Plant, Soil and Environment - Latest articles
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Alleviating cadmium toxicity in maize plants: role of glycine betaine in enhancing growth, photosynthetic efficiency, water status, and antioxidant defense mechanism
Abeer Hamdy Elhakem
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(10):617-631 | DOI: 10.17221/66/2024-PSE 
The issue of heavy metals (HMs) contamination poses a significant challenge in the environment, exerting a severe impact on the growth and productivity of crops. Cadmium (Cd) is specifically identified as the seventh heavy metal among the top 20 pollutants, primarily due to its elevated phytotoxicity and its solubility in water. In the current study, foliar application of glycine betaine (GB) (500 µmol) investigated the toxic effects of cadmium in maize plants subjected to two Cd concentrations (50 and 100 µmol) as CdCl2. The maize plants exposed to Cd stress exhibited a massive reduction in growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments [chlorophyll...
Response of maize (Zea mays L.) on yield, physiology and stomatal behaviour under two different elevated CO2 concentrations. Do these anatomical changes affect the physiology of the C4 crop plant under high CO2 conditions?
Khan Ira, Vanaja Maddi, Sathish Poldasari, Faizan Mohammad, Soysal Sipan, Rajput Vishnu D., Djalovic Ivica, Trivan Goran, Alam Pravej
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(10):601-616 | DOI: 10.17221/105/2024-PSE
Rising CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is a matter of global concern and poses apprehension about how plants will adapt to the changing environment. Various studies have proved that under high CO2 levels, plant physiology alters and affects plant functioning. However, under elevated CO2, the stomatal characters and their relation with physiological responses are still not yet clear. To find out these changes in the stomatal parameters at ambient and two elevated CO2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) levels, four genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.) viz. DHM-117, Harsha, Varun and M-24 were grown in open-top chambers....
γ-aminobutyric acid enhances the antioxidant defense system and photosynthetic performance of wheat seedlings under cadmium stress
Yuanzhi Fu
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(9):590-599 | DOI: 10.17221/199/2024-PSE
In this paper, I elucidated the influence of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on wheat cadmium (Cd) tolerance. Research results manifested that Cd stress increased superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents. However, Cd stress decreased AsA/ dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and GSH/oxidised glutathione (GSSG) ratios, and inhibited photosynthetic performance and plant growth. Compared to Cd alone, GABA plus Cd improved wheat Cd tolerance by increasing the activities of above antioxidant enzymes, AsA and GSH contents, and AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG...
Dynamics of Cry1Ac protein and soil enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of transgenic Bt oilseed rape
Zhengjun Guan, Wei Wei, Yanlin Huo, C. Neal Stewart Jr., Zhixi Tang
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(9):580-589 | DOI: 10.17221/330/2024-PSE
In this study, three insect-resistant transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) oilseed rape events (GT1, GT5 and GT9) under field conditions were utilised to analyse the dynamics of Cry1Ac protein and the changes in soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic Bt plants during different growth stages over two successive cultivation years. The results indicated that compared to the non-transgenic control plant cv. Westar, the amount of Cry1Ac protein in the rhizosphere soil of the three transgenic oilseed rape events was significantly higher during the flowering and podding stages in the first cultivation year. Additionally,...
Effects of cultivation duration of the crop and growth stages on rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and microbial communities of ginseng under forest
Yuchi Zhao, Qiuyu Wang, Shuaiqi Feng, Yang Zhang, Weiwei Dong, Wenxiu Ji
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(9):562-579 | DOI: 10.17221/250/2024-PSE
In this study, Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S and ITS2 rRNA genes were used to determine the dynamic changes in bacterial and fungal communities and soil properties and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of ginseng under forest after 5, 10 and 15 years of cultivation and different growth stages. Results showed that the changes were particularly prominent in 10-year-old ginseng under forest, and the trends of organic carbon, alkaline hydrolysed nitrogen, and available potassium were extremely similar in different duration of the crop, especially in the middle stage of rapid root growth, when soil nutrient consumption was severe, and soil enzyme...
