Plant, Soil and Environment, 2021 (vol. 67), issue 5
Comparison of soil organic matter composition under different land uses by DRIFT spectroscopyOriginal Paper
Saven Thai, Lenka Pavlů, Václav Tejnecký, Petra Vokurková, Shahin Nozari, Luboš Borůvka
Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(5):255-263 | DOI: 10.17221/11/2021-PSE 
The study aimed to estimate and characterise soil organic matter under different land uses (cropland, grassland, and forest) and soil depths. The soil organic matter composition of the soil was assessed by diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFT). Humic and fulvic acids (HAs, FAs) were extracted from soils and their compositions were evaluated by DRIFT. Low molecular mass organic acids content was also measured. Our result revealed that the largest differences of the spectra in the composition of organic matter were observed in the upper parts of the soil profile. The forest soil spectra had more intense aliphatic bands, carboxylic, and CH...
Different impacts of an electron shuttle on nitrate- and nitrite-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane in paddy soilOriginal Paper
Yaohong Zhang, Fangyuan Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(5):264-269 | DOI: 10.17221/579/2020-PSE
Quinones, redox-active functional groups in soil organic matter, can act as electron shuttles for microbial anaerobic transformation. Here, we used 13CH4 to trace 13C conversion (13C-CO2 + 13C-SOC) to investigate the influence of an artificial electron shuttle (anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate, AQDS) on denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) in paddy...
Biological nitrification inhibition and forage productivity of Megathyrsus maximus in Colombian dry tropicsOriginal Paper
Juliana Isabel Carvajal-Tapia, Sandra Morales-Velasco, Daniel M. Villegas, Jacobo Arango, Nelson Jose Vivas-Quila
Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(5):270-277 | DOI: 10.17221/445/2020-PSE
Agronomic, nutritional, and environmental aspects are integrated to promote sustainable tropical grassland production. Biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) is a plant-based strategy to improve nitrogen use efficiency by grasses in which they suppress the pace of soil nitrification via exudation of inhibitory compounds. To evaluate the effect of BNI on the productive performance of Megathyrsus maximus under field conditions, we evaluated a collection of 27 germplasm accessions and commercial cultivars of the forage grass in the dry tropics of Colombia. We measured plant yield dry matter, nutrition quality parameters, and nitrification...
Impact of fertilisers on soil properties and biomass yield under a long-term sweet sorghum cropping systemOriginal Paper
Kuerban Zaituniguli, Tuerhong Tuerxun, Tu Zhendong, Yilahong Aikebaier
Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(5):278-285 | DOI: 10.17221/472/2020-PSE
A continuous long-term field experiment (2008-2018) was conducted in Xinjiang, north-western China, to assess the impact of farmyard manure (FYM) and inorganic fertilisers on the sustainable biomass yield of sweet sorghum cultivar (Xingaoliang No. 3) and soil chemical properties. Seven treatments, associated with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), FYM, and their different combination, were compared with the control plot (CK). As a result, the treatments NP, PK, NK, NPK and NPKM significantly increased the average biomass yields by 30-48% over CK. The 12 t/ha FYM per year with NPK (NPKM) increased both the yield and total...
Characterisation of Bt maize IE09S034 in decomposition and response of soil bacterial communitiesOriginal Paper
Xiaoli Zhou, Jingang Liang, Ying Luan, Xinyuan Song3, Zhengguang Zhang
Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(5):286-298 | DOI: 10.17221/629/2020-PSE
Returning straw to the soil is an effective way to improve the soil quality. As genetically modified (GM) crops experience expanded growing scales, returning straw to the soil could also be necessary. However, the impact of GM crop straws on soil safety remains unclear. The environment (including soil types, humidity and temperature) can result in a significant difference in the diversity of soil bacterial communities. Here, we compared the impacts of the straw from Bt maize IE09S034 (IE) and near-isogenic non-Bt maize Zong31 (CK) on soil bacterial community and microbial metabolic activity in three different environments. Sampling was carried out...
Comparison of energy inputs and energy efficiency for maize in a long-term tillage experiment under Pannonian climate conditionsOriginal Paper
Gerhard Moitzi, Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner, Hans-Peter Kaul, Helmut Wagentristl
Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(5):299-306 | DOI: 10.17221/67/2021-PSE
Sustainable crop production requires an efficient usage of fossil energy. This six-year study on a silt loam soil (chernozem) analysed the energy efficiency of four tillage systems (mouldboard plough 25-30 cm, deep conservation tillage 35 cm, shallow conservation tillage 8-10 cm, no-tillage). Fuel consumption, total energy input (made up of both direct and indirect input), grain of maize yield, energy output, net-energy output, energy intensity and energy use efficiency were considered. The input rates of fertiliser, herbicides and seeds were set constant; measured values of fuel consumption were used for all tillage operations. Total fuel consumption...
Arsenic accumulation, speciation and bioavailability in rice cultivated in arsanilic acid exposed soilOriginal Paper
Wanling He, Xiaoli Li, Shu Guo, Longbang Yang, Dong Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2021, 67(5):307-316 | DOI: 10.17221/10/2021-PSE
The present study used various amounts of P-arsanilic acid (AsA) in pot experiments to evaluate the effects of AsA on arsenic (As) accumulation, speciation and meanwhile using the in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model to evaluate the bioavailability of As in rice. The results indicated a linear relationship between As in rice and As in soil, and at 75 mg AsA/kg of soil, As content in rice exceeded the statutory permissible limit of 0.2 mg As/kg dry weight in China. Speciation studies indicated that inorganic As (Asi), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) were the main As species in rice. Bioavailability of As experiment...