Plant, Soil and Environment, 2014 (vol. 60), issue 9
Variation in available micronutrients in black soil after 30-year fertilization treatmentOriginal Paper
Y.G. Zhang, Y.Y. Zhang, J.P. Cai, P. Zhu, H.J. Gao, Y. Jiang
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):387-393 | DOI: 10.17221/68/2014-PSE 
To assess the effects of long-term fertilization on soil available micronutrients in farmland, this study examined diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in surface soil with monoculture of corn (Zea mays L.) with a 30-year filed fertilization experiment established in Northeast China. Treatments included no fertilization (CK); nitrogen only (N); nitrogen and phosphorus only (NP); NP and potassium (NPK); NPK plus cornstalk (SNPK), and NPK plus farmyard manure (MNPK). Results showed that DTPA-Fe and Mn were significantly increased with chemical N application, and DTPA-Cu and...
Winter wheat agronomic traits and nitrate leaching under variable nitrogen fertilizationOriginal Paper
I. Sestak, M. Mesic, Z. Zgorelec, I. Kisic, F. Basic
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):394-400 | DOI: 10.17221/188/2014-PSE
In the long-term field trial on an arable dystric Stagnosols, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in lysimeter water were compared under treatments of 0, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg/ha of mineral nitrogen (N) during the growth years 1996/97, 1999/00, 2002/03 and 2005/06. Year properties significantly influenced N availability resulting in different responses of grain yield and NUE under variable treatments. Grain yield showed strong significant correlation with the rainfall accumulated from March to May (r = 0.77). In the case of a dry...
Impacts of the transgenic CrylAc and CpTI insect-resistant cotton SGK321 on selected soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphereOriginal Paper
Y.J. Zhang, M. Xie, C.Y. Li, G. Wu, D.L. Peng
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):401-406 | DOI: 10.17221/349/2014-PSE
Transgenic CrylAc and CpTI insect-resistant cotton SGK321 is widely adopted for many years in several regions of China, however the understanding of its potential effects on soil enzyme activities is not studied. The impacts of transgenic cotton SGK321 on dehydrogenase, urease and phosphatase activities in rhizosphere soil were investigated in a two-year field study in Northern China. Rhizosphere soil enzyme activities between transgenic cotton SGK321 and its non-transgenic parental cotton Shiyuan 321 were found to differ at senescence. However compared to the plant growth stages and cotton cultivar, the impacts of the transgenic...
Influence of row covers on soil loss and plant growth in white cabbage cultivationOriginal Paper
A. Übelhör, S. Gruber, M. Schlayer, W. Claupein
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):407-412 | DOI: 10.17221/407/2014-PSE
Row covers are usually used to protect plants from insects and cold temperatures, and to accelerate plant growth. But they could also serve as an erosion control strategy. For this reason, fleece (FC) and net covers (NC) in white cabbage (Brassica oleracea convar. capitata (L.) Alef. var. capitata L. f. alba) cultivation were tested in a two-year field experiment to determine effects on soil erosion, plant growth and plant diseases. Soil loss under FC was reduced on average by 76% and under NC by 48% compared to the non-covered control treatment (CO). Soil temperature did not differ significantly in either of the...
The effect of foliar fertilization with marine calcite in sugar beetOriginal Paper
A. Artyszak, D. Gozdowski, K. Kucińska
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):413-417 | DOI: 10.17221/451/2014-PSE
The effect of marine calcite (containing calcium and silicon mainly) foliar fertilization on the sugar beet root yield and technological quality relative to the control (treatment 0) was investigated. Study was conducted in 2011-2012 in the southeastern region of Poland, in Sahryń (50°41'N, 23°46'E). The cultivar of sugar beet was Danuśka KWS. Two treatments of foliar fertilization: (1) treatment (in the stage of 4-6 sugar leaves - 262.0 g Ca/ha, 79.9 g Si/ha, and three weeks later - 524.0 g Ca/ha, 159.8 g Si/ha); and (2) treatment (in the stage of 4-6 sugar leaves - 524.0 gCa/ha, 159.8 g Si/ha, three weeks later - 524.0 g Ca/ha, 159.8 g Si/ha). Calcium...
The telemetric tracking of wild boar as a tool for field crops damage limitationOriginal Paper
J. Jarolímek, J. Vaněk, M. Ježek, J. Masner, M. Stočes
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):418-425 | DOI: 10.17221/462/2014-PSE
The article presents the possibilities of visual and statistical outputs from the telemetric tracking of game: activity data, heat map, home regions, movement routes and the points of occurrence. Nowadays the methods of the telemetric tracking of game are also used for finding the best ways to eliminate damage caused by wild boar generally, and field crops damage specifically. From telemetrically gained data it is possible to study the local habits of wild boar and their preference of crops and cultivars in various periods. On the basis of this knowledge it is possible to implement the necessary agrotechnical measures. The pilot processing and verification...
The significance of methionine, histidine and tryptophan in plant responses and adaptation to cadmium stressOriginal Paper
V. Zemanová, M. Pavlík, D. Pavlíková, P. Tlustoš
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):426-432 | DOI: 10.17221/544/2014-PSE
Noccaea caerulescens (NC) and Arabidopsis halleri (AH) were studied to compare cadmiunm (Cd) accumulation and resistance. After 30, 60 and 90 days of plant cultivation in Cd contaminated soil (Cd1 = 30, Cd2 = 60 and Cd3 = 90 mg Cd/kg soil) amino acids were determined in plants. The comparison between both species showed that Cd stress resulted in different changes of amino acids levels playing a significant role in plant adaptation to Cd stress. Our analyses indicated higher accumulations of amino acids in the roots of NC compared to AH. Contrasting responses of plants to Cd contamination were confirmed...
The influence of sweet sorghum crop stand arrangement on biomass and biogas productionOriginal Paper
K. Pazderů, J. Hodoval, J. Urban, J. Pulkrábek, V. Pačuta, J. Adamčík
Plant Soil Environ., 2014, 60(9):433-438 | DOI: 10.17221/562/2014-PSE
The possibility of sweet sorghum cultivation with different inter-row distances (20, 50, 75 cm) was verified in small scale plots with 3 cultivars (Bovital, Goliath, Sucrosorgho). The maize cv. Atletico (rows 75 cm) was used as a control. The influence of row width and cultivar on fresh and dry biomass, methane and biogas production per area was statistically significant. The methane and biogas production was evaluated in laboratory, via fermentation in Oxi Top Control Merck bottles. Generally, sorghum was more productive than maize. The highest biogas production per hectare was found in case of 25 cm row spacing. Goliath was the most yielding cultivar...