Roots of Lupinus angustifolius L. and enzyme activities in soil contaminated by toxic elements
Milan Novák, Veronika Zemanová, Jindřich Černý, Daniela Pavlíková
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(9):552-561 | DOI: 10.17221/194/2024-PSE
The impact of toxic elements (TEs) contaminating the root zone of Lupinus angustifolius L. on enzymatic activities, nitrification rate, and changes in the root system was evaluated. Lupine was cultivated in a pot experiment using two types of soil – control and contamination (with a high degree of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) contamination). After harvesting lupine biomass, enzyme activities (β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, arylsulphatase, lipase, chitinase, cellobiohydrolase, alanine aminopeptidase, and leucine aminopeptidase) in soils were analysed. Enzyme activities decreased with TE soil contamination....
Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of four sorghum genotypes under drought stress and rehydratation
František Hnilička, Helena Hniličková, Tomáš Rýgl
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(9):543-551 | DOI: 10.17221/292/2024-PSE
Water deficit (drought) is an important environmental factor affecting physiological processes in plants. The present work focuses on the study of changes in physiological responses of juvenile plants (plants in the vegetative phase of growth BBCH 14–16) of selected sorghum genotypes Dokok, 30485, Barnard Red and Ruzrok to water deficit and after rehydration. Water deficit affected the observed physiological parameters – gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. Genotypic differences were also confirmed, with Dokok appearing to be the more sensitive genotype and Ruzrok and Barnard Red appearing to be tolerant. Following rehydration, these...
Effects of controlled irrigation on global warming potential based on CH4, N2O and CO2 fluxes in plateau paddy field
Shufang Wang, Hongchun Bi, Liping Wang, Jing Wang, Ying Wang, Lihong Chen
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(9):535-542 | DOI: 10.17221/453/2023-PSE
A suitable irrigation pattern is of great significance for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, field experiments and a denitrification-decomposition (DNDC) model were used to study the global warming potential based on CH4, N2O and CO2 fluxes under flooding irrigation and controlled irrigation in paddy fields in the Erhai Lake basin. The results showed that the average value of CH4 flux under controlled irrigation was lower than that under flooding irrigation, with a reduction range of 43.21% to 48.88%, however, the average value of the N2O and CO2 fluxes from paddy field...
Rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil organic carbon and its labile fractions in alpine desertified grassland affected by vegetation restoration
Chuanyu Zhou, Hongyu Qian, Aiyang Liu, Yufu Hu, Wei Wang, Gang Chen, Zhi Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(8):523-533 | DOI: 10.17221/106/2024-PSE
Grasslands are the predominant land use type in China, which is currently encountering significant desertification issues. Consequently, restoring grassland vegetation has important implications for terrestrial carbon (C) levels and, consequently, the global C balance. This study focused on Salix cupularis, the primary plant used for desert control on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We analysed the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil up to the depth of 60 cm after Salix cupularis growth for 0–24 years, examining soil total organic carbon (TOC) and its labile fractions. Following restoration, there was a gradual increase in TOC...
Effect of the combination of nitrapyrin and gamma-aminobutyric acid on soil nitrogen transformation characteristics and rice yield
Furong Xiao, Chen Feng, Dongpo Li, Lili Zhang, Yonghua Li, Yandi Du, Yan Xue, Ping Gong, Yuchao Song, Ke Zhang, Yiji Zhang
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(8):509-522 | DOI: 10.17221/95/2024-PSE
When 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine (nitrapyrin) is applied alone, it typically does not significantly increase crop yield. Therefore, we combined gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with nitrapyrin to address the limitations of nitrapyrin in enhancing yield. We conducted indoor incubation experiments and pot experiments in Chernozem and Calcic Kastanozem, respectively. The results demonstrated that GABA exerted an influence on the effectiveness of nitrapyrin by altering its degradation rate. In Chernozem, GABA accelerated nitrapyrin degradation, whereas, in Calcic Kastanozem, the results were the opposite. The pot experiment results showed that...
