Plant, Soil and Environment, 2017 (vol. 63), issue 5
Yield and soil coverage of catch crops and their impact on the yield of spring barleyOriginal Paper
Martina HANDLÍØOVÁ, Vojtìch LUKAS, Vladimír SMUTNÝ
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):195-200 | DOI: 10.17221/801/2016-PSE 
The aim of experiment was to evaluate the impact of catch crops on the yield of spring barley. An assessment of the suitability of catch crops in relation to their yield and soil coverage was made. The field experiment was set up in a corn-growing area (south Moravia, Czech Republic). The results show a statistically significant difference in yield of dry matter and soil coverage among catch crops as well as among years. The most appropriate was the cultivation of Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham and Sinapis alba L., which regularly provided the highest yields and soil coverage. In some years, similar results were also achieved for...
The use of humic acid urea fertilizer for increasing yield and utilization of nitrogen in sweet potatoOriginal Paper
Xiaoguang CHEN, Meng KOU, Zhonghou TANG, Aijun ZHANG, Hongmin LI
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):201-206 | DOI: 10.17221/24/2017-PSE
Humic acid urea fertilizer (HA-N) is a new type of slow-release nitrogenous fertilizer that can enhance utilization rate of urea, and consequently increases crop yield. However, there were few researches about the effect of HA-N on the nitrogen absorption and utilization in sweet potato production. Hence, the effect of HA-N on nitrogen accumulation and distribution, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and yield of sweet potato was studied in the field using the 15N tracer technique. Results showed that HA-N significantly increased the number of storage roots per plant and the average fresh weight per storage root, as well as the yield increased...
Technological value of raw materials from sugar beet growing area fertilized with digestate from sugar beet pulp biogas plantOriginal Paper
Andrzej BARYGA, Bo¿enna PO£EÆ, Ewelina MA£CZAK
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):207-212 | DOI: 10.17221/36/2017-PSE
The purpose of the work was to study the suitability of residue obtained during the methane fermentation process of sugar beet pulp for agricultural use in sugar beet plantations. Studies were performed with the sugar beet pulp fermentation residue and sugar beets (Beta vulgaris cv. Fighter) harvested from experimental plots. It was found that the by-product of sugar beet pulp digestion may be utilized in agriculture taking into account its chemical and microbiological standards. The nutrients in digestion residue were as assimