Plant, Soil and Environment, 2006 (vol. 52), issue 6
The extent of land use impact on water regime
P. Kovář
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):239-244 | DOI: 10.17221/3435-PSE 
The paper is focused on the impact of land use changes on water regime. First, an emphasis was given to what extent the main components of the water balance on the experimental catchment Všeminka (region Vsetínské Hills) were influenced. For this reason, the WBCM-5 model was implemented for the period of 10 years in a daily step with a particular reference to simulate the components of direct runoff and of subsurface water recharge. In the selected years of the period 1990-2000, the major changes were made in land use and also the significant fluctuation of rainfall-runoff regimes were observed (e.g. dry year 1992 and flood year 1997). After WBCM-5...
Evaluation of characteristics affecting the market value of table potatoes after washing
V. Rasocha, E. Hausvater, P. Doležal
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):245-249 | DOI: 10.17221/3436-PSE
Skin scuffing is a problem of washing of the individual potato varieties, which is particularly important at harvests of physiologically immature tubers. Washing of such tubers cannot be recommended. Discoloration of scuffed tuber parts is another problem, which is exhibited by gray, brown to black color. Greening of washed tubers is mostly influenced by storage manner that also affects tuber sprouting. Mechanical damage, occurrence of several diseases, abiotic injuries, pest damages is also a problem. Various responses of potato varieties were found to tuber washing. Varieties with rough, netted skin, physiologically immature tubers, infected with...
Cadmium induced changes in cell wall peroxidase isozyme pattern in barley root tips
J. Huttová, I. Mistrík, M. Ollé-Šimonovičová, L. Tamás
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):250-253 | DOI: 10.17221/3437-PSE
Changes in peroxidase activity as well as isozyme peroxidase pattern were analyzed in five cell wall (CW) fractions of barley roots exposed to 1mM CdCl2for 48 and 72 h. Whereas strong inhibition of peroxidase activity was detected in fraction CW I and weak inhibition in fractions CW II, III and IV, strong activation of peroxidase was observed in fraction V after Cd application. Despite the inhibition of enzyme activity in most CW fractions, induction of several isoperoxidases was discovered after separation on PAGE. In fraction CW I inhibition of one cathodic isoperoxidase and activation of two anodic and two cathodic isoperoxidases was...
Parametric stability analyses for grain yield of durum wheat
M. Akcura, Y. Kaya, S. Taner, R. Ayranci
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):254-261 | DOI: 10.17221/3438-PSE
Grain yield of 15 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes consisting of 13 cultivars and 2 advanced lines, tested in a randomized complete block design with four replications across 8 environments of Central Anatolian Region of Turkey was analyzed using nine parametric stability measures. The objectives were to assess genotype-environment interactions (GEI), determine stable genotypes, and compare mean grain yield with the parametric stability parameters. To quantify yield stability, nine stability statistics were calculated (bi, S2di, Ri2, Wi2,...
Effect of aluminum on the isozymes of the seedlings of two soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] varieties
X.F. Ying, P. Liu, G.D. XU
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):262-270 | DOI: 10.17221/3439-PSE
Aluminum (Al) is not the necessary nutrient but the most abundant metal in the earth's crust. Isozymes of the seedlings of two soybean varieties (Zhechun No. 3 and Huachun No. 18) and their response to different Al treatments had been analyzed. The study showed that the responses to Al toxicity of different isozymes were quite different. Among these four isozymes, esterase (EST) isozyme was the least sensitive to Al toxicity. There was no distinct difference in the zymograms of EST under different Al treatments. Al toxicity enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POD) and induced some new bands to adapt it. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was inhibited by...
The influence of tillage on selected biological parameters
O. Mikanová, M. Javůrek, M. Vach, A. Markupová
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):271-274 | DOI: 10.17221/3440-PSE
The influence of tillage (conventional and non-tillage) on selected soil microbial properties was studied. The experiment focused on tillage that was launched in Prague-Ruzyne in 1997. The experiment included the following variants: conventional tillage, protective tillage (without post harvest residues), protective tillage (with residue biomass - mulch), protective tillage (covered by pea crop residues for winter wheat, with fore crop). In the field experiment there were tested: enzymatic activities (activity of urease, dehydrogenase, arylsulfatase and invertase) and microbial biomass. The microbial biomass and soil microbial processes were affected...
The influence of different soil vegetation covers onto the volumetric water content in upper soil layers
V. Brant, J. Pivec, V. Venclová, J. Soukup, J. Holec
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):275-281 | DOI: 10.17221/3441-PSE
The influence of different vegetation cover of the set aside land on the volumetric water content VWC (%) and its variations during the day in upper soil layers (5 and 15 cm) using the TDR method was observed in 15 min intervals from May to August in 2002 and 2003. A spontaneous fallow was established in autumn 2001 and plots with artificial revegetation sowed with grass-legume mixture of Dactylis polygama Horv. and Trifolium repens L. in spring 2002. The experimental plots were mulched twice during the vegetation period. VWC (%) was registered in the same time also on bare ground. The control plot was sown with crops (Brassica...
Relations among alkaloids, cadmium and zinc contents in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)
J. Lachman, A. Hejtmánková, D. Miholová, D. Kolihová, P. Tluka
Plant Soil Environ., 2006, 52(6):282-288 | DOI: 10.17221/3442-PSE
The effort of this work was to prove whether there exists any relation between stress factors caused by content of cadmium and zinc, and content and composition of opium alkaloids codeine, morphine, narcotine (noscapine) and papaverine contained in poppy seeds and capsules (Papaver somniferumL.) in 14 samples of 8 varieties cultivated in 8 localities in 2003. Contents of cadmium and zinc were measured by a method of electrothermic atomization and contents of selected individual alkaloids were determined by a HPLC method. The results were tested by the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Pearson linear correlation coefficient. With knowledge...