Plant, Soil and Environment, 2003 (vol. 49), issue 11
Utilization of afila types of pea (Pisum sativum L.) resistant to powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi DC.) in the breeding programs
M. Ondřej, R. Dostálová, M. Hýbl, L. Odstrčilová, R. Tyller, R. Trojan
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):481-485 | DOI: 10.17221/4161-PSE 
The yield potential, quality and level of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi DC.) of afila smooth seeded pea (Pisum sativum L.) were tested in the field trials. The cultivars and breeding lines Mozart, Consort-R, AGT-01, Cebeco 1171 and AGT-GH surpassed the control cv. Gotik in the yields of dry seed, in contrast the dry seed yields of Highlight, AGT-KR, Melfort and LU 390-R2 were about 12-27% lower than that of the control. The low seed yield was caused by virus infections (PEMV, BYMV), root diseases (Pythium, Fusarium), and a low level of thousand seeds weight (TSW). Material crossing with donors...
Suitability of oat-seed storage-protein markers for identification of cultivars in grain and mixed flour samples
V. Dvořáček, V. Čurn, J. Moudrý
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):486-491 | DOI: 10.17221/4182-PSE
The objective of this study was an improvement on oat identification procedure for laboratory applications, and the comparison of albumin-globulin and avenin protein patterns in five hulled and naked oat cultivars: Abel (CZ) and Izák (CZ) - naked oats, Auron (CZ), Edmund (D) and Expander (D) - hulled oats. The last object of this study was the authenticity verification of standardly prepared meal samples with various proportions of admixture. It was confirmed that avenins, characterised under SDS-PAGE conditions, are reliable implements for the identification of oat cultivars. It was found that oat grain contains, on the basis of Osborne fractionation,...
The influence of harvest date and crop treatment on the production of two different sugar beet variety types
L. Jozefyová, J. Pulkrábek, J. Urban
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):492-498 | DOI: 10.17221/4183-PSE
In a four-year trial, the effect was evaluated of the harvest time on the production of two different sugar beet variety types (the Z-type variety Elan and the NE-type variety Epos) grown in three patterns - 1. check pattern, 2. fertilisation with50 kgN/ha, 3. fertilisation with50 kgN/ha + fungicide treatment. Sugar beet was harvested in two terms: at the beginning of the beet processing season, and four weeks later. The differences between the varieties became apparent mainly at the later harvest time. The root yields of the NE-type variety Epos were higher at the later harvest by the average 4.35 t/ha (statistically significant, α = 0.01) while...
The influence of stands cultivation on persistency of different cultivars of Medicago sativa L.
J. Šantrůček, M. Svobodová, D. Hlavičková
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):499-504 | DOI: 10.17221/4184-PSE
A polyfactorial field trial with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cv. Palava, Jarka and Vlasta was established in Červený Újezd (altitude405 m a.s.l., average year precipitation493 mm per year, average year temperature 7.6°C, clay loam orthic luvisol) in the spring with a companion crop (spring wheat) in rows of a space of125 mm, sowing rate 16 kg/ha of germinable seeds in the year 1998. The stands were cut 3 times per year, the control variant was left without a treatment, the rest were cultivated with a spike or a vibration harrow before the beginning of the vegetation season and after the first cut. The numbers of plants and stems per m2 and...
Effect of P and Zn fertilization on biomass yield and its uptake by maize lines (Zea mays L.)
G. Bukvić, M. Antunović, S. Popović, M. Rastija
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):505-510 | DOI: 10.17221/4185-PSE
Three maize inbred lines (Os86-39, Os89-35 and Os87-24) were grown in pots with Eutric Cambisol using 9 fertilisation variants (control 10 kg/ha Zn - on soil surface; 5 kg/ha - foliar application; 61 kg/ha P; 61 kg/ha P and 10 kg/ha Zn - on soil surface; 61 kg/ha P and 5 kg/ha Zn - foliar application; 183 kg/ha P; 183 kg/ha P and 10 kg/ha Zn - on soil surface; 183 kg/ha P and 5 kg/ha Zn - foliar application). The effects of phosphorus and zinc fertilisation on the dry matter yield, plant height, stalk diameter as well as phosphorus and zinc concentrations in ear-leaves were investigated. Significant differences were found between the lines in all parameters...
Seed dormancy and germination of Shaggy soldier (Galinsoga ciliata Blake.) and Common lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.)
M. Jursík, J. Soukup, V. Venclová, J. Holec
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):511-518 | DOI: 10.17221/4186-PSE
Laboratory experiments were carried out with seeds of Galinsoga ciliata and Chenopodium album in 1998, 2000 and 2001. The study involved germination of non-dormant seeds in the light and the dark at 5-30°C, the germination energy at 15, 24, and 33°C, and the primary dormancy of seeds matured during the period from July to October. Both weeds germinated better in the light compared to the dark. Seeds of G. ciliata germinated at 10-33°C. Germination exceeding 85% was recorded at 12-28°C. Ch. album germinated in a wider temperature interval (5-33°C). Maximum germination (75%) was obtained at 18°C. A very high...
Development and testing of two methods for the measurement of the mowing machine feed rate
F. Kumhála, M. Kroulík, J. Mašek, V. Prošek
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):519-524 | DOI: 10.17221/4187-PSE
Two methods were developed and tested for the measurement of the mowing machine material feed rate (based on the conditioner power input measured by a torque-meter, and/or on the material change in momentum measured by a curved impact plate). The measurements carried out in the year 2001 proved that a very good linear relationship existed between the conditioner power input, output frequency of the apparatus measuring the impact force by means of the impact plate, and the material feed rate through the mowing machine. The calculated R-Squared values were about 0.95. In the year 2002, the impacts of material and condition (parameters) changes on the...
The intensity and quality of Internet usage in the agriculture sector and possibilities of its further development - Information
J. Jarolímek, J. Vaněk
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(11):525-529 | DOI: 10.17221/4188-PSE
The level of the usage of information and communication technologies (ICT) has a direct influence on the development and competitiveness of individuals, firms, production sectors, regions and even the whole continents. The availability of ICT, including the Internet, to agricultural enterprises in theCzechRepublicis already very satisfactory. Due to the structure of agricultural enterprises the penetration of Internet technologies in theCzechRepublicis more intensive than in most EU countries. Therefore an urgent issue is the level of the usage of these technologies that is not an issue related to finances anymore but it is a problem related to the...