Plant, Soil and Environment, 2004 (vol. 50), issue 6
Barley response to the soil reserve of sulphur and ammonium sulphate in short-term experiments under controlled conditions of cultivation
J. Matula
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(6):235-242 | DOI: 10.17221/4027-PSE 
The objective of the paper was to determine an appropriate concentration of available sulphur in soil for the initial growth of plants. Based on previous researches two methods of soil extraction were used to acquire information on the soil reserve: water extraction (H2O 1:5, w/v) and extraction in 0.5M ammonium acetate with addition of NH4F (KVK-UF soil test). Spring barley was used as a test crop to determine the soil reserve of sulphur and its response to sulphur addition to the soil. A collection of 48 samples of topsoil from agriculturally important localities in the CR was made up for this purpose and the parameters of the...
Inter-relationship between number of microorganisms and spring barley yield and degree of soil contamination with copper
J. Kucharski, J. Wyszkowska
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(6):243-249 | DOI: 10.17221/4028-PSE
The purpose of the study has been to determine the effect of soil contamination with copper on the modification of microbial number and spring barley yield and to assess whether spores of actinomycete Streptomyces odorifer and Streptomyces viridis were used for detoxification of copper polluted soils. The tests were performed in a pot experiment, which was conducted on two types of soil: Eutric Cambisol soil derived from light loamy sand and Eutric Cambisol soil derived from light loam. The results showed that number of all analysed microorganisms was significantly negatively correlated with a degree of soil contamination by copper,...
A new soil core sampler for determination bulk density in soil profile
P. Prikner, F. Lachnit, F. Dvořák
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(6):250-256 | DOI: 10.17221/4029-PSE
The portable soil core sampler was engineered for gradual sampling of soil profile in the depth up to 0.5 m, which ensures extraction of the whole sample volume of soil profile in determinable depth. The portable soil core sampler was compared with the professional soil probe Eijkelkamp P1.31 (Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment, Netherlands) in field conditions. The portable sampler was compared with the physical soil sample rings in laboratory conditions to eliminate all of possible restrictive aspects affecting the procedure of measurement. The portable soil core sampler with inner diameter 71 mm, depth 120 mmenables gradually take samples of soil profile...
Adsorption of copper, cadmium and silver from aqueous solutions onto natural carbonaceous materials
P. Hanzlík, J. Jehlička, Z. Weishauptová, O. Šebek
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(6):257-264 | DOI: 10.17221/4030-PSE
Twelve carbonaceous materials were investigated for adsorption of Cd, Cu and Ag from water solutions. Before the adsorption experiments the chemical and structural characterization of all materials were made. The batch adsorption experiment was used. The kinetic of the adsorption process was very fast for the first five hours but very slow for approximately the next 65 hours. Nevertheless the maximum amount of metal removed was achieved during the first stage of about five hours. Biological materials (milled wood, bark, cork) exhibited a very low affinity for adsorption of metals. The best results were obtained for materials in an intermediate degree...
Growth and dry matter partitioning in sugar beet plants (Beta vulgaris L.) under moderate drought
D. Choluj, R. Karwowska, M. Jasińska, G. Haber
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(6):265-272 | DOI: 10.17221/4031-PSE
Growth response of sugar beet plants to drought stress applied at different growth stages has been investigated. Cessation of watering imposed moderate water stress and resulted in the reduction of the relative water content of young and old leaves maximally by 6%. However, water content in taproot was more drastically decreased than in the shoot. Water withholding reduced dry matter accumulation and leaf assimilatory expansion when imposed at successive growth stages, especially in the case of earlier stress application. Substantial change in distribution pattern was observed when stress affected foliar development, more than 80% of dry matter was...
Net N-mineralisation related to soil organic matter pools
F. Feichtinger, E. Erhart, W. Hartl
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(6):273-276 | DOI: 10.17221/4032-PSE
Soil organic matter and its turnover rate are key parameters for agricultural management practice as well as for environmental issues. In a field experiment comparing organic (compost) and mineral fertilisation and combinations of both the amount of inorganic nitrogen in the soil and the nitrogen uptake by the plants were measured. Considering these data and the fertilisation practice the net N-mineralisation during the vegetation periods 1996-2001 was estimated for six fertilisation treatments. Simultaneously the nitrogen dynamics in the soil were calculated using the STOTRASIM model, which takes into account four soil organic matter pools of different...
Analysis of dry matter yield structure of forage grasses
N. LEMEŽIENÉ, J. Kanapeckas, P. Tarakanovas, S. Nekrošas
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(6):277-282 | DOI: 10.17221/4033-PSE
An average dry matter yield structure (three cuts per growing season) in relation to agronomically valuable characteristics of six forage grass species and a year of herbage utilization was studied over the period of 1989-2002 in Lithuania. The most productive species of the first cut of two years of herbage utilization were Phleum pratense (P < 0.01) and Festulolium hybrids (P < 0.05) (average dry matter yield were 7.42 and 6.66 t/ha, respectively), moderately productive - Festuca pratensis, Dactylis glomerata and Lolium perenne (5.58, 5.42 and 5.20 t/ha), significantly lower (P...