7. Güler M., Sait A.M., Ulukan H. (2001): Determining relationships among yield and some components using path coefficient analysis in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Eur. J. Agron., 14: 161-166. Go to original source...
  8. Ige D.V., Akinremi O.O., Flaten D.N. (2007): Direct and indirect effects of soil properties on phosphorus retention capacity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 71: 95-100. Go to original source...
  9. Kang K.M., Seneta E. (1980): Path analysis: An exposition. In: Krishnaiah P.R. (ed.): Developments in Statistics. Vol. 3. Academic Press, New York: 217-246. Go to original source...
  10. Kozak M., Kang M.S. (2006): Note on modern path analysis in application to crop science. Commun. Biometry Crop Sci., 1: 32-34.
  11. Li C.C. (1951): Population Genetics. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  12. Mohammadi S.A., Prasanna B.M., Singh N.N. (2003): Sequential path model for determining interrelationships among grain yield and related characters in maize. Crop Sci., 43: 1690-1697. Go to original source...
  13. Quinn G.P., Keough M.J. (2002): Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Go to original source...
  14. Rencher A.C. (1998): Multivariate Statistical Inference and Applications. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
  15. Samonte S.O.P., Wilson L.T., McClung A.M. (1998): Path analyses of yield and yield-related traits of fifteen diverse rice genotypes. Crop Sci., 38: 1130-1136. Go to original source...
  16. Seker H., Serin Y. (2004): Explanation of the relationships between seed yield and some morphological traits in smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermi Leyss.) by path analysis. Eur. J. Agron., 21: 1-6. Go to original source...
  17. Shipley B. (2002): Cause and Correlation in Biology: A User's Guide to Path Analysis, Structural Equations and Causal Inference. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  18. Simane B., Struik P.C., Nachit M.M., Peacock J.M. (1993): Ontogenetic analysis of yield components and yield stability of durum wheat in water-limited environments. Euphytica, 71: 211-219. Go to original source...
  19. Steel D. (2005): Indeterminism and the causal Markov condition. Brit. J. Philos. Sci., 56: 3-26. Go to original source...
  20. Wang G., Kang M.S., Moreno O. (1999): Genetic analyses of grain-filling rate and duration in maize. Field Crops Res., 61: 211-222. Go to original source...
  21. Williams W.A., Jones M.B., Demment M.W. (1990): A concise table for path analysis statistics. Agron. J., 82: 1022-1024. Go to original source...
  22. Wright S. (1921): Correlation and causation. J. Agr. Res., (Wash., D.C.), 20: 557-585.
  23. Wright S. (1934): The method of path coefficients. Ann. Math. Stat., 5: 161-215. Go to original source...
  24. Zhang H., Schroder J.L., Fuhrman J.K., Basta N.T., Storm D.E., Payton M.E. (2005): Path and multiple regression analyses of phosphorus sorption capacity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 69: 96-10. Go to original source...
  25. Zheng Z., Simard R.R., Lafond J., Parent L.E. (2007): Pathways of soil phosphorus transformations after 8 years of cultivation under contrasting cropping practices. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 66: 999-1007. Go to original source...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.