Plant, Soil and Environment, 2012 (vol. 58), issue 7
Effect of veterinary oxytetracycline on functional diversity of soil microbial community
W. Liu, N. Pan, W. Chen, W. Jiao, M. Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(7):295-301 | DOI: 10.17221/430/2011-PSE 
Effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the functional diversity of soil microbial community with or without vegetation were analyzed in a 7-week greenhouse pot experiment by use of Biolog-Eco plate. Results showed that along with the increase of OTC, average well color development (AWCD) values increased with the peak at 200 ppm OTC, and the utilization of sugar and its derivatives enhanced. The Shannon diversity and the evenness under different OTC levels followed a general order of red amaranth treatments > white clover treatments > no vegetation. The OTC treatments can be distinguished by two principle components. Our findings suggested that...
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with citrus orchards under different types of soil management, southern China
P. Wang, J.J. Zhang, B. Shu, R.X. Xia
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(7):302-308 | DOI: 10.17221/676/2011-PSE
Communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were studied in sod culture (SC), straw mulching (NM), and herbicide treated and no-tillage (NH) citrus orchards, respectively. The highest total colonization rate (39.47%) and hyphal length density (1.15 m/g soil) were found in SC, the highest spore numbers (1024 spores/100 g soil) in NM, while the lowest ones (31.50%, 0.94 m/g soil and 719 spores/100 g soil) in NH and they varied significantly among three different types of orchards. Total 18 AMF species belonging to five families, Acaulosporaceae (four species), Claroideoglomeraceae (two species), Gigasporaceae (one species), Glomeraceae (nine species)...
Effects of exogenous proline and trehalose on physiological responses in rice seedlings during salt-stress and after recovery
N. Nounjan, P. Theerakulpisut
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(7):309-315 | DOI: 10.17221/762/2011-PSE
Two osmoprotectants (proline - Pro; trehalose - Tre) were exogenously supplied to seedlings of rice cvs. Pokkali (PK - salt-tolerant) and Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105 - salt-sensitive) to investigate their effects on plants exposed to 200 mmol/L NaCl for 6 days and 5 days after recovery from stress. The reduction of growth, increase in Na+ to K+ ratio, high level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase - SOD, peroxidase - POX, catalase - CAT and ascorbate peroxidase - APX) were observed in both rice cultivars under NaCl treatments. Exogenous Pro and...
Sulfur specification in bulk soil as influenced by long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers
S. Förster, G. Welp, H.W. Scherer
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(7):316-321 | DOI: 10.17221/32/2012-PSE
A field experiment established in 1962 on a luvisol derived from loess was chosen to investigate the effect of long-term application of farmyard manure, compost and sewage sludge, respectively, in two increments on inorganic and organic S fractions in bulk soil. Compared with mineral fertilizer, the high application rates of the different organic fertilizers (10 t farmyard manure (FYM2), 29 t compost (COM2), 7.44 t sewage sludge (SS2)/ha/year, respectively), resulted in an increase of the total S content in the bulk soil: 220 mg/kg (FYM2), 298 mg/kg (COM2), 277 mg/kg soil (SS2) as compared to the control (MIN) with 158 mg/kg soil. The sum of water...
Fruit quality attributes of blackberry grown under limited environmental conditions
T. Milošević, N. Milošević, I. Glišić, J. Mladenović
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(7):322-327 | DOI: 10.17221/33/2012-PSE
Fruit quality attributes were studied for two consecutive years in seven blackberry cultivars grown in a Serbian climate and on acidic soil. Physical parameters [berry weight (BW), size and shape] and chemical parameters [soluble solids content (SSC), acidity, total phenolic (TPH) and flavonoid content (TFC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] were evaluated. A high variability was found in the set of the evaluated blackberry cultivars and significant differences were found among them in all studied quality attributes. Year-by-year variations were observed for all quality traits, except berry length (L) and berry shape index (BSI). A high correlation...
Potassium release kinetics and its correlation with pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plant indices
A.R. Hosseinpur, H.R. Motaghian, M.H. Salehi
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(7):328-333 | DOI: 10.17221/70/2012-PSE
The rate of potassium (K) release from soils is a dynamic process, and it is important to the evaluation of soil K availability to plant. The objectives of this study were to determine K release characteristics and the correlation of these parameters with bean plant indices in surface soils of 15 calcareous soils. The kinetics of K release was determined by successive extraction with 0.01 mol/L CaCl2 in a period of 2-2017 h at 25 ± 1°C. The results showed that the cumulative K release ranged from 111 to 411 mg/kg. A plot of cumulative amount of K released showed a discontinuity in slope at 168 h. Thus, two equations were applied...
Tolerance to mechanical damage in ten herbaceous grassland plant species
L. Breitsameter, K. Küchenmeister, F. Küchenmeister, J. Isselstein
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(7):334-339 | DOI: 10.17221/242/2012-PSE
The establishment of plants with high damage tolerance may provide a means for soil protection on sites exposed to strong disturbance. In a pot experiment, we investigated the tolerance to mechanical strain of ten grassland plant species representing three growth form groups (cespitose: Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, Taraxacum officinale; rhizomatous: Achillea millefolium, Elymus repens, Poa pratensis; stoloniferous: Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra rubra, Poa supina, Trifolium repens). We hypothesised that growth form and pre-disturbance biomass allocation...