Plant, Soil and Environment, 2017 (vol. 63), issue 9
Season, location and cultivar influence on bioactive compounds of sour cherry fruitsOriginal Paper
Marija VILJEVAC VULETIĆ, Krunoslav DUGALIĆ, Ines MIHALJEVIĆ, Vesna TOMAŠ, Dominik VUKOVIĆ, Zvonimir ZDUNIĆ, Boris PUŠKAR, Zorica JURKOVIĆ
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(9):389-395 | DOI: 10.17221/472/2017-PSE 
The aim of this study was to determine how different locations, years and cultivars influenced polyphenol and anthocyanin content in fruits of different sour cherry cultivars (Prunus cerasus L.). Fruits of five sour cherry cultivars were harvested in two locations (Osijek and Zadar) over three consecutive years (2010, 2011 and 2012). Factorial ANOVA showed that year and location significantly influenced the accumulation of polyphenols and anthocyanins in sour cherry fruits. 2010 was the best year with 9.89 mg/g of polyphenols and 5.08 mg/g of anthocyanins on average. Although year and location revealed a strong influence, cultivar is the principal...
Application of the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio in evaluation of paddy rice nitrogen statusOriginal Paper
Jian YANG, Lin DU, Wei GONG, Jia SUN, Shuo SHI, Biwu CHEN
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(9):396-401 | DOI: 10.17221/460/2017-PSE
In this research, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique combined with back-propagation neural network (BPNN) was employed to analyse different nitrogen (N) fertilization levels in paddy rice. Leaf fluorescence characteristics (FLCs) were measured by using the LIF system built in our laboratory and exhibited different FLCs with different nitrogen fertilization levels. The correlation between fluorescence intensity ratios (F685/F460, F735/F460 and F735/F685) and the dose of N fertilization was established and analysed. Then, the BPNN algorithm was utilized to validate that the different N fertilization levels can be classified based on the three...
Toxic elements and energy accumulation in topsoil and plants of spruce ecosystemsOriginal Paper
Margita KUKLOVÁ, Helena HNILIČKOVÁ, František HNILIČKA, Ivica PIVKOVÁ, Ján KUKLA
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(9):402-408 | DOI: 10.17221/364/2017-PSE
The objective of this research was to evaluate trends and relationships of energy and toxic elements accumulation in A-horizon (the depth of 0-5 cm) of soils and in selected plants of the hemioligotrophic (Dystric Cambisols) and oligotrophic (Skeletic-Rustic Podzols) spruce ecosystems situated along transect (750-1110 m a.s.l.) in the NP Slovenský raj (Eastern Slovakia). The results showed that EU limit values of risk elements in agricultural soils were exceeded for Cu and Cd at the altitude of 750-760 m a.s.l., and in case of Cd also above 1000 m a.s.l. Relationship between energy and toxic elements in soils revealed that with an increasing amount...
Effect of adjuvants on the dissipation, efficacy and selectivity of three different pre-emergent sunflower herbicidesOriginal Paper
Jiří ANDR, Martin KOČÁREK, Miroslav JURSÍK, Veronika FENDRYCHOVÁ, Lukáš TICHÝ
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(9):409-415 | DOI: 10.17221/365/2017-PSE
The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy, selectivity to sunflower and dissipation of three pre-emergent herbicides. Flurochloridone, linuron and oxyfluorfen were applied individually and each herbicide was also applied in a tank mix with two different adjuvants (a silicon-based adjuvant and paraffin oil). Small-plot field trials were carried out with sunflower in Central Bohemia in 2012 and 2015. Around 25-35% of the active ingredients in the applied herbicides were detected in soil 60 days after application in both years, except for oxyfluorfen in 2012, whose residual concentration was 60%. The tested soil adjuvants did not affect the dissipation...
Responses of rice yield and the fate of fertilizer nitrogen to soil organic carbonOriginal Paper
Weifu PENG, Yongjun ZENG, Qinghua SHI, Shan HUANG
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(9):416-421 | DOI: 10.17221/389/2017-PSE
Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a critical role in rice production, but its feedback to the fate of fertilizer nitrogen (N) is not clear. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the responses of rice yield and the fate of fertilizer N to different SOC levels using 15N-labelled urea. The results showed that rice biomass, yield and the total N uptake increased significantly with increasing SOC content. Both rice N uptake from soil and urea increased significantly with increasing SOC content. The recovery rate and residual rate of fertilizer N improved significantly with increasing SOC content, leading to a reduced rate...
Potassium impact on nitrogen use efficiency in potato - a case study from the Central-East EuropeOriginal Paper
Witold GRZEBISZ, Pavel ČERMÁK, Evan RROCO, Witold SZCZEPANIAK, Jarosław POTARZYCKI, György FÜLEKY
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(9):422-427 | DOI: 10.17221/344/2017-PSE
Potato yield is affected by an interaction between nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) supply. This hypothesis was verified in a series of field experiments conducted during 2010-2013 in Albania (AL), Czech Republic (CZ) and Poland (PL). The two-factorial experiment was founded on relative scales of K (0, 50, 100, and 150%), and N application rates (75% and 100%) of the recommended doses, which were country-specific. The average tuber yield was doubled for AL, increased by 50% for PL, and by 15% for the CZ in response to K and N interaction. These differences are caused by an increase in the apparent nitrogen efficiency (ANE), which rose significantly by...
Are intensification and winter wheat yield increase efficient?Original Paper
Jan KŘEN, Martin HOUŠŤ, Ludvík TVARŮŽEK, Zdeněk JERGL
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(9):428-434 | DOI: 10.17221/482/2017-PSE
The results of small-plot field trials of international comparisons of a series of crop management practices for winter wheat grown during 2014-2016 on fertile soils of Central Moravia were assessed. The objective of the experiments was to obtain the highest gross margin (GM), which is the difference between revenues and direct costs. The analyses showed that an optimal level of inputs and costs for obtaining the highest GM could exist. In the assessed series of crop management practices, the optimum input costs corresponded to 11 000-12 000 CZK/ha and 6-9 input measures. At high levels of grains (above 10 t/ha), higher values of GM were obtained by...