Plant, Soil and Environment, 2009 (vol. 55), issue 2
The relationship between citrulline accumulation and salt tolerance during the vegetative growth of melon (Cucumis melo L.)
H.Y. Dasgan, S. Kusvuran, K. Abak, L. Leport, F. Larher, A. Bouchereau
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(2):51-57 | DOI: 10.17221/316-PSE 
Citrulline has been recently shown to behave as a novel compatible solute in the Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae) growing under desert conditions. In the present study we have investigated some aspects of the relationship which might occur in leaves of melon seedlings, also known to produce citrulline, between the capacity to accumulate this ureido amino acid and salt tolerance. With this end in view, salt-induced changes at the citrulline level have been compared in two melon genotypes exhibiting contrasted abilities to withstand the damaging effects of high salinity. Progressive salinization of the growing solution occurred at 23 days...
Changes in photosynthetic pigment and carbohydrate content in common bean cultivars infected by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
A.K.S. Lobato, M.C. Gonçalves-Vidigal, P.S. Vidigal Filho, R.C.L. Costa, F.J.R. Cruz, D.G.C. Santos, C.R. Silva, L.I. Silva, L.L. Sousa
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(2):58-61 | DOI: 10.17221/259-PSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrate contents on resistant and susceptible plants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (cvs. Mexico 222 and Widusa) infected by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum race 23. The experimental design used was entirely randomized in factorial scheme, with 2 cultivars (Mexico 222 and Widusa) and 2 treatments (control and inoculated). The cultivar Widusa (susceptible) showed a significant reduction in photosynthetic pigments, and an increase in the total carbohydrates, sucrose and reducing carbohydrates, whereas the cultivar Mexico 222 (resistant) showed a significant...
Genetic analysis of leaf hydraulics in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under drought stress
S. Rauf, H.A. Sadaqat, I.A. Khan, R. Ahmed
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(2):62-69 | DOI: 10.17221/260-PSE
Improvement in leaf hydraulics is directly related to the improvement of plant tolerance to drought stress. Therefore, a field and pot experiment was carried out to determine the type of genetic variability and selection of parental types on the basis of combining ability for leaf hydraulics. Genotypes showed similar performance in both experiments; higher values were shown by drought tolerant genotypes in all traits except for osmotic potential, which drought tolerant genotypes maintained lower. Osmotic adjustment in pot experiment showed the highest magnitude of additive type of genetic variability. Female showed a higher and significant contribution...
Patterns of variation in lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents in flower developmental stages of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench cultivated in Slovakia
I. Mistríková, Š. Vaverková
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(2):70-73 | DOI: 10.17221/261-PSE
The objective of this study was to examine and demonstrate how harvesting age (flower age) contribute to the variations in the quality of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. The effects of different flower developmental stages on caffeic acid derivatives and isobutylamide content are described. These phytochemicals were extracted from fresh plants with 60% ethanol and quantified by the HPLC analysis. The results revealed that the quality of Echinacea is strongly influenced by the flower developmental stages. The highest content of both hydrophilic and lipophilic components in the anthodium of Echinacea plants were found in the third (mature)...
The accumulation of copper in soils of the Italian region Emilia-Romagna
M. Toselli, P. Schiatti, D. Ara, A. Bertacchini, M. Quartieri
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(2):74-79 | DOI: 10.17221/317-PSE
The investigation was carried out in 2005, on 30 plots chosen in the Central-Eastern part of the Emilia Romagna region, and cultivated with pear, grapevine and vegetable crops under the organic management system. For each crop, 5 plots with a level of calcium carbonate > 10% and 5 plots with a level of calcium carbonate < 3% were selected. For pear and vine, soil analyses were performed at the depths of 0-20 cm and 20-50 cm, for vegetable at the depth of 0-50 cm. Organic matter content was higher in pear-cultivated plots, followed by grapevine and vegetable crops. Copper application rate, from 1998 to 2004, was higher in pear and grapevine than...
The influence of selenium soil application on its content in spring wheat
L. Ducsay, O. Ložek, L. Varga
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(2):80-84 | DOI: 10.17221/318-PSE
The influence of application of increasing doses of selenium (0.05 mg, 0.10 mg and 0.20 mg/kg) into soil in pot experiments, with NPK fertilization of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., variety Banti), on the biomass yield (grain, straw, roots) and on selenium accumulation was observed. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3*5H2O) and the NPK nutrients in the form of LAD-27, Ca(H2PO4)2 and KCl were applied. The average two-year results showed the expected indifferent effect of increasing doses of selenium on the yield of wheat grain, straw and roots. The differentiated...
Biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes
Q. Li, M. Liu, J. Zhang, B. Dong, Q. Bai
Plant Soil Environ., 2009, 55(2):85-91 | DOI: 10.17221/315-PSE
To better understand the potential for improving biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes, in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, an experiment was conducted at the Luancheng Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Science to study the effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), biomass accumulation, grain yield, and RUE of winter wheat. In this experiment, field experiment involving winter wheat with 1, 2 and 3 irrigation applications at sowing, jointing, or heading stages was conducted, and total irrigation water was all controlled at 120 mm. The results...