Plant, Soil and Environment, 2010 (vol. 56), issue 11
Salt resistance of tomato species grown in sand culture
M. Dogan, R. Tipirdamaz, Y. Demir
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(11):499-507 | DOI: 10.17221/24/2010-PSE 
In this study, Na+, Cl-, K+, Ca2+, chlorophyll and proline levels and the rate of lipid peroxidation level in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA), were investigated in tissues of 15 different tomato cultivars in salt tolerance. As a material, 15 different tomato genotypes were used during a 28-day period and 150 mmol NaCl was applied in sand culture. While one of tomato genotypes was a wild type belonging to Lycopersicum peruvianum, the others were local genotypes belonging to Lycopersicum esculentum L. Better NaCl-stress tolerance in salt-tolerant cultivars as compared to salt-sensitive cultivars...
Effects of cadmium on growth and antioxidant responses in Glycyrrhiza uralensis seedlings
G. Zheng, H.P. Lv, S. Gao, S.R. Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(11):508-515 | DOI: 10.17221/30/2010-PSE
In the present study, Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Leguminosae) seeds were germinated and grown with different concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mmol/l) of cadmium acetate, in order to investigate the effects of cadmium on the growth, uptake, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities in Glycyrrhiza uralensis seedlings. Uptake of Cd in different tissues of seedlings increased with increasing Cd concentrations in the tested medium, with most accumulation in the radicles. Results suggested that increased cadmium concentrations lead to decreased...
Genotypic dependent effect of exogenous glutathione on Cd-induced changes in cadmium and mineral uptake and accumulation in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa)
Y. Cai, L. Lin, W. Cheng, G. Zhang, F. Wu
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(11):516-525 | DOI: 10.17221/107/2010-PSE
A hydroponic experiment was performed using Cd-sensitive (cv. Xiushui63) and tolerant (cv. Bing97252) rice cultivars to evaluate the difference in their response to Cd toxicity in the presence of exogenous glutathione (GSH). The results showed that Cd stress (5 and 50 μmol/l Cd) decreased plant fresh weight, contents of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, with Cd-sensitive genotype being more severely affected. Cd significantly decreased concentration and accumulation of Mn in roots/shoots, and Zn in shoots, but increased Cu concentration in roots/shoots. There was a significantly negative correlation between shoot Zn concentrations and shoot/root...
Soil hydrolase activities and kinetic properties as affected by wheat cropping systems of Northeastern China
Y.L. Zhang, 4, L.J. Chen, C.X. Sun, Z.J. Wu, Z.H. Chen, G.H. Dong
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(11):526-532 | DOI: 10.17221/108/2010-PSE
Agricultural practices that reduce soil degradation and improve agriculture sustainability are important particularly for dry hilly land of Chaoyang County in the Liaoning Province, North-east China, where cinnamon soils are widely distributed and mainly for wheat production. The impacts of 10-year cropping systems (wheat-cabbage sequential cropping, wheat-corn intercrop, wheat-sunflower rotation, wheat-soybean rotation) on soil enzyme properties of surface-soil (0-20 cm) were studied. Total carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur, and nine soil hydrolases related to nutrient availabilities (β-galactosidase, α-galactosidase, β-glucosidase,...
Infrared spectroscopy-based metabolomic analysis of maize growing under different nitrogen nutrition
M. Pavlík, D. Pavlíková, S. Vašíčková
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(11):533-540 | DOI: 10.17221/190/2010-PSE
For metabolomic analysis of maize plants growing under different nitrogen nutrition sequential extraction of fresh biomass was used and isolated fractions were characterized and evaluated using IR spectra. The IR spectra of individual fractions were evaluated in relation to the nitrogen rates (2 g or 4 g N), to applied fertilizers (ammonium nitrogen or urea ammonium nitrate solution) and sampling period. For butanol fraction, typical bands of flavonoids, polar phospholipids, steryl glycosides, analogues of ecdysteroids were characterized. The IR spectra of BuOH fraction showed changes of relative contents of isolated compounds mainly affected by nitrogen...
Population density and soil seed bank of weed beet as influenced by crop sequence and soil tillage
M. Landová, K. Hamouzová, J. Soukup, M. Jursík, J. Holec, G.R. Squire
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(11):541-549 | DOI: 10.17221/1457-PSE
Dynamics of population density and soil seed bank of weed beet was studied in a 5 year crop rotation consisting of spring barley, and sugar beet. Beside the crop rotation experiment, the seeds of weed beet were studied for their dormancy and viability in soil seed bank over the period of four years. The obtained data indicates that weed beet was able to produce seeds only in sugar beet, but not in barley. In sugar beet, its reproductive potential allows weed beet to restore and increase the soil seed bank of glomerules rapidly. Common infestation of sugar beet is able to persist over more than the 2-year period between repeated introductions of sugar...