Plant, Soil and Environment, 2002 (vol. 48), issue 2

Transfer of trace elements with low soil mobility into plants

J. Němeček, E. Podlešáková, R. Vácha

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):45-50 | DOI: 10.17221/4358-PSE  

Trace elements with a low mobility and with a low transfer are Cu, As, Be, V, Cr, Hg. Copper has at low mobility an increased transfer quotient (content plant/soil). The lowest mobility and transfer show Cr and Hg. Only at the very high contents or increased mobilities of trace elements, which accompany the anthropogenic contamination, soil critical loading for crops can be attained. Because of the amount of the examined extremes, it was not possible to derive the proper critical values. Therefore we were able to assess only critical protective values. They represent minimum total contents of trace elements or their mobile forms, which eliminate risks.

The influence of diesel oil contamination on soil microorganisms and oat growth

J. Wyszkowska, J. Kucharski, E. Wałdowska

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):51-57 | DOI: 10.17221/4359-PSE  

The effect of diesel oil applied at 0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 ml/kg of soil on yield of oat and number of oligotrophic, eutrophic, nitrogen immobilising, ammonifying and cellulolytic bacteria and Azotobacter sp., actinomyces and fungi was studied in a pot experiment. Inoculation with Streptomyces intermedius spores was used for soil detoxication. The experiment was performed in Eutric Cambisol soil derived from light clay sand. Diesel oil was found to have a negative effect on the growth and development of oat. Inoculation did not attenuate the response of oat to soil contamination with diesel oil, but it had a positive effect on oligotrophic...

The influence of diesel oil contamination on soil enzymes activity

J. Wyszkowska, J. Kucharski, E. Wałdowska

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):58-62 | DOI: 10.17221/4360-PSE  

A pot experiment was conducted in order to examine the influence of soil contamination with diesel oil at 0.0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 ml/kg on the activity of dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. The results indicated that diesel oil contamination of soil strongly inhibited the activity of dehydrogenases and soil urease, but had only a slight effect on the activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. The negative influence of diesel oil on the activity of dehydrogenases and urease was attenuated by soil inoculation with Streptomyces intermedius spores. The potential biochemical index of soil fertility computed...

Inoculation of cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum) and poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma harzianum

M. Dubský, F. Šrámek, M. Vosátka

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):63-68 | DOI: 10.17221/4361-PSE  

Dual inoculation of peat based horticulture substrate with a mixture of four species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fungal biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum showed a significant positive effect on the growth and flowering of cyclamen plants. Inoculation substantially decreased plant mortality caused by spontaneous infection by the fungal pathogen Cryptocline cyclaminis. Plant mortality was also reduced by separate inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Both separately inoculated agents positively affected the plant growth, although to a lesser extent. Very few significant effects of inoculation were observed on the...

The influence of long-term fertilization on species diversity and yield potential of permanent meadow stand

J. Mrkvička, M. Veselá

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):69-75 | DOI: 10.17221/4362-PSE  

Long-term fertilization of meadow stands affects the species composition, yields, and general pratotechnics. Observations were realised on a plane meadow of a mesophyte character in 1976-2000 years. Four variants were observed in the experiments (N0, N0P40K100, N100P40K100, N200P40K100) in four replications. Species composition of grass stands was variable in the followed period in the leaf area from 66 to 95% of the dominance (Table 1). Total abundance of species with PK-fertilization was almost identical in individual pentads (24-28 species) as it is evident in Table 2. Table 3 proves the highest dominance was found at Dactylis glomerata L....

Effect of aluminium on peroxidase activity in roots of Al-sensitive and Al-resistant barley cultivars

L. Tamás, J. Huttová, I. Mistrík

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):76-79 | DOI: 10.17221/4363-PSE  

The effect of Al stress on peroxidase activity and peroxidase isozymes was studied in roots of two barley cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to Al. Al treatment induced a tremendous enhancement of guaiacol peroxidase activity especially in roots of Al-sensitive barley cv. Alfor. After 48 h of Al treatment activity of peroxidase in roots of cv. Alfor was up to 5.5 times higher than the control roots. In contrast, activity of peroxidase in the roots of Al-resistant cv. Bavaria was about one half than that in roots of Al-sensitive Alfor. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that at least five peroxidase isozymes are activated by Al treatment. Using IEF we determined...

Photosynthetic productivity of two winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.)

M. Sabo, T. Teklić, I. Vidović

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):80-86 | DOI: 10.17221/4364-PSE  

This paper deals with the influence of Mg, N and the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids on photosynthetic productivity of two new genotypes of winter wheat, Lara and Perla, at two localities, Donji Miholjac and Kutjevo, during the vegetation periods 1997/1998 and 1998/1999. The applied parameters were determined by standard methods. The results showed effects of Mg concentration on all examined parameters with the exception of chlorophyll b content. The highest correlation coefficient was with the N concentration, significant correlation between the leaf area and N concentrations and between the leaf area and chlorophyll a. Statistical...

International Conference of the Czech Society of Soil Science and Joint Meeting of the Czech Society of Soil Science and the Soil Science Society of America - From the Sphere of Science

L. Borůvka

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):87 | DOI: 10.17221/4365-PSE  

Prof. Ing. František Hron, DrSc., osmdesátiletý (in Czech) - From the Sphere of Science

V. Kohout

Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(2):88 | DOI: 10.17221/4366-PSE