The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in refining plant photosynthesis and water status under drought stress: a meta-analysis
Murugesan Chandrasekaran
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(8):502-508 | DOI: 10.17221/27/2024-PSE
Due to increased climate change, crop productivity worldwide is in danger. Drought stress is considered one of the major environmental factors in relation to world food security. Previous studies showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation alleviates drought stress in various plants. However, whether AMF inoculation efficiency is based on gas exchange or water status and whether the effects differ among plants and AMF species remain unclear. To evaluate the effect of AMF on drought stress alleviation, a meta-analysis was conducted based on random-effect models accounting for effect size variation. Results revealed that photosynthetic...
Effects of dose nitrogen on yield and global warming potential in a typical rice-wheat rotation system in China
Shujie Miao, Yinzheng Ma, Yue Wu, Yunfa Qiao
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(8):492-501 | DOI: 10.17221/25/2024-PSE
A three-year field experiment was carried out to investigate the methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and calculate the global warming potential (GWP) according to all energy input in response to the nitrogen (N) rate in the typical rice-wheat rotation system in Jiangsu, China. Four N treatments, including R220W180 (local practice), R220W140 (cutting 10% total N in wheat season), R180W180 (cutting 10% total N in rice season) and R180W140 (cutting 20% total N in rice and wheat seasons separately), were designed in the study. Results showed that annual CH4 emission was decreased by 25.7% in response to cutting...
Poly-glutamic acid reinforces wheat cadmium tolerance by modulating ascorbic acid and glutathione metabolism
Limin Wu, Qiumei Zhang, Ninghai Lu
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(8):483-491 | DOI: 10.17221/154/2024-PSE
We investigated the influence of poly-glutamic acid (PGA) on ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) metabolism in leaves of wheat seedlings under cadmium (Cd) stress. The results showed that Cd stress enhanced ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase activities, and increased AsA and GSH contents. Whereas Cd reduced AsA/dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and GSH/oxidised glutathione (GSSG) ratios and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage (EL). Meanwhile, Cd stress improved Cd accumulation and...
Integrated effect of irrigation rate and plant density on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of maize
Miodrag Tolimir, Branka Kresović, Katarina Gajić, Violeta Anđelković, Milan Brankov, Marijana Dugalić, Boško Gajić
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(8):475-482 | DOI: 10.17221/155/2024-PSE
We investigated, under field conditions and during four years (2018–2021) the effects of five irrigation levels (T1: 100% of crop water requirement; T2: 80% of T1; T3: 60% of T1; T4: 40% of T1, and T5: 0% of T1 – rainfed) in interaction with three planting densities (PD1: 54 900, PD2: 64 900, and PD3 75 200 plants/ha) on the yield, yield components and water use efficiency (WUE) of maize in Srem, Serbia. The results indicate a large year-to-year variability, mainly due to the total amount and distribution of rainfall. Water regime and PD interacted significantly. Irrigation increased grain yield 28, 34, 30 and 18% for treatments T1, T2,...
Biostimulants and herbicides shape the structure of potato tuber yield
Krystyna Zarzecka, Marek Gugała
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(7):468-473 | DOI: 10.17221/103/2024-PSE
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of three biostimulants and a herbicide on selected unit parameters of potato yield. The research results came from a three-year field experiment that was established using the randomised sub-blocks method in three replications. In the experiment, two cultivars of edible potato were grown and the yield-protective effect of treatments was assessed: (1) control object without protection with preparations; (2) herbicide clomazone + metribuzin; (3) biostimulant PlonoStart and herbicide clomazone + metribuzin; (4) biostimulant Aminoplant and herbicide clomazone + metribuzin, and (5) biostimulant Agro-Sorb Folium...
Poly-glutamic acid mitigates the negative effects of salt stress on wheat seedlings by regulating the photosynthetic performance, water physiology, antioxidant metabolism and ion homeostasis
Qidi Zhu, Yanyan Li, Niuniu Zhang, Yilin Wu, Xingqi Ou
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(7):454-467 | DOI: 10.17221/114/2024-PSE
o uncover the regulatory metabolism of poly-glutamic acid (PGA) in protecting wheat crops against salt stress (SS) at the physiological level, we utilised hydroponic experiments to explore the roles of PGA in regulating the photosynthetic performance, water physiology, antioxidant metabolism and ion homeostasis of wheat seedlings exposed to SS for 10 days. The findings demonstrated that SS inhibited the photosynthetic performance of wheat seedlings. In contrast, different doses of PGA all improved the photosynthetic performance, especially for 0.3% PGA. Compared with SS, 0.3% PGA plus SS decreased nonphotochemical quenching (qN) by 26.3%...
Adjusting the sowing date of fresh maize to promote grain filling, key starch synthesis enzymes, and yield
Lin An, Hailong Wei, Yi Cheng, Jun Zou, Jin Zuo, Dailing Liu, Bi Song
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(7):438-453 | DOI: 10.17221/490/2023-PSE
Clarifying the effects of meteorological factors on the growth and development of fresh maize after delayed sowing is important for selecting appropriate sowing dates and improving yield. Six sowing dates (B1 (March 10); B2 (March 20); B3 (March 30); B4 (April 9); B5 (April 19), and B6 (April 29)) and three fresh maize cultivars (A1 (Wan Nuo 2000); A2 (Nongke Nuo 336), and A3 (Caitian Nuo 6)) were chosen for experiments conducted between 2021 and 2022 in Guiyang, Qingzhen City, China. The results showed that the whole growth period and sowing-silking period were significantly reduced with delayed sowing, while the grain-filling period was relatively...
Camera-guided inter-row hoeing in winter oilseed rape with different inter-inter-row spacing
Roland Gerhards, Marcus Saile, Michael Spaeth
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(7):430-437 | DOI: 10.17221/485/2023-PSE
New cropping practices such as single-grain seeding, lower seed densities with stronger cultivars, wide inter-row spacings and camera-guided side-shift control for weed hoeing facilitate mechanical weed control in oilseed rape. In a two-year field study in Southwestern Germany, camera-guided inter-row hoeing was compared to standard herbicide treatments and untreated control. Seeding with 12.5, 25 and 50 cm inter-row spacing was included as a second factor in the experiment. Weed and crop density were measured directly after treatment. Weed and crop biomass, oilseed rape root diameter and nitrogen uptake were assessed before winter. Seed yield was...
The influence of timing and planting proportion on the intraspecific competitiveness ability of drunken horse grass (Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng) by fungal endophyte infection
Jianxin Cao, Xiang Yao, Xuekai Wei, Ruochen Zhang, Jing Liu, Chunjie Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(7):418-429 | DOI: 10.17221/9/2024-PSE
Drunken horse grass (Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng) is a toxic perennial bunchgrass native to Northwestern China. Epichloë endophytic fungi infection could enhance the stress tolerance of drunken horse grass. However, there is a scarcity of literature regarding the effects of intraspecific competition. As a result, we anticipated that the intraspecific competitive dynamics between endophyte-infected (EI) and endophyte-free (EF) plants would become more transparent for four years by planted as the proportions of 2 : 1, 1 : 1, and 1 : 2. The results showed the EI plants exhibited more biomass, seed...
Copper contamination in agricultural soils: A review of the effects of climate, soil properties, and prolonged copper pesticide application in vineyards and orchards
Alexander Neaman, Jorge-Tomás Schoffer, Claudia Navarro-Villarroel, Céline Pelosi, Patricia Peñaloza, Elvira Dovletyarova, Jerusa Schneider
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(7):407-417 | DOI: 10.17221/501/2023-PSE
Copper contamination stemming from copper-based pesticides poses a grave concern in vineyards and orchards, causing toxicity to soil organisms. Here, we present a comprehensive review of global data encompassing copper levels in these soils, coupled with variables such as the age of agricultural establishments, climate, soil organic matter content, soil pH, and farming practices (organic vs. conventional). The results suggest that there are three pivotal determinants driving copper content in vineyard and orchard soils: climate, the age of agricultural establishments, and soil organic matter content. It was impossible to estimate soil pH’s effect...
