Plant, Soil and Environment, 2010 (vol. 56), issue 10
Diurnal fluxes of CO2 and N2O from cattle-impacted soil and implications for emission estimates
M. Šimek, P. Brůček, J. Hynšt
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(10):451-457 | DOI: 10.17221/127/2010-PSE 
Short-term diurnal changes in emissions of CO2 and N2O were determined in a cattle overwintering area during three specific periods of the year. Production of both N2O and CO2, as determined with gas chambers buried in soil and spatially distributed changed rapidly, and the general course of fluxes of the two gases was different. CO2 emissions were basically controlled by temperature, and most gas chambers showed the same trends in CO2 flux, indicating low spatial heterogeneity. In contrast, N2O emissions were much more spatially heterogeneous and each chamber had its own...
Response of seed yield and its components of red gram (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) to elevated CO2
M. Vanaja, P.R. Ram Reddy, N.J. Lakshmi, S.K. Abdul Razak, P. Vagheera, G. Archana, S.K. Yadav, M. Maheswari, B. Venkateswarlu
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(10):458-462 | DOI: 10.17221/51/2010-PSE
Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) is an important grain legume crop of the semi arid tropics and is a major dietary protein source. The extra short duration cultivar of pigeon pea ICPL 88039 was evaluated at ambient(370 μmol/mol) and twice the ambient (700 μmol/mol) concentrations of CO2 in open top chambers (OTCs). The results showed that the crop recorded a significant positive enhanced response for total biomass, fodder yield, grain yield, number of pods and seeds per plant, test weight and HI at elevated CO2. The ANOVA revealed significant differences in response of the characteristics to CO2...
The effect of benzothiazolium salt on spruce callus cells
Ľ. Krajnáková, D. Kákoniová, D. Lišková, E. Hlinková
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(10):463-469 | DOI: 10.17221/149/2009-PSE
The effect of 3-(benzyloxycarbonylmethyl)-2-benzothiazolinone (SM-550) on the growth parameters, cell division, and cell polymorphism of spruce callus cells (Picea abies L. Karst) was investigated. These results were compared with callus parameters grown on the medium supplemented with NAA. The highest concentration (1 mmol) of SM-550 stimulated the growth process, as well as cell division, shortened the lag-phase, and had a significant effect on cells polymorphism. Its effect was demonstrated especially on long-term culture (3 subcultures - 84 days). On the other hand, the highest stimulation of growth by SM-550 in 1 μmol concentration...
Alleviation of salt stress in citrus seedlings inoculated with mycorrhiza: changes in leaf antioxidant defense systems
Q.S. Wu, Y.N. Zou, W. Liu, X.F. Ye, H.F. Zai, L.J. Zhao
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(10):470-475 | DOI: 10.17221/54/2010-PSE
Citrus is a salt-sensitive plant. In the present study, the salt stress ameliorating the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi through antioxidant defense systems was reported. Three-month-old trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings colonized by Glomus mosseae or G. versiforme were irrigated with 0 and 100 mmol NaCl solutions. After 49 days of salinity, mycorrhizal structures were obviously restrained by salt stress. Mycorrhizal inoculation especially G. mosseae significantly alleviated the growth reduction of salinity. There were notably lower malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents in the leaves...
The impact of source restriction on yield formation of corn (Zea mays L.) due to water deficiency
M. Oveysi, M.J. Mirhadi, H. Madani, G. Nourmohammadi, R. Zarghami, A. Madani
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(10):476-481 | DOI: 10.17221/86/2010-PSE
To understand the mechanisms causing yield limitations in defoliated plants subjected to water deficiency, the experiments were laid out as a randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement. Soil-water regimes consisted of moderate irrigation until physiological maturity (W1) or short severe water stress periods (W2) at V8 stage of ontogenesis, and tasseling which allotted to the main plots. Defoliation times (V8 and tasseling) and intensities (cutting of one or two thirds of leaf blade) combinations and one control level (five Source restriction treatments) were allotted to subplots. Early defoliation...
Grain yield and quality of winter wheat in different planting patterns under deficit irrigation regimes
Q.Q. Li, X.B. Zhou, Y.H. Chen, S.L. Yu
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(10):482-487 | DOI: 10.17221/14/2010-PSE
Limited water resources restrict winter wheat grain yield and quality in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of North China, and establishing optimal planting patterns according to crop water requirements is the key factor for achieving rational water use. In this paper, 4 planting patterns were applied, namely, uniform row (30 cm; traditional pattern), wide (40 cm)-narrow (20 cm) row, furrow (double lines in the furrow with 20 cm spacing, and 40 cm between furrows), and seed bed (double lines on the bed with 20 cm spacing, and 40 cm between beds). Each planting pattern was irrigated twice during the jointing and heading stages, and total irrigation water was...
Can Festulolium, Dactylis glomerata and Arrhenatherum elatius be used for extension of the autumn grazing season in Central Europe?
J. Skládanka, V. Adam, P. Ryant, P. Doležal, Z. Havlíček
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(10):488-498 | DOI: 10.17221/91/2010-PSE
The paper compares the quality of Festulolium, Dactylis glomerata and Arrhenatherum elatius at the end of the growing season over three years with the contrasting weather in the Czech Republic. The effect of pre-utilisation dates in June or July on the quality of grass forage in October, November and December (harvest dates) was investigated. In the first two years, Arrhenatherum elatius exhibited higher yields (P < 0.05) than Festulolium and Dactylis glomerata. In all treatments, differences between the species and between the years were inconsistent for organic matter digestibility (OMD) and...