Plant, Soil and Environment - Latest articles
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The effect of deep-tillage depths on crop yield: A global meta-analysis
Shangshu Huang, Mahbub Ul Islam, Fahui Jiang
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(3):105-117 | DOI: 10.17221/373/2022-PSE 
The tillage depth plays a critical role in solving soil compaction - a global problem of soil degradation. However, to date, there are few research reported about tillage depth, and the standard of optimum tillage depth is lacking. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of tillage depths on crop yield across a global scale, and then to analysis their influence factors such as local climate, soil properties, and managements. Moreover, a global distribution of the optimal tillage depths was estimated by using a random-forest model. Overall, our result demonstrated that crop yield first increased within tillage depths from 25 to...
Jasmonic acid biosynthetic inhibitor ibuprofen inhibits the accumulation of ascorbic acid in strawberry fruit induced by lanthanum nitrate
Haifang Dai, Damiao Yuan, Changjuan Shan
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(3):95-104 | DOI: 10.17221/384/2022-PSE
By using jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthetic inhibitor ibuprofen (IBU), we investigated the roles of JA in the process of lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3)-regulated ascorbic acid (AsA) content and metabolic enzymes responsible for AsA metabolism in strawberry fruit. Findings demonstrated that La(NO3)3 markedly improved AsA content by enhancing the activities and transcript levels of glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) and L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH), and inhibiting the activities and transcript levels of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and ascorbic acid oxidase (AAO). In comparison...
Phosphorus behavior under long-term fertilization in the intensive rice cultivation system
Vu Van Long, Chau Minh Khoi, Doan Thi Truc Linh, Nguyen Van Qui, Nguyen Minh Dong, Ben Macdonald
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(2):88-94 | DOI: 10.17221/411/2022-PSE
Advocating proper phosphorus (P) fertilisation is necessary to save this limited natural resource and to save the investment in rice cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate changes in phosphorus availability, total phosphorus in soil, phosphorus buffering capacity, and phosphorus saturation in the long-term phosphorus fertilisation in the paddy rice system. Soil samples were collected in the harvest stage after seven consecutive crops over three years at Can Tho city, Vietnam. The applied phosphorus fertiliser rates were: no phosphorus fertilisation (P0), 17.4 kg P/ha (P17.4), and 26.2 kg P/ha as farmer’s practice (P26.2). The results showed...
First cases of herbicide resistance of Tripleurospermum inodorum in the Czech Republic
Jaromír Šuk, Jakub Mikulka, Madhab Kumar Sen, Pavlína Košnarová, Kateřina Hamouzová, Josef Soukup
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(2):81-87 | DOI: 10.17221/427/2022-PSE
Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. is one of the most economically important and yield-reducing weeds in cereals in Europe. Random and systematic monitoring of this weed might provide an early warning for the farmers and slow down the pace of the evolution of herbicide resistance. This study aimed to identify resistant populations of T. inodorum in the Czech Republic and elucidate their possible resistance mechanism/s. Monitoring and screening of T. inodorum for herbicide resistance against acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and synthetic auxins was carried out. Greenhouse experiments and molecular-genetics studies were...
A preliminary study on suitability of growing ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) in western Himalayan region
Swati Walia, Pawan Kumar, Dinesh Kumar, Rakesh Kumar
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(2):71-80 | DOI: 10.17221/288/2022-PSE
Panax ginseng Meyer is one of Asia’s most popular medicinal plants, with triterpene saponins as principal bioactive compounds. The present study investigates the possibility of ginseng cultivation in Lahaul & Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India in the Western Himalayas focusing on growth characteristics, and ginsenoside content in the roots. Plant growth parameters increased with an increase in the crop age and reached maximum maturity at the age of five years along with the production of a good amount of seeds and roots. Root fresh and dry weight of the five-year-old plant was 142.6 g and 45.5 g, respectively, which almost doubled as compared...
The effect of drip irrigation for potatoes on soil nitrogen dynamics
Milan Čížek, Andrea Svobodová, Jiří Zámečník, Pavel Kasal, Daniel Vejchar
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(2):55-61 | DOI: 10.17221/422/2022-PSE
The effects of potato drip irrigation on soil nitrogen dynamics and potato yield was studied in small-plot field trials. The trials were evaluated at during three experimental times seasons (2016-2018). Four variants of irrigation were determined, ie non-irrigated, 60, 65 and 70 ASWC (Available Soil Water Capacity). At the same time, two pre-planting fertilization dates were set at a maximum of 120 kg N/ha a in divided i.e. 60 kg N/ha before planting and 60 kg N/ha by fertigation during vegetation. Pre-planting crop fertilization or in-season fertigation did not have any significant effect on the potato yields of most variants. In all studied parameters,...
Short-term effects of tillage and leaf mulch on soil properties and sunflower yield under semi-arid conditions
Koena Rivonia Selolo, Jestinos Mzezewa, Jude Julius Odhiambo
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(2):55-61 | DOI: 10.17221/160/2022-PSE
A study was conducted at the University of Venda Experimental Farm, Limpopo province, South Africa to determine the effects of tillage and mulching on selected soil properties, and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications during the 2018/19 and 2019/20 cropping seasons. Treatments consisted of conventional tillage (CT) and minimum tillage (MT) and three levels of avocado leaf mulch (0, 6 and 12 t/ha). Bulk density (BD), aggregate stability (AS), infiltration rate (IR), soil water content (SWC) and grain yield were determined. Tillage had no significant effect on BD in either...
