Plant, Soil and Environment, 2014 (vol. 60), issue 6
Transformation of short-range order minerals in maize (Zea mays L.) rhizosphereOriginal Paper
D. Chatterjee, S.C. Datta, K.M. Manjaiah
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):241-248 | DOI: 10.17221/800/2013-PSE 
Under nutrient stress, low molecular weight organic acids are released in rhizosphere, which dissolve the crystalline layered silicate minerals and subsequently some short range order (SRO) minerals may be formed. To analyze this hypothesis, a controlled greenhouse experiment was conducted with three contrasting soils belonging to Alfisols, Inceptisols and Vertisols order in two phases, viz. Sorghum-sudangrass depletion and test crop experiment on maize. The SROs were measured by selective dissolutions. The results indicate that, NaOH extractable amorphous ferri-alumino silicate was higher in rhizosphere, whereas mild extractant extractable SRO dissolution...
Nitrogen transformations in the rhizosphere of different tree types in a seasonally flooded soilOriginal Paper
D. Liu, S. Fang, Y. Tian, S.X. Chang
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):249-254 | DOI: 10.17221/878/2013-PSE
Plant roots strongly influence C and N availability in the rhizosphere via rhizodeposition and uptake of nutrients. An in situ rhizobox approach was used to compare rhizosphere effects of different tree species and clones on N cycling under seasonally flooded soil. We examined N mineralization and nitrification rates, inorganic N, and microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) in rhizosphere and bulk soils of three poplar clones, alder, and willow plantations in southeast China. Significant differences in soil pH, total N, soil organic C, MBC, MBN, and MBC/MBN were found between bulk and rhizosphere soils except alder. Compared to bulk...
The effects of tillage and soil mineral fertilization on the yield and yield components of spring barleyOriginal Paper
H. Klikocka, B. Narolski, G. Michałkiewicz
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):255-261 | DOI: 10.17221/14/2014-PSE
A field experiment with a malting spring barley crop (2007-2009) was conducted in south-eastern Poland on Cambisols. Conventional (CST) and simplified soil tillage systems (SST) were used in combination with NPK fertilizer enriched with S and Mg. Analysis of the results showed a beneficial effect of CST and NPK fertilization with S and Mg on yield and yield structure. SST and NPK fertilization decreased grain yield by 6.6% and 6.2%. CST increased grain number per ear, grain weight per ear and plant height, while the SST decreased the value of these characteristics by 7.9, 5.7 and 5.3%. Number of ears (standardized regression coefficient b...
Carbon fraction concentrations in a haplic Luvisol as affected by tillageOriginal Paper
J. Horáček, E. Strosser, V. Čechová
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):262-266 | DOI: 10.17221/7416-PSE
Changes of soil organic matter (SOM) parameters were investigated in a haplic Luvisol with medium-heavy texture. Soil samples were taken from several layers at minimum (MT) and conventional (CT) tillage plots of a field experiment in Sitzenhof (Germany). All cultural practices except for tillage (crop rotation, fertilizing, protection measures, etc.) were identical over the whole time of the experiment. The concentrations of oxidizable carbon Cox and its constituents (humic acids (HA), fulvic acids (FA), and hot-water soluble carbon) are comparable in layers 15-20 cm in both variants. In 0-15 cm and 30-55 cm layers, these concentrations...
Impact of slurry on the hop (Humulus lupulus L.) yield, its quality and N-min content of the soilOriginal Paper
B. Čeh
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):267-273 | DOI: 10.17221/66/2014-PSE
The aim of this investigation was to answer if cattle slurry can replace mineral fertiliser calcium ammonium nitrate for hop (Humulus lupulus L.) side-dressings, and if it is suitable to be applied after hop harvest, and also show its impact on N-min content of the soil. Cattle slurry was a more appropriate fertiliser for the second and the third hop side-dressings in the investigated years (2010-2012), which were characterised by a lower than average amount of rainfall and higher temperatures, especially in June and in the first half of July. Despite the lower amount of plant-available nitrogen in the cattle slurry (which contains also other...
Photosynthesis sensitivity to NH4+-N change with nitrogen fertilizer typeOriginal Paper
A. Nasraoui-Hajaji, H. Gouia
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):274-279 | DOI: 10.17221/7418-PSE
N-fertilization type affected differently tomato growth. In the field experiment, hydroponic cultures were conducted using NO3-N (5 mmol); mixture of KNO3-N (3 mmol) and (NH4)2SO4-N (2 mmol); NH4+-N (5 mmol) or urea (5 mmol) as nitrogen source. Compared to nitrate, ammonium and urea had negative effects on morphology and dry matter production. Effects of the different nitrogen forms were investigated by measuring several photosynthesis parameters and chl a fluorescence. Two different significant types of reaction were found. When nitrogen was added as ammonium or...
Which soils are comfortable for oilseed rape seeds (Brassica napus) to survive?Original Paper
S. Gruber, E.A. Weber, W. Claupein
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):280-284 | DOI: 10.17221/155/2014-PSE
The study should reveal the effects of soil texture and of seed characteristics of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) on seed survival in the soil by a burial experiment. Seeds of 58 conventional and new trait accessions (genetically modified and/or with altered seed ingredients) were buried for six months in sandy loam (SL), clay (c) or silty clay loam (SICL) in the seasons 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 in Germany. Between 84-93% (2008/2009) and 64-87% (2009/2010) of the conventional seeds survived in the soil, and so did 41-67% and 8-44% of the new trait seeds. Significantly more seeds were found in C and SICL compared to SL. Seed survival also...
Effects of the transgenic CrylAc and CpTI insect-resistant cotton SGK321 on rhizosphere soil microorganism populations in northern ChinaOriginal Paper
Y.J. Zhang, M. Xie, D.L. Peng
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(6):285-289 | DOI: 10.17221/192/2014-PSE
Transgenic CrylAc and CpTI insect-resistant cotton SGK321 has been widely adopted for many years in several regions of China, however the understanding of its potential effects on soil microorganisms is limited. The impact of transgenic cotton SGK321 on microorganism populations in rhizosphere soil was investigated. The numbers of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were measured by counting colony-forming units after incubation on appropriate medium in a two-year field study in the northern China. Rhizosphere soil microorganism populations between transgenic cotton SGK321 and its non-transgenic parental cotton or conventional cotton...