Plant, Soil and Environment, 2003 (vol. 49), issue 3
Detection of the varietal purity in sample of harvested wheat and triticale grains by prolamin marker
T. Vyhnánek, J. Bednář
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):95-98 | DOI: 10.17221/4096-PSE 
In 1997 and 1998 we used samples of harvested grain to verify the possibility of distinguishing 14 winter wheat genotypes and six triticale genotypes and detecting the impurity on the basis of the detection of polymorphism of prolamin kernel proteins using the methods of the PAGE ISTA. On the basis of the identity index two sister prolamin lines with different percentage of participation, which was based on the weather conditions of the year of harvest, were discovered in seven wheat genotypes (Astella, Brea, Hana, Ilona, Siria, Sofia and Šárka) and two triticale genotypes (Tornádo and KM 779). A foreign genotype was detected in the Hana and Astella...
Evaluation of protein fractions as biochemical markers for identification of spelt wheat cultivars (Triticum spelta L.)
V. Dvořáček, V. Čurn
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):99-105 | DOI: 10.17221/4097-PSE
Four protein fractions: 1 - albumins and globulins, 2 - gliadins, 3 - glutenins (extracted in NaOH), 4 - glutenins (extracted in SDS) separated by SDS-PAGE were used as biochemical markers for evaluation of polymorphism level in three spelt wheat cultivars - Hercule, Altgold and Rouquin, three new-breeders' spelt lines - H92.27, H92.28 and M92.20 (originated from hybridisation between spelt and common wheat) and reference common wheat cultivar Brea. Electrophoretic phenotypes and zymograms were evaluated by means of digital image analysis and Nei and Li coefficient of similarity was used to evaluate the relation of analysed genotypes. Entire evaluation...
Evaluation of genetic diversity of Brassica napus germplasm from China and Europe assessed by RAPD markers
S.W. HU, J. Ovesná, L. Kučera, V. Kučera, M. Vyvadilová
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):106-113 | DOI: 10.17221/4098-PSE
The genetic diversity and the relationships among rapeseed germplasm, including a collection of 20 Chinese, 25 Czech, 2 German, 2 French, and 1 English cultivars and breeding materials were evaluated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 79 different polymorphic amplification products were obtained using10 selected decamer primers. RAPDs revealed a significant level of polymorphism among the accessions. The diversity index (DI) ranged from 1.390 to 3.491, showing a sufficient potential of selected primers to differentiate among studied genotypes. Three different metrics were used to assess genetic diversity. The best fit...
The effect of parsley seed hydration treatment and pelleting on seed vigour
S. Podlaski, Z. Chrobak, Z. Wyszkowska
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):114-118 | DOI: 10.17221/4099-PSE
The effect of two priming techniques: hardening (prehydration treatment) and solid matrix priming (SMP) was studied on the seeds of two parsley varieties (Cukrowa and Berlińska) in 3-year laboratory experiments. On the images obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM) there is a parsley embryo developing during germination up to the moment of radicle emergence. On the surface of primed seeds, in particular using the hardening method, lateral cracks are visible. The respiratory activity of primed seeds was similar to that of non-primed in the period of initial 24 h of germination, but significantly higher after 48 h. As compared to non primed...
Dynamics of stand composition changes in grass and grass-clover stands and relations between dominant species
P. Matušinsky, F. Hrabě
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):119-125 | DOI: 10.17221/4100-PSE
Changes in the species composition of temporary grass and grass-clover crops stands were studied in 1994-2000. The assessment consisted in determination of the dominance of individual species, measurement of their aboveground biomass weight and subsequent comparison of detected values. The measurements were evaluated by the method of determination of distance between vectors of stand composition and by the subsequent standardization. Resulting values are in a good agreement with the hither to knowledge and confirm that more favourable yield parameters are achieved within 30-60% of total changeability. Changes of species composition and stand changeability...
Changes in the germinability and vigour of winter triticale seeds with sprouting damage
M. Moś
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):126-130 | DOI: 10.17221/4101-PSE
Changes in the germinability and vigour of seeds with sprouting damage obtained after induced sprouting under laboratory conditions were investigated in winter triticale cultivars: Bogo,Moreno, Vero, in the years 1998-2000. The seeds were tested directly after harvest, at the optimal time for sowing winter triticale and after accelerated ageing test. Average germinability evaluated directly after induced sprouting and at the optimal time for sowing winter triticale ranged from 78.0% to 92.7% and from 70.3% to 81.0%, respectively. Similar results were obtained for the length of the first leaf and the length of the longest root. The estimated components...
The influence of selected cultivation on the content of total protein and amino acids in the potato tubers
J. Mitrus, C. Stankiewicz, E. Steć, M. Kamecki, J. Starczewski
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):131-134 | DOI: 10.17221/4102-PSE
The aim of study was to determine the effect of selected cultivation operations, such as nitrogenous fertilization (60,90 kgN/ha), row spacing (62, 82,102 cm), compaction of soil with wheels of farm aggregates (the numbers of passing 2×, 5×, 8×), on quality changes of two potato varieties (Irga and Ekra). The total protein content in the tubers of the tested potato varieties increased with the increase of the nitrogenous fertilization (90 kgN/ha). Genotype features of the tested potato tubers define the amino acid limiting the protein biological value (CS) to be leucine in Irga variety and isoleucine in Ekra variety. It is also genotype that influences...
The effect of UV-B radiation on plant growth and development
K. Zuk-Golaszewska, M.K. Upadhyaya, J. Golaszewski
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(3):135-140 | DOI: 10.17221/4103-PSE
In the experiment conducted in the greenhouse, the different doses of UV-B radiation applied to the two species Avena fatua and Setaria viridis induced changes in leaf and plant morphology. It was a decrease of plant height, fresh mass of leaves, shoots and roots as well as leaf area. Besides, it caused the leaf curling in both of the species. The significant differences between Avena fatua and Setaria viridis in the studied traits were mainly due to the tillering ability of the species. The content of chlorophyll varied considerably. The average values of leaf greenness (SPAD units) for oats were about 43 while...