Plant, Soil and Environment, 2002 (vol. 48), issue 3
The effect of rainfall and extensive use of grasslands on water regime
R. Duffková
Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(3):89-95 | DOI: 10.17221/4205-PSE 
Water regimes of extensively used grasslands (one cut per year, two cuts per year, no cut, mulching) were determined and compared by drainage lysimeters in 1998-2000. Although the botanical composition and yields of experimental swards were different, there was no statistically significant difference in their water regime (only the soil moisture content of no-cut variant was significantly higher than in other variants). A determinant factor for the water regime of grasslands (GR) is the sum of rainfall over the growing season while the GR water regime is influenced by land use immediately after the cut. Water runoff from the soil profile 0.0-0.60 m...
Cadmium distribution coefficeints and Cd transport in structured soils
Ľ. Lichner, A. Čipáková
Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(3):96-100 | DOI: 10.17221/4206-PSE
In the case of cadmium transport via soil macropores, the short-term duration of an interaction between the reactive solute in aqueous phase and soil, as well as cadmium precipitation or adsorption on particles < 10-5 m should be taken into account. Two distribution coefficients are proposed for predicting the cadmium transport in a structured soil: the matrix distribution coefficient Kdm, equal to the equilibrium distribution coefficient Kdeq and estimated using the conventional batch technique, and the macropore distribution coefficient KdM, estimated using the modified batch technique....
Gibberellin and auxin production by plant root-fungi and their biosynthesis under salinity-calcium interaction
Hasan H.A.H.
Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(3):101-106 | DOI: 10.17221/4207-PSE
Rhizosphere and rhizoplane of fababean (Vicia faba), melochia (Corchorus olitorius), sesame (Sesamum indicum) and soyabean (Glycine max) plants are inhabited with fungi, mostly Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium corylophilum, P. cyclopium, P. funiculosum and Rhizopus stolonifer. All fungal species have the ability to produce gibberellin (GA) but F. oxysporum was found to produce both GA and indole-acetic acid (IAA). The optimum period for GA and IAA production by F. oxysporum was 10 days in the mycelium and...
Assessment of metribuzin effects on potatoes using a method of very rapid fluorescence induction
J. Dvořák, I. Remešová
Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(3):107-117 | DOI: 10.17221/4208-PSE
Effects of increasing doses of the herbicidal preparation Sencor 70 WP (metribuzin a.i.) on selected potato varieties were studied in a field and pot experiments using very rapid fluorescence induction (vrFI). Tuber yield, and in pot experiments a tuber number and characteristics of the aboveground biomass were assessed. The curve of rapid induction goes through the O-J-I-P phases. The parameters Fo, Fv/Fp and rFj were measured. Based on changes in the vrFI parameters in comparison with controls, varieties were ranked according to sensitivity to metribuzin in field experiments. Keřkovské rohlíčky and Ukama were the most sensitive varieties and Impala...
Crop response to the application of special natural amendments based on zeolite tuff
A. Butorac, T. Filipan, F. Bašić, J. Butorac, M. Mesić, I. Kisić
Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(3):118-124 | DOI: 10.17221/4210-PSE
The conception of these investigations is based on the premise that a way should be found to eliminate, or at least mitigate, the harmful effect of excessive soil acidity without resorting to the massive and costly measures of liming. The main issue addressed in this study is how to increase crop yield by increasing nutrient availability rather than how to neutralize the soil. This as well as our earlier investigations, conducted on pseudogley of mesoelevations, indicate that this can be achieved by the application of special natural amendments (SNA) based on zeolite tuff, under the name Agrarvital (AV), in which clinoptilolite prevails while the remaining...
Evaluation of the CERES models in different production regions of the Czech Republic
M. Šťastná, M. Trnka, J. Křen, M. Dubrovský, Z. Žalud
Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(3):125-132 | DOI: 10.17221/4209-PSE
The main goal of this work was to calibrate and evaluate the CERES-Barley and CERES-Wheat crop models. The experimental fields used for the model evaluation are situated in three different production regions (maize, sugar beet and potato main growing regions, respectively) with altitudes of 179, 204 and 560 meters above the sea level. Grain yield and date of anthesis together with maturity dates served as reference for the model evaluation. Two evaluation approaches were tested in this study. The first one uses historical data series and it is based on long-term field experiments with capability to reflect interannual weather variability. The second...
The influence of special natural amendments based on zeolite tuff and different lime materials on some soil chemical properties
A. Butorac, M. Mesić, T. Filipan, J. Butorac, F. Bašić, I. Kisić
Plant Soil Environ., 2002, 48(3):133-139 | DOI: 10.17221/4211-PSE
This paper deals with the changes in soil active acidity, mobile aluminium, base saturation, iron and manganese under the influence of quicklime (QL), mixture of soft lithothamnian limestone (SLL) and dolomite (D), and special natural amendments (SNA) based on zeolite tuff. Investigations were carried out on pseudogley of mesoelevations, dystric. The four-year trial was set up according to the Latin rectangle method with 18 trial treatments in four replications. While SNA based on zeolite tuff had little effect on changes of the studied parameters, traditional lime materials (LM), owing also to the fact that they were applied at several times higher...