Plant, Soil and Environment, 2004 (vol. 50), issue 4
Evaluation of functional diversity of soil microbial communities - a case study
J. Hofman, J. Švihálek, I. Holoubek
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(4):141-148 | DOI: 10.17221/4074-PSE 
In our case study, we measured the functional diversity of the microbial communities of twelve soils from the small natural area to assess if this assay is suitable for routine monitoring of soil biological quality. We found the BIOLOG assay meets especially practical benefits in routine monitoring of soils being simple and quick assay. However, we confirmed the ambiguity about the most appropriate analysis of the BIOLOG multivariate data and about the best parameter, which can be derived from the assay. The different analyses of the data were examined and various parameters derived from the BIOLOG assay were comparatively used to contribute to the...
Isolation of chloroplasts in the Karwinskia species and determination of their photochemical activity under in vitro conditions
M. Henselová, M. Regecová, A. Sováková
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(4):149-156 | DOI: 10.17221/4075-PSE
Reaction conditions for evaluation of the photochemical activity of isolated chloroplasts in the Hill reaction of Karwinskia humboldtiana (Roem & Schut) Zucc. and Karwinskia parvifolia Rose species were determined. Hill's reaction activity was measured spectrophotometrically at 630 nm as the amount of DCPIP reduction by the chloroplast suspension at an irradiance of 400 µmol/m2/sPAR. A significant difference was observed between the activity of chloroplasts isolated at 2°C and 25°C amounting to 27% in Karwinskia humboldtiana and 18.5% in K. parvifolia. After 24 hours of storage of chloroplasts...
Influence of corn (Zea mays L.) inbred lines seed processing on their damage
B. Šimić, S. Popović, M. Tucak
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(4):157-161 | DOI: 10.17221/4076-PSE
Manipulation of corn seed from harvest throughout processing to disinfections is associated with seed damage. Such damage causes lower germination and germination energy. Seed damage, especially in the embryo and crown, are factors that decrease germination, especially under low temperatures. Also, damaged seed is inclined to infections by soil pathogens (Aspergillus, Pythium, Penicillium), causing seed and germ rotting. In some cases, plant density is seriously reduced by infestations so that resowing is required. Seed of five corn-inbred lines differing in form and type (A: shallow and round form of the dent type MO-17,...
Study of inheritance of some agronomic and morphological traits in burley tobacco by graphic analysis of diallel cross
J. Butorac, J. Beljo, J. Gunjača
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(4):162-167 | DOI: 10.17221/4078-PSE
The mode of inheritance of yield, topping height, leaf number, days to flowering, leaf length and width was studied by means of graphic analysis in a half diallel cross test of four burley tobacco varieties (Saturn, TN 86, Bs 92 and Bols 100) in 1998 and 1999. The trial was set up according to the RCBD at four replications in the experimental field of Tobacco Institute Zagreb in Pitomača. Overdominance in inheritance of all studied traits, except leaf length and width in 1998, was found by the graphic method. No interallelic interaction and epistasis were present as seen from testing regression coefficients for all investigated traits and years. The...
Autumn growth and development of different winter oilseed rape variety types at three input levels
D. Bečka, J. Vašák, P. Kroutil, P. Štranc
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(4):168-174 | DOI: 10.17221/4077-PSE
The autumn growth and development was studied in three types of winter oilseed rape varieties (line, hybrid and genetically modified hybrid) at three technologies (intensity, standard and low input). Technologies were different by soil preparation before sowing, sowing rate, chemical treatment levels, growth regulation and fertilisation. It is evident from the autumn period 1999-2002, that the yield of biomass and roots in the autumn period was influenced by the technology and year conditions (water soil condition). The occurrence of surface soil clods influenced negatively the creation of root and aboveground biomass irrespective of the soil cultivation...
Importance of winter rape for small rodents
M. Heroldová, J. Zejda, M. Zapletal, D. Obdržálková, E. Jánová, J. Bryja, E. Tkadlec
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(4):175-181 | DOI: 10.17221/4079-PSE
Winter rape stands are important habitat for the common vole (Microtus arvalis) and the pygmy field mouse (Apodemus microps). In autumn, the common vole is dominant in this habitat (D = 75%) and reproduces in it (17% of population). This species also dominates the small mammal community of winter rape in early spring (D = 87%), and its reproduction begins in this habitat early; under suitable meteorological conditions 44% of the population of common vole reproduce in March. Analyses of the spring and autumn diet of M. arvalis in winter rape have shown that green leaves of this species form the dominant component...
The effect of cytokinins and other plant hormones on the growth of cotyledonary axilars of flax (Linum usitatissimum), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and pea (Pisum sativum)
Š. Klíčová, J. Šebánek, T. Vlašic
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(4):182-187 | DOI: 10.17221/4080-PSE
Flax seedlings were decapitated above the cotyledons. After one cotyledon was removed the growth of the bud of the remaining cotyledon was stronger in 90% of the plants. However, the application of the cytokinin benzyladenine (BA) to the bud of the removed cotyledon caused a growth correlative reversal and, by contrast, in 65% of the plants the bud of the removed cotyledon grew out. On the other hand, in sunflower seedlings, which have epigeal cotyledons similar to flax, after the removal of one cotyledon the growth of the axillary of the removed cotyledon was more intensive in 59% of the plants. Not even an application of BA to the remaining cotyledon...