Plant, Soil and Environment, 2009 (vol. 55), issue 7
Evaluation of phosphorus mobility in soil using different extraction methods
M. Kulhánek, J. Balík, J. Černý, V. Vaněk
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(7):267-272 | DOI: 10.17221/43/2009-PSE 
Soil samples (from Czech and German long-term field experiments) were used to estimate different soil phosphorus (P) fractions. More than 200 topsoil (0-30 cm) samples from different fertilizing treatments were taken. These were analyzed for P in soil solution (PCaCl2) [0.01M CaCl2 extract], exchangeable sorbed P (Pex) [anion exchange (AE) membranes] and bioavailable P [Doppel-Lactat and Mehlich 3 (PDL and PM3)]. Other fractions analyzed were total inorganic (Pin), total (PM-tot) and organic (Porg) P [fractionation after Marks], P sorbed on Fe and Al (PFeAl)...
Effects of increased ammonia on root/shoot ratio, grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of two wheat varieties with various N supply
Li Jing, Li Shi-Qing, Liu Yi, Chen Xiao-Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(7):273-280 | DOI: 10.17221/52/2009-PSE
The effects of elevated atmospheric NH3 on growth and yield parameters of two winter wheat varieties, the high water and fertilizer-demanding variety Xiaoyan 6 (XY6) and the drought-resistant variety Changhan 58 (CH58), grown with two levels of N fertilization, were studied in Open-Top Chambers. The results showed that in combination with the high N treatment increasing the atmospheric NH3 concentration to 1000 nl/l from the ambient level of 10 nl/l NH3 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the biomass and the root/shoot ratios of the plants, especially in XY6 plants, mainly because it negatively influenced root...
Effect of selected factors on the content of ascorbic acid in potatoes with different tuber flesh colour
K. Hamouz, J. Lachman, P. Dvořák, M. Orsák, K. Hejtmánková, M. Čížek
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(7):281-287 | DOI: 10.17221/82/2009-PSE
In precise field trials in the years 2004-2008 in the Czech Republic the effect of conditions of location, variety and mineral fertilization on ascorbic acid content (AA) in potatoes with different tuber flesh color was investigated. Significant was the effect of variety. The Marabel variety with the highest AA content (248 mg/kg FW) exceeded other eight varieties by 13.4-74.1%. The Valfi variety, in five-year trials the only variety with purple colored flesh, ranked among analyzed varieties moderately below average. In addition, in the year 2008 the group of seven varieties with purple and red tubers was evaluated and AA content lower by 15.2% compared...
Spatial distribution of soil nutrients after the establishment of sand-fixing shrubs on sand dune
X.W. Dong, X.K. Zhang, X.L. Bao, J.K. Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(7):288-294 | DOI: 10.17221/13/2009-PSE
Caragana microphylla Lam., an indigenous leguminous shrub, was the dominant plant species to be used to control desertification in semi-arid Horqin Sandy Land. To elucidate the cover effect of Caragana microphylla planted for 25 years on spatial distribution of soil nutrients including C, N, P and K, soil samples were taken from four soil depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-40 cm) and three slope positions (windward slope, top slope, and leeward slope). Soil nutrients under shrubs (US) and between shrubs (BS) were compared to investigate the enrichment effect of plantation. The results showed that soil nutrients except total K were...
Phytoextraction of cadmium, copper, zinc and mercury by selected plants
L. Kacálková, P. Tlustoš, J. Száková
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(7):295-304 | DOI: 10.17221/100/2009-PSE
During the years 2006 and 2007 the phytoextraction ability of maize (Zea mays), willow-tree (Salix smithiana) and poplar (Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii) to accumulate cadmium, copper, mercury and zinc was investigated. Small scale field experiment was carried out on soil contaminated with chemicals from the waste incineration plant in Hradec Kralové (Czech Republic). Screening of this allotment showed very different contamination of all observed risk elements on places where the material intended to be burnt without safety of leakage into soil. Grown plants showed the different accumulation of observed elements in plant...
Isolation and characterization of ardicrenin from Ardisia crenata Sims
Yuan Ma, Shangrao Pu, Qingsu Cheng, Mingdong Ma
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(7):305-310 | DOI: 10.17221/62/2009-PSE
A new, effective and economical method to extract ardicrenin from Ardisia crenata Sims collected in the Wolong natural reserve, Sichuan, China, is established. Ardisia crenata Sims powder is counter-current extracted with 80% methanol reflux, decompressively enriched and centrifuged to defat. Supernatant is applied to macroporous resin column (AB-8) with 80% methanol, ardicrenin is isolated by silica gel chromatography with dichlormethane-acetoacetate-methanol (4:1.5:1) washing, and recrystallized in methanol. The final product which proved to be ardicrenin by analytic procedure including Furier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet...