Plant, Soil and Environment, 2003 (vol. 49), issue 4
Fast prediction of quality parameters in whole seeds of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)
V. Míka, P. Tillmann, R. Koprna, P. Nerušil, V. Kučera
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):141-145 | DOI: 10.17221/4104-PSE 
A calibration equation for NIRSystems 6500 instrument was derived at VSTE Jevíčko using the measurement of broad collection of Czech samples of winter rape, allowing sufficiently accurate prediction of content of dry matter (DM), crude protein (XP), crude fat (XL), glucosinolates (GSL), oleic and linoleic acids in an extremely short time. The prediction accuracy was verified on a validation file (n = 60). The coefficients of determinance (R2) were 0.83 for XP, 0.71 for XL, and 0.84 for GSL. The prediction accuracy according to the VSTE equation was compared to the prediction accuracy according to the VDLUFA calibration equation (Kassel,...
Changes in technological quality of food wheat in a four crop rotation
Z. Muchová
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):146-150 | DOI: 10.17221/4105-PSE
The evaluation of technological characteristics of food wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), grown in a four crop rotation (corn, barley, pea, wheat) since 1994, is presented. Samples of grain, whole grain meals, and flours of the varieties Vlada and Samanta were analyzed. The samples originated from field trials at a research base nearNitra. All important methods of the assessment of the raw material technological quality (intended use for milling and baking) were applied. A total of 22 characteristics were evaluated (15 of them are shown in Table 1). The highest abundance of highly significant (significance levels being results of both parametric...
Activities of amine oxidase, peroxidase and catalase in seedlings of Pisum sativum L. under different light conditions
L. Luhová, A. Lebeda, D. Hedererová, P. Peč
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):151-157 | DOI: 10.17221/4106-PSE
The activities of amine oxidase, peroxidase and catalase were studied in 12 cultivars of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and one accession of wild pea (Pisum sativum subsp. transcaucasicum). The influence of different light conditions on the enzyme activities was studied in extracts of 8-d-old seedlings. Substantially higher amine oxidase activity was detected in etiolated pea seedlings than in plants growing under controlled light conditions (12h photoperiod). Higher peroxidase and catalase activities indicate more intensive production of toxic hydrogen peroxide evolved by reactions of different type in green plants in comparison...
Response of salt stressed barley seedlings to phenylurea
Ali R.M., Abbas H.M.
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):158-162 | DOI: 10.17221/4107-PSE
The effect of phenylurea with reported cytokinin-like activities on seed germination, seedling growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes, polyphenol, peroxidase, indoleacetic acid oxidase, and total phenolic compounds, flavonoids was investigated in stressed barley seedlings. The application of phenylurea decreases the activity of peroxidase, indoleacetic acid oxidase and increases the activity of polyphenol oxidase with decrease in total phenolic compounds and flavonoids and consequent increase in growth rate. Saline (NaCl) stress in barley seedlings causes an increase in total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and enhancement of peroxidase and indoleacetic...
Hop yield evaluation depending on experimental plot area under different nitrogen management
F. Bavec, B. Čeh Brežnik, M. Brežnik
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):163-167 | DOI: 10.17221/4108-PSE
Numerous agricultural and associated ecological effects such as mineral nitrogen fertilising influence the yield of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cones and its quality. Using a wide spacing of plants (in our case 2.6 × 0.8 m) we want to answer a hypothetical question about an appropriate number of test plants per plot vs. experimental plot area. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of different rates of mineral nitrogen, fertiliser combinations and their nitrogen split application on hop yield evaluated from different plot areas (micro trial: 30 plants per plot; macro trial: 320 plants per plot). Hop yield varied significantly between...
Molecular sampling of hop stunt viroid (HSVd) from grapevines in hop production areas in the Czech Republic and hop protection
J. Matoušek, L. Orctová, J. Patzak, P. Svoboda, I. Ludvíková
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):168-175 | DOI: 10.17221/4109-PSE
Molecular sampling of HSVd in grapevines in the environs of hop gardens was performed. Specific RT PCR primers were designed to unambiguously distinguish between HLVd and HSVd infections. These primers were used for detection and analysis of HSVd cDNAs from individual samples by thermodynamic methods, TGGE and cDNA heteroduplex analysis. We found that at least 70% of grapevine samples from locations close to hop gardens inNorthern Bohemia(Žatec and Úštěk hop production areas) were infected with HSVd forming populations containing quasispecies. Particular sequence variants, dominant in grapevines from wine-growing areas like Znojmo, were also found...
Analysis of genetic relationships between populations of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) by using morphological characterisation and RAPD markers
S. Samal, G.R. Rout, Lenka P.C.
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):176-182 | DOI: 10.17221/4110-PSE
In the present paper genetic relationships of twenty varieties of cashew are described on the basis of morphological characters and RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. Results obtained for the phenotypic characters based on similarity coefficient were divided into four clusters with 70% similarity. By means of similarity coefficients (SG), cluster I was found to consist of twelve varieties. Cluster II consisted of a single variety, NRCC-1, cluster III consisted of six varieties and cluster IV had only one variety, Vridhachalam-2. The analysis started by using RAPD markers that allowed us to distinguish 20 varieties. A total of 80 distinct...
Economic analysis of integrated weed management in field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
E. Štefanić, I. Štefanić, A.J. Murdoch
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(4):183-189 | DOI: 10.17221/4111-PSE
Field experiments were conducted in field bean in the north-eastern part of theRepublicofCroatiato compare weed control and crop response under different management practices within the critical period of field bean production. The practices consisted in broadcast application of labelled rate of preemergence herbicide (pre) and postemergence herbicide application: (post) broadcast, band application over the rows, and band application combined with mechanical cultivation using of different herbicide doses recommended by the manufacturer (2×, 1×, 1/2×, 1/4×, 1/8×). In 1999, weed control with pre application of pendimethalin was superior to post bentazone...