Impacts and mechanisms of biochar on soil microorganisms
Kai Huang, Jun Zhang, Guangming Tang, Da Bao, Tangyu Wang, Deping Kong
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(2):45-54 | DOI: 10.17221/348/2022-PSE
Biochar is a carbonaceous material derived from the pyrolysis of carbon-rich biomass that has attracted increasing research and attention because of its ability to enhance soil carbon storage, increase soil fertility, fix and transform pollutants in soil, and improve the soil environment. These enhancements directly or indirectly affect soil microorganisms’ metabolic activities and community structure. This paper reviews the effects of biochar on soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, nutrients, contaminants, and related microbial activities. In addition, this work summarises the possible mechanisms involved in the interaction between...
Organic fertilization induces changes in soil nitrogen mineralization and enzyme activities
María Rosa Yagüe, Carmen Lobo, Pilar García
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(1):38-43 | DOI: 10.17221/274/2022-PSE
In this study, we addressed the reuse of two organic waste products as fertilisers. To this end, soil fertilised with the spent mushroom substrate (SMS) or with an anaerobic digestate (DIG) was subjected to an incubation assay, and the results were compared with those from soil treated with a mineral fertiliser (MIN) and an unfertilised soil (CO). The soil was sampled after fertilisation and after 90 days of aerobic incubation. Nitrogen (N) mineralisation (NH4+ and NO3–) and oxidable carbon (OC) were determined. The impact of the treatments on the soil was evaluated by measuring the enzymatic activity of arylsulfatase (ARYL), ß-galactosidase...
Combined effect of nitrogen and phosphorous fertiliser on nitrogen absorption and utilisation in rice
Yating Zheng, Hong Chen, Guotao Yang, Rudan Wang, Nabi Farhan, Chong Li, Cheng Liang, Kaiqin Shen, Xuechun Wang, Yungao Hu
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(1):25-37 | DOI: 10.17221/420/2022-PSE
The objectives of this study were to investigate the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) balance fertilization strategy in paddy fields, and to evaluate the effects on N uptake and utilization in rice. In 2017-2018, the experiment was conducted using Deyou4727 hybrid rice with four different P fertilizer levels (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg/ha), marked as P0, P1, P2, P3 in turn, and four different N levels (0, 90, 150, and 270 kg/ha), similarly marked as N0, N1, N2, N3 in turn. The results showed that in the N-insufficient (N0, N1) environments, the P1 treatment increased N uptake and promoted transfer to the grain. However, high-P (P3) application increased the...
Adaptation analysis of insect-resistant transgenic line after introducing mcry1F gene in maize
Daming Wang, Junqi Yin, Fengci Wu, Baifeng Wang, Zhilei Jiang, Jingang Liang, Xinyuan Song
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(1):18-24 | DOI: 10.17221/286/2022-PSE
The ability to adapt, survive, and compete with weeds of transgenic plants is the necessary evaluation content to release transgenic lines in target regions. We compared weediness and agronomic traits of transgenic maize lines G1F-8 and G1F-19 carrying the mcry1F gene with their near-isogenic maize inbred line Zheng 58 in the wasteland and cultivated field under natural conditions for two consecutive years. The results showed that there was no significant difference identified in the species, quantity, and relative coverage ratio (RCR) of weeds between fields with G1F-8, G1F-19, and Zheng 58, regardless of the sowing pattern in the wasteland. Compared...
The role of halotolerant N-fixing bacteria on rice agronomic traits on saline soils by path analysis
Mieke Rochimi Setiawati, Betty Natalie Fitriatin, Diyan Herdiyantoro, Toto Bustomi, Fiqriah Hanum Khumairah, Nicky Oktav Fauziah, Tualar Simarmata
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(1):10-17 | DOI: 10.17221/386/2022-PSE
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) play a significant role in saline soil ecosystems. However, little is known about the correlation between NFB application on growth and yield components of rice plants on saline soils. Exploration and experimental methods were performed to obtain the potential of NFB from a rice field in saline soil and reinoculated in a pot experiment. The experiment was arranged as a randomised block design consisting of 8 treatments, namely inoculation application (control and seed treatments with 20 g inoculant/kg of seed) combined with soil application dosage (0, 500, 1 000 and 1 500 g/ha). The results showed that grain yield increased...
Comparison of potassium quantity-intensity relationships in tropical paddy soil under tillage and no-tillage systems after fifteen growing seasons
Soni Isnaini, Maryati, A. Arivin Rivaie
Plant Soil Environ., 2023, 69(1):1-9 | DOI: 10.17221/337/2022-PSE
The information on the behaviour of potassium (K+) in tropical paddy rice soils, which is important for a better understanding of the plant availability of K+ is still very limited. We compared the quantity-intensity (Q/I) relationships for K+ under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems in tropical paddy fields in the absence and presence of K+ fertiliser in the addition of nitrogen. The results showed that the values of the activity ratio for K (ARK) and potential buffering capacities (PBCK) in the no-tillage rice field were respectively 16% and 33% higher than that in the conventional tillage field. With the addition of K fertiliser, the value...