Plant, Soil and Environment, 2016 (vol. 62), issue 3
The effect of catch crops cultivated in accordance with the agri-environment scheme on weed infestation of spring wheat standOriginal Paper
W. Wojciechowski, J. Zawieja, A. Lehmann, T.R. Sekutowski
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(3):99-104 | DOI: 10.17221/533/2015-PSE 
The aim of the conducted study was to assess the effect of two types of stubble catch crops (a mixture of legumes and white mustard) as well as varied nitrogen fertilization on weed infestation of a spring wheat stand depending on the adopted tillage system. Weed infestation assessed at the tillering phase of spring wheat showed the lowest number of weeds in direct sowing after the mixed legume catch crop. The next assessment of weed infestation performed at the flowering phase of spring wheat showed that the lowest number of weeds was found in direct sowing immediately after the catch crop of a mixture of legumes and white mustard for the complete...
Winter wheat: results of long-term fertilizer experiment in Prague-Ruzyně over the last 60 yearsOriginal Paper
L. Hlisnikovský, E. Kunzová, L. Menšík
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(3):105-113 | DOI: 10.17221/746/2015-PSE
The study evaluates how sixty years of application of organic manures and mineral fertilizers (ten fertilizer treatments altogether), planting of cultivars with different length of stem (long- and short-stem cultivars) and preceding crops (potatoes and alfalfa) affected grain and straw yields of winter wheat in the Prague-Ruzyně long-term fertilizer experiment (RFE). Fertilizer treatments did not affect grain yield during the first ten years of the RFE experiment (1959-1968), but influenced straw yield. The grain yield ranged from 5.08 (control) to 5.43 (farmyard manure) t/ha, straw yield varied from 6.02 t/ha (control) to 8.31 t/ha (poultry slurry...
Effect of application of growth regulators on the physiological and yield parameters of winter wheat under water deficitOriginal Paper
I. Barányiová, K. Klem
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(3):114-120 | DOI: 10.17221/778/2015-PSE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of growth regulator applications on yield and physiological parameters of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water deficit. Water deficit was induced artificially by using rain-out shelters in period between booting and late milk ripeness. The effect of growth regulators was evaluated in two contrast years in terms of yield formation (2014-2015). In both years the water deficit caused a significant reduction of grain yield. The negative effect of water deficit was partly alleviated by application of growth regulators. However, the effect of individual growth regulators varied depending...
Nitrogen and carbon mineralisation of different Meliaceae derivativesOriginal Paper
G. Marcolini, M. Toselli, M. Quartieri, P. Gioacchini, E. Baldi, G. Sorrenti, S. Mariani
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(3):121-127 | DOI: 10.17221/637/2015-PSE
Among Meliaceae derivatives, neem cake is usually used as a fertilizer; however its origin and industrial processing are often unknown, so that its effect on soil fertility is not predictable. In this study, the effect of soil incorporation of 6 commercial neem cakes and leaves of Melia azedarach L. on nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) dynamics was investigated in a 118-day laboratory incubation experiment. Neem cake at a rate of 8 g/kg of soil and melia leaves at 16 g/kg were incorporated into the soil and their net N and C mineralisation were evaluated 2 h after application and at day 1, 2, 6, 12, 26, 54 and 118, by analysing a 50-g soil sample...
Effects of various fertilization depths on ammonia volatilization in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forestsOriginal Paper
J.C. Zhao, W.H. Su, S.H. Fan, C.J. Cai, X.W. Zhu, C. Peng, X.L. Tang
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(3):128-134 | DOI: 10.17221/733/2015-PSE
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various fertilization depths on NH3 volatilization loss in Moso bamboo forests in the Huanshan county, Anhui province, China. A complete randomized block design with five treatments was used, including 0 (T0); 10 (T10); 20 (T20) and 30 (T30) cm application depths and no fertilizer treatment (control). Results showed that NH3 volatilization was detected in a single peak curve after fertilization, peaking at the third day for T0 and T10 treatments, and the sixth day for T20 and T30...
Efficiency of nitrogen fertilization based on the fertilizer application method and type of maize cultivar (Zea mays L.)Original Paper
P. Szulc, H. Waligóra, T. Michalski, M. Rybus-Zając, P. Olejarski
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(3):135-142 | DOI: 10.17221/654/2015-PSE
This article demonstrates the influence of the method using application of 100 kg N/ha of nitrogen fertilizer and hybrid types of maize (Zea mays L.) on selected efficiency indicators used for this macroelement. It was shown that in comparison to traditional broadcast fertilization, fertilization in rows or fertilization in rows combined partly with top dressing increased the values of such characteristics as nitrogen uptake and use, percentage of fertilizer nitrogen in the total nitrogen uptake as well as the agricultural and physiological effectiveness of the nitrogen. All the studied nitrogen effectiveness factors for maize (apart from...
Determination of the DNA changes in the artichoke seedlings (Cynara scolymus L.) subjected to lead and copper stressesOriginal Paper
M. Burak Batir, F. Candan, I. Büyük
Plant Soil Environ., 2016, 62(3):143-149 | DOI: 10.17221/679/2015-PSE
This study aims at determining the effects of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) on the hyperaccumulator artichoke. The effect of Pb and Cu toxicity with different levels of concentrations (20, 40, 80, 160, 240, 320, 640 and 1280 ppm) caused a decrease in the root length and total soluble protein of the artichoke. As a result of treatment with the Pb and Cu solutions, the changes occurred in RAPD profiles of seedlings and revealed variations like increment and/or loss of bands compared to the control plants. These changes showed a decrease in genomic template stability (GTS, changes in RAPD profile) caused by genotoxicity. RAPD data and GTS values seemed consistent...