Plant, Soil and Environment, 2006 (vol. 52), issue 11
Evaluation of spring barley genotypes with different susceptibility to Fusarium head blight using molecular markers
Z. Nesvadba, T. Vyhnánek, I. Ježíšková, L. Tvarůžek, M. Špunarová, J. Špunar
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(11):485-491 | DOI: 10.17221/3538-PSE 
One of cereal diseases that has gained a greater importance for growers, processing industry as well as for breeders in many regions of the world is Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by fungi of the Fusarium genus. The objectives of this study were to test diversity among spring barley breeding lines exhibiting various sensitivity to FHB and to find RAPD markers and AFLP markers that will distinguish between susceptible and resistant and/or moderately resistant genotypes. A test of a set of spring barley genotypes artificially infected by fusaria in field trials was carried out. Based on the results from field and laboratory evaluation and...
Effects of beauvericin on root cell transmembrane electric potential, electrolyte leakage and respiration of maize roots with different susceptibility to Fusarium
J. Pavlovkin, I. Mistríková, M. Luxová, I. Mistrík
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(11):492-498 | DOI: 10.17221/3539-PSE
Effect of beauvericin on root cell transmembrane electric potential (EM), electrolyte leakage and respiration of roots were studied in two maize cultivars (Zea mays L.) with different susceptibility to this toxigenic metabolite produced by Fusarium. Beauvericin treatment induced rapid and significant depolarisation of membrane potentials of the outer cortical cells of maize roots of tolerant cv. Lucia. The range of depolarisation was dose dependent with maximum depolarisation of 55 mV (55 ± 7 mV, n = 7) at 200µM beauvericin. In contrast, membrane potentials of beauvericin susceptible cv. Pavla was...
Initial growth responses of blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) under elevated CO2and moisture stress
M. Vanaja, P. Ratnakumar, P. Vagheera, M. Jyothi, P. Raghuram Reddy, N. Jyothi Lakshmi, M. Maheshwari, S.K. Yadav
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(11):499-504 | DOI: 10.17221/3540-PSE
An attempt was made to understand the interactive effect of the elevated CO2 and moisture stress on germination and initial growth responses of blackgarm (Vigna mungo L. Hepper). Four open top chambers (OTCs) were used for different conditions: irrigated with ambient CO2 (365 ppm), irrigated with elevated CO2 (600 ppm), moisture stress with ambient CO2 and moisture stress with elevated CO2. The percentage of germination, germination speed, emergence index, and vigor index were measured on the 5th and 6th day after sowing (DAS). Plants were harvested at different time...
Role of compost, bentonite and lime in recovering the biochemical equilibrium of diesel oil contaminated soil
J. Wyszkowska, M. Wyszkowski
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(11):505-514 | DOI: 10.17221/3541-PSE
The aim of the study was to determine how soil contamination with diesel oil affected biochemical properties of soil and to determine whether the application of compost, bentonite or lime could recover the biochemical equilibrium of soil. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. Typical Eutric Cambisols soil formed from sandy loam was polluted with the following amounts of diesel oil: 2.5, 5.0 and 10 cm3/kg of soil. The results of the tests showed that the contamination of soil with diesel oil at the amount between 2.5 and 10 cm3/kg of soil disturbed the biochemical balance of soil. Irrespective of the application of...
Effects of hybrid and row spacing on maize forage yield and quality
S. Iptas, A.A. Acar
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(11):515-522 | DOI: 10.17221/3543-PSE
This study was conducted to determine the effect of row spacing (40, 60 and 80 cm) on forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality of four hybrids grown in the years 2001 and 2002. The highest DM yield was obtained from the Arifiye (24.1 and 22.4 t/ha) while the lowest DM yield was obtained from Pioneer 3163 (19.9 and 19.8 t/ha) in the years 2001 and 2002, respectively. As row spacing increased, DM yield as an average of two years decreased from 27.2 to 16.6 t/ha. No differences were found among row spacing for DM content, harvest index (HI) and ear content. As row spacing increased, whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF)...
Physiological responses of maize to elemental sulphur and cadmium stress
Y. Cui, Q. Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(11):523-529 | DOI: 10.17221/3542-PSE
The physiological response to application of elemental sulphur (S) and cadmium (Cd) of maize (Zea mays L.) grown for 60 days in pot soil was studied. The S was added into the soil with 2 rates (0 and 50 mmol/kg) and Cd was added in solution in 4 rates (0, 20, 50, 100 mg/kg). All the S and Cd were added before planting. Shoot biomass decreased with the application of Cd to the soil whether S was applied or not. The application of S and Cd to soil led to an increasing accumulation of Cd in the shoots of maize. The concentration of chlorophyll was reduced significantly in Cd-treated plants with or without supplementary S. The content of malondialdehyde...