Plant, Soil and Environment, 2008 (vol. 54), issue 10
Spatial variability of total soil nitrogen and sulphur content at two conventionally managed fields
V. Vaněk, J. Balík, J. Šilha, J. Černý
Plant Soil Environ., 2008, 54(10):413-419 | DOI: 10.17221/404-PSE 
Spatial variability of total soil nitrogen and sulphur content has been observed in two plots (I - 54 ha and II - 32 ha). Soil samples were taken from the topsoil in a regular grid, which was localised by GPS (individual sampling points were 80 m apart); subsequently total soil N and S contents were analysed. The average N content in plot I was 0.16%; in plot II it was 0.12%. The content of S in plots I and II was 0.09% and 0.08%, respectively. Spatial variability of total N differed in separate parts of the plots. A higher variability was recorded in plot I, where the coefficient of variation (CV) was 15.7%, whereas in plot II it was only 11.1%....
Soil organic carbon under different landscape attributes in croplands of Northeast China
Z.M. Wang, B. Zhang, K.S. Song, D.W. Liu, F. Li, Z.X. Guo, S.M. Zhang
Plant Soil Environ., 2008, 54(10):420-427 | DOI: 10.17221/402-PSE
Soil organic carbon (SOC) was measured in topsoil samples of agricultural soils from 311 locations of Jiutai County, Northeast China. The spatial characteristics of SOC were studied using the Geographic Information Systems and geostatistics. Effects of other soil physical and chemical properties, elevation, slope, soil type and land use type were explored. SOC concentrations followed a lognormal distribution, with a geometric mean of 1.50%. The experimental variogram of SOC has been fitted with an exponential model. Our results highlighted total nitrogen and pH as the soil properties that have the greatest influence on SOC levels. Upland eroding areas...
Effects of some plant growth regulators on stem anatomy of radish seedlings grown under saline (NaCl) conditions
K. Çavuşoglu, S. Kiliç, K. Kabar
Plant Soil Environ., 2008, 54(10):428-433 | DOI: 10.17221/405-PSE
In this work, effects of gibberellic acid, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon), triacontanol, 24-epibrassinolide and polyamine (cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine) pretreatments on the stem anatomy of radish seedlings grown under saline conditions were studied. Salt stress decreased the stem diameter, epidermis cell size, cortex zone thickness, vascular bundle width, cambium thickness, xylem width, trachea diameter and phloem width in the seedlings non-pretreated with the growth regulators, in comparison with the control seedlings grown in distilled water medium. In addition, it slightly increased the cuticle thickness. On the other hand,...
Phytoextraction of lead by Helianthus annuus: effect of mobilising agent application time
A.A. Safari Sinegani, F. Khalilikhah
Plant Soil Environ., 2008, 54(10):434-440 | DOI: 10.17221/400-PSE
Pot experiments were conducted to determine the best time for application of (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) EDTA and sheep manure extract (SME) in phytoremediation of a contaminated soil by Helianthus annuus. The plant was grown in a mine calcareous soil treated with increasing concentrations of EDTA or SME in 30 and 10 days before sowing (T1 and T2) and 10 and 30 days after sowing (T3 and T4). The best time for EDTA application was T4. The EDTA application before seed germination significantly reduced sunflower seedling emergence and dry weight. Soil available Pb and lead concentrations in plant organs increased with EDTA concentration but...
Manganese uptake and accumulation in a woody hyperaccumulator, Schima superba
S.X. Yang, H. Deng, M.S. Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2008, 54(10):441-446 | DOI: 10.17221/401-PSE
A wide-spread subtropical tree species, Schima superba (Theaceae), occurring in a Mn mine wasteland, was found to contain unusually high Mn content in the leaf tissues. A pot growth experiment with different Mn treatments was conducted to further illustrate its Mn tolerance, accumulation and relocation capacity. Schima saplings grew well and showed no symptoms of Mn toxicity with Mn supply below 60 mmol/l. Total plant biomass decreased with the increase of Mn supply, but Mn contents in tissues increased significantly, and peaked (62 412.3 mg/kg) in stem at 150 mmol/l treatment. Under all treatments, Mn concentrations in the aboveground...
Geographical patterns of genetic diversity in cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) characterized by amplified fragment length polymorphism
R. Talebi, A.M. Naji, F. Fayaz
Plant Soil Environ., 2008, 54(10):447-452 | DOI: 10.17221/399-PSE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic relationships of 28 chickpea accessions from diverse origin using AFLP markers. On average, 13 polymorphic bands per primer were observed in AFLP analysis. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.71, ranging from 0.48 to 0.92. The lowest and the highest PIC value were recorded for primer P-GAG/M-GC and P-AT/M-GC, respectively. The average GD, based on Fst values among the 21 accessions was 0.42, ranging from 0.61 to 0.16. From the UPGMA dendrogram, it is discernible that material taken for the analysis can be divided in four clusters. The results indicate that the greatest genetic...
Growth and yield of safflower genotypes grown under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions in a highland environment
E. Öztürk, H. Özer, T. Polat
Plant Soil Environ., 2008, 54(10):453-460 | DOI: 10.17221/403-PSE
Producers in highland and semiarid regions have difficulty in increasing diversity in crop rotations due to unfavorable conditions imposed by cool temperatures, inadequate rainfall, and shorter growing periods. In such conditions, safflower appears as a promising alternative because it is cold and drought tolerant. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of the hybrid and open-pollinated safflower genotypes to irrigated and non-irrigated conditions in a highland environment. For this reason, the field research was performed during the years of 2001 and 2002 in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. According to the results of the study, safflower...