Mitigation of arsenic toxicity in rice grain through soil-water-plant continuum
Okram Ricky Devi, Bibek Laishram, Abhijit Debnath, Gangadhara Doggalli, Nayanjyoti Ojha, Smita Agrawal, Kahkashan Perveen, Najat A. Bukhari, Kalyan Pathak, Samiron Dutta
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(7):395-406 | DOI: 10.17221/470/2023-PSE
Increased levels of the non-essential hazardous metalloid arsenic (As) in rice grains pose a threat to human health and the sustainability of the rice industry. In several counties, the average As contamination in polished rice has been detected to range from 0.002 to 0.39 mg/kg, which is above the safe limit of 1 mg/kg as recommended by the World Health Organisation. Beyond this limit, the digestive tract, circulatory system, skin, liver, kidney, nervous system and heart can be affected. Humans can develop cancer from consuming or inhaling As. In addition, long-term exposure to drinking water contaminated with arsenic has also been linked to a dose-response...
Synergistic nitrogen fertiliser effects on nitrogen metabolism of wheat in saline-alkaline land
Xiaoqing Yuan, Yajun Li, Yan Shi
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(6):377-393 | DOI: 10.17221/398/2023-PSE
In this study, a synergist made of itaconic acid, maleic acid, acrylic acid and other active ingredients polymerised was sprayed on the surface of nitrogen (N) fertiliser particles to make synergistic nitrogen fertilisers (SNF). To explore the effect of SNF on N metabolism of wheat in saline-alkaline land, five treatments were set up: CK – ordinary N fertiliser (299.86 kg N/ha); T1 – SNF (299.86 kg N/ha); T2 – SNF (239.89 kg N/ha); T3 – SNF (179.92 kg N/ha); T4 – SNF (119.94 kg N/ha). The aboveground dry weight of wheat, the photosynthetic characteristics of wheat flag leaves, the activity of the N metabolism enzyme of...
Physiological and metabolic responses of Lolium perenne L. roots to acid stress in cadmium-contaminated soil
Xingrong Bai, Lili Chen, Zhaojie Wang, T. Ryan Lock
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(6):366-376 | DOI: 10.17221/494/2023-PSE
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) has potential in the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil due to its strong Cd accumulation capacity and high biomass. In this study, we investigated the growth physiology, Cd accumulation, and metabolites of L. perenne roots under different soil acid stress levels (pH 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 and 6.0) and Cd concentrations (100 and 0 mg/kg) after 90 days of growth. The results showed that soil acid stress significantly impacts the remediation capability and physiological metabolic properties of L. perenne. Based on root Cd content and enrichment coefficient, soil pH between 4.5 and...
The content and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in coastal wetlands around the Bohai Sea
Yingchun Lv, Mengyi Wang, Wanxin Tian, Haibin Hui
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(6):356-365 | DOI: 10.17221/24/2024-PSE
Coastal wetlands play a vital role in the migration and transformation of heavy metal pollutants in watersheds. There were 30 surface sediment samples that were analysed to investigate the distribution and ecological risks of heavy metals in the coastal wetlands around the Bohai Sea. Our results showed that the average concentrations of Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd in these wetlands were 17.92 ± 5.81, 50.29 ± 20.50, 31.53 ± 9.71, 25.37 ± 4.29, 80.13 ± 15.11, and 0.92 ± 0.54 mg/kg, respectively. Relative to other wetlands, Pb (25.43 ± 2.68 mg/kg) and Cd (1.67 ± 0.06 mg/kg) contents were higher in the Liaohe Delta...
Partitioned nitrogen fertilisation in peanut rhizosphere and geocarposphere drives specific variation soil microbiomes
Haiyan Liang, Qi Wu, Liyu Yang, Dianxu Chen, Pu Shen
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(6):342-355 | DOI: 10.17221/498/2023-PSE
Peanut is a plant characterised by belowground fruiting that absorbs nutrients not only through its roots but also through its pods. However, little is currently known regarding the species of bacteria that contribute to nutrient absorption and utilisation in this plant’s pod and root zones. This study examined the effects of root and pod area nitrogen (N) fertiliser application on peanut rhizosphere and geocarposphere microbial communities and functions. Using two peanut cultivars [nodulated Huayu 22 (H) and non-nodulated NN-1 (B)], we applied the following four treatments: no N fertiliser (HT1, BH1); N applied to geocarposphere soil (HT2, BT2);...
Sustainable controlled-release urea placement depth reduces lodging risk and enhances spring maize productivity
Wennan Su, Xuefei Tian, Fangyuan Huang, Mingjing Wang, Mengtian Wang, Yexuan Zhu, Tao Yan, Xiangling Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(6):326-341 | DOI: 10.17221/41/2024-PSE
Deep placement of controlled-release urea is an effective fertiliser management strategy for improving the maize productivity, but it is not clear whether and how controlled-release urea depth affects the stem and root lodging of spring maize. Two consecutive years of field experiments were conducted to elucidate stem and root lodging properties and their relationship between grain yield and lodging behaviours under various controlled-release urea placement depths. Results depicted that compared to broadcast nitrogen treatment (D0), deep controlled-release urea significantly decreased the stem lodging rate by 34.7–80.4%, which contributed to...
Effects of various nitrogen fertilisers applied in autumn on growth parameters, yield and quality of winter oilseed rape
David Bečka, Lucie Bečková, Jaroslav Tomášek, Vlastimil Mikšík, Mária Viciánová
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(6):317-325 | DOI: 10.17221/68/2024-PSE
The aim of this trial was to verify the influence of various autumn-applied nitrogen fertilisers on the growth, yield and quality of winter oilseed rape. In the three years, small-plot field trials were carried out at the Research Station Červený Újezd (50.0697044N, 14.1659086E). The hybrid cultivar DK Exstorm was chosen, with a sowing rate of 50 seeds/m2. Five fertilisation regimes were tested: (1) nitrogen-free control; (2) CAN (calcium ammonium nitrate); (3) ANU (ammonium nitrate urea); (4) U (urea), and (5) US (urea with N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) inhibitor). A uniform dose of 40 kg N/ha was applied at the end of October. Fertilisers...
Effects of red-blue light spectrum on growth, yield, and photo-synthetic efficiency of lettuce in a uniformly illumination environment
Shipeng Luo, Jun Zou, Mingming Shi, Senmao Lin, Dawei Wang, Wenbin Liu, Yan Shen, Xiaotao Ding, Yuping Jiang
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(5):305-316 | DOI: 10.17221/480/2023-PSE
This study comprehensively investigates the impact of varying red-to-blue light ratios on the growth of Spanish lettuce. The research considers various factors such as growth morphology, photosynthetic parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Lettuce was cultivated in an environment with a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 200 ± 20 μmol/m2/s and a photoperiod of 16 h per day. The experiment incorporated eight distinct light treatment methodologies, with the red-to-blue light ratios ranging from 2 : 8 (R2B8) to 9 : 1 (R9B1). The data implies that during the initial 20 days of growth, groups exposed...
Effect of seed weight and biostimulant seed treatment on establishment, growth and yield parameters of winter oilseed rape
David Bečka, Lucie Bečková, Matěj Satranský, Kateřina Pazderů
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(5):296-304 | DOI: 10.17221/98/2024-PSE
This study evaluated the effect of seed weight and seed treatment on yield and growth parameters in a three-year field trial. Seed weight treatments were tested in three levels of thousand seed weight (TSW): low 4.28 g, medium 5.00 g and high 5.69 g, with and without a biostimulant seed treatment of Lumibio Kelta. Although statistically significant differences were not found in all experimental years, the three-year results showed that sowing seeds with higher seed weight increased the initial and final stand counts, root length, seed yield and oil content. The final stand at harvest time averaged over the three years ranged from 23.0 (low TSW) to...
The effect of various factors (light, temperature, salt, and drought) on germination of Bromus sterilis L.
Kateřina Hamouzová, Jaromír Šuk, Soham Bhattacharya, Jakub Mikulka, Veronika Valičková, Michaela Kolářová, Josef Soukup
Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(5):287-295 | DOI: 10.17221/21/2024-PSE
Bromus sterilis L. (barren brome) is one of the most economically important noxious grass weeds in the winter cereal fields of Europe. Its ecological behaviour in this agro-climatic region should be assessed for effective weed control strategies. The present study was conducted to assess the dormancy and germination response of the B. sterilis population from the Czech Republic under thermal, light, and stress conditions. The dormancy loss experiment revealed that seeds exposed to the light regime showed a remarkably lower percentage of germination, and under alternating temperatures of 10/20 °C in dark conditions, rapid loss of primary...