Plant, Soil and Environment, 2016 (vol. 62), issue 11
Effect of various biochar rates on winter rye yield and the concentration of available nutrients in the soilOriginal Paper
P. Kraska, P. Oleszczuk, S. Andruszczak, E. Kwiecińska-Poppe, K. Różyło, E. Pałys, P. Gierasimiuk, Z. Michałojć
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):483-489 | DOI: 10.17221/94/2016-PSE 
From 2012 to 2014 a field experiment was conducted on a podzolic soil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the yield and weed infestation of winter rye canopy depending on three biochar rates (10, 20 and 30 t/ha). The biochar was pyrolyzed from wheat straw at 350-650°C. After 12, 24, and 36 months from biochar incorporation into the soil pH, total carbon (C) and some elements in soil were determined. Additionally phytotoxicity of soil solid phase was assessed by the commercial toxicity bioassay - Phytotoxkit. The addition of biochar had a positive influence on grain yield of winter rye, which was related to the nutrient application in the form of...
Balancing the use of maize residues for soil amendment and forageOriginal Paper
S.Z. Tian, Z. Liu, B.W. Wang, Y. Wang, Z.J. Li, R. Lal, T.Y. Ning
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):490-496 | DOI: 10.17221/470/2016-PSE
Balancing the use of maize (Zea mays L.) residues for soil amendment and forage is an important strategy for agricultural sustainability. Therefore, the study assessed the impacts of four proportions of maize residues to soil retention (S) and forage (F) on soil total organic carbon (TOC); total nitrogen (TN); carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N); grain yield, economic benefits and nutritional contents of removed residues. The concentrations of TOC and TN increased when more residue returned, while the C/N ratios were S100 + F0 > S34 + F66 > S66 + F34. Also, crude protein, crude...
The influence of pre-sowing seed treatment by biologically active compounds on soybean seed quality and yieldOriginal Paper
P. Procházka, P. ©tranc, K. Pazderů, J. ©tranc
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):497-501 | DOI: 10.17221/570/2016-PSE
The aim of the experiment was to improve seed quality of harvested soybean seed by pre-sowing seed treatment with biologically active compounds Lignohumate B (mixture of humic and fulvic acids), Lexin (mixture of humic and fulvic acids enriched by auxins), brassinosteroid (synthetic analogue of natural 24 epibrassinolide) and so-called complete seed treatment (mixture of saturated solution of sucrose, Lexin, Maxim XL 035 FS fungicide of Syngenta and adjuvant on the base of pinolene). Four-year experiments proved positive influence of all treatments to seed parameters (laboratory germination, seed vigour (AA test), field emergence and thousand seed weight).
Spatial variability of soil nitrogen forms and the activity of N-cycle enzymesOriginal Paper
J. Długosz, A. Piotrowska-Długosz
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):502-507 | DOI: 10.17221/251/2016-PSE
Knowledge about the spatio-temporal variability of soil chemical and biological properties is crucial in evaluating their structure-function relationship and their impact on ecosystem functions. A study was conducted in order to evaluate the spatial variability of nitrogen (N) forms and N-cycle enzymes of a Phaeozem located in the Northwestern Poland. Fifty soil samples were collected every 10 m from the area of 90 × 40 m that was selected from an 80 ha agricultural field after the harvest of winter wheat. The samples were analysed for total nitrogen (Ntot); mineral nitrogen (NO3--N, NH4+-N) and...
Systematicness of glomalin in roots and mycorrhizosphere of a split-root trifoliate orangeOriginal Paper
Q.-S. Wu, A.K. Srivastava, M.-Q. Cao
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):508-514 | DOI: 10.17221/551/2016-PSE
Understanding the behavior of mycorrhiza-originated glomalin, either of plant or soil origin, is anticipated to facilitate better opportunities of modulating antioxidants and carbon distribution in plants. In this study, trifoliate orange seedlings with half of roots were colonized by Acaulospora scrobiculata and Funneliformis mosseae in a split-root rootbox. Mycorrhizal inoculation showed a significantly higher plant biomass of trifoliate orange, regardless of mycorrhizal species. Glomalin-related root protein showed a systematic increase in non-mycorrhiza-inoculated chamber under inoculation with A. scrobiculata...
Salt response of photosynthetic electron transport system in wheat cultivars with contrasting toleranceOriginal Paper
Z.W. Sun, L.K. Ren, J.W. Fan, Q. Li, K.J. Wang, M.M. Guo, L. Wang, J. Li, G.X. Zhang, Z.Y. Yang, F. Chen, X.N. Li
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):515-521 | DOI: 10.17221/529/2016-PSE
Soil salinity significantly decreases the photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). However, sensitivity of the photosynthetic electron transport system of wheat in relation with salt stress is unclear. Two wheat cultivars with contrasting salt tolerance were exposed to soil salinity, and the physiological responses and performance of photosynthetic electron system were investigated. The depressed photosynthetic carbon assimilation was mainly caused by stomatal closure and lower photosynthetic electron transport efficiency. Under salt stress, the salt-resistant cv. YN19 had higher efficiency in photosynthetic...
Field performance of potato minitubers produced in aeroponic cultureOriginal Paper
K. Rykaczewska
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):522-526 | DOI: 10.17221/419/2016-PSE
The aeroponic system is a viable technological alternative for potato minituber production within a potato tuber seed system. The aim of the study was to evaluate the productivity of potato minitubers grown in aeroponic culture and collected in 14 successive periods of the growing season. The minitubers of cvs. Ametyst and Tajfun were tested in an experimental field after a storage period. It was found that cv. Ametyst was characterized by higher yield and number of tubers than cv. Tajfun. Yield of cv. Ametyst averaged 42.6 t/ha, and cv. Tajfun 37.3 t/ha. The number of tubers over 3 cm of cv. Ametyst averaged 644.2 per ha, and cv. Tajfun 437.7 per...
Determination of plant-available micronutrients by the Mehlich 3 soil extractant - a proposal of critical valuesOriginal Paper
J. Zbíral
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(11):527-531 | DOI: 10.17221/564/2016-PSE
Soil testing in the Czech Republic is based on the use of the Mehlich 3 method for determination of macronutrients and diethylentriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and hot-water extraction for determination of micronutrients. Since inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometers have become commonly used in soil testing laboratories, Mehlich 3 extractant could be used very effectively also for a simultaneous micronutrient determination. To take full advantage of the universal Mehlich 3 extractant, new criteria for evaluation of the content of micronutrients in this extractant are needed. The criteria presented in this study were obtained by a...