Plant, Soil and Environment, 2012 (vol. 58), issue 6
Distribution of recently fixed photosynthate in a switchgrass plant-soil system
D.R. Chaudhary, J. Saxena, N. Lorenz, R.P. Dick
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(6):249-255 | DOI: 10.17221/532/2011-PSE 
The use of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) as an energy crop has gained great importance in past two decades due to its high biomass yields on marginal lands with low agricultural inputs and low maintenance requirements. Information on the allocation of photosynthetically fixed C in the switchgrass-soil system is important to understand the C flow and to quantify the sequestration of C in soils. The allocation of 13C labeled photosynthates in shoot, root, soil, and in microbial biomass carbon (MBC) of rhizosphere and bulk soil of 45 days old, greenhouse grown-switchgrass was examined during 20 days 13C-CO2...
Bioprotection against Gaeumannomyces graminis in barley a comparison between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
V. Castellanos-Morales, 3, R. Cárdenas-Navarro, J.M. García-Garrido, A. Illana, J.A. Ocampo, S. Steinkellner, H. Vierheilig
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(6):256-261 | DOI: 10.17221/622/2011-PSE
Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici causes take-all disease, the most important root disease of cereal plants. Cereal plants are able to form a symbiotic association with soil-borne arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which can provide bioprotection against soil-borne fungal pathogens. However, the bioprotective effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi against soil-borne fungal pathogens might vary. In the present study we tested the systemic bioprotective effect of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices and Gigaspora rosea against the soil-borne fungal pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis...
Rhizosphere bacteria induced by aluminum-tolerant and aluminum-sensitive soybeans in acid soil
T. Yang, Y. Ding, Y. Zhu, Y. Li, X. Wang, R. Yang, G. Lu, J. Qi, Y. Yang
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(6):262-267 | DOI: 10.17221/652/2011-PSE
Rhizosphere microbial communities play a major role in multiple soil functions. The aim of this study is to assess the relation of bacteria and organic acids in rhizosphere soil and community function induced by soybean genotypes, BX10 [aluminum (Al)-tolerant soybean] and BD2 (Al-sensitive soybean). Organic acid analysis in the rhizosphere soil indicates that BX10 increased the concentration of citric acid, whereas BD2 decreased it; malic acid was only found in the rhizosphere soil of BX10. Redundancy analysis results also showed that the two soybean genotypes induced distinct rhizosphere microbial communities, and citric acid and malic acid had a...
Slow release and conventional N fertilizers for nutrition of bell pepper
F. Stagnari, M. Pisante
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(6):268-274 | DOI: 10.17221/686/2011-PSE
Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) high-quality and yield implies the management of N nutrition. Field and pot experiments with bell pepper and Italian ryegrass were carried out during 2009 and 2010. The experimental design included three N delaying fertilizers (Sulfammo Meta 46-5-0, controlled-release fertilizer; Nitrophoska Gold 15-9-15, slow-release fertilizer; Entec 26 26-0-0, stabilized fertilizer), two conventional N fertilizers, urea and calcium nitrate and one N-unfertilized control. The fertilizer's rate was 150 kg N/ha. A pot experiment with bell pepper followed by ryegrass with the same fertilizers treatments was carried out in 2009....
Green manure as a nutrient source for succeeding crops
L. Talgre, E. Lauringson, H. Roostalu, A. Astover, A. Makke
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(6):275-281 | DOI: 10.17221/22/2012-PSE
The trials were carried out in the Estonian University of Life Sciences (58°23'N, 26°44'E), and studied to what extent green manure crops bind nutrients and the effect and stability of biologically fixed nitrogen (N). Our research covered more species than most of the earlier studies in the Nordic countries. Compared with biomass from unfertilized barley, legume undersowing, straws plus roots added up to 4 times more N, 2.8 times more phosphorus (P) and 2.5 times more potassium (K) returning to the soil. Red clover, hybrid lucerne and white melilot as pure sows produced the highest biomass, amounts of N, P, and K being up to 206, 24 and 144 kg/ha,...
Road salts effects on soil chemical and microbial properties at grassland and forest site in protected natural areas
J. Hofman, E. Trávníčková, P. Anděl
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(6):282-288 | DOI: 10.17221/5994-PSE
Road salting is used as a dominant way to keep road safety in winter, even in the protected natural areas. In our study, possible effects of winter road salting on soil microorganisms in close road vicinity were investigated. Soil chemical and microbial properties were monitored at a forest site in the Krkonoše Mountains national park and at a grassland site in the Kokořínsko protected landscape area (both located in the Czech Republic) in two sampling campaigns (autumn and spring). Effects of road salting on soil chemical properties (Na+ and Cl- levels, pH, base saturation etc.) were clearly apparent at both sites. The most affected...
The biogas production from lucerne biomass in relation to term of harvest
J. Hakl, P. Fuksa, J. Habart, J. Šantrůček
Plant Soil Environ., 2012, 58(6):289-294 | DOI: 10.17221/98/2012-PSE
The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of delayed cut of lucerne on a biogas production in contrast to bud stage used for livestock feed. In 2009-2010, the dry matter (DM) yield, forage quality, substrate biogas yield (SBY, L/kg DM), and area biogas yield (ABY, m3/ha) was assessed in the first and second cut in late bud and late bloom stage. Results show that ABY from lucerne could be significantly increased by change in harvest management towards to delayed cuts. The average increases of DM yield in late bloom stage achieved approximately 50 and 35% in the first and second cut, respectively, whilst the maximal significant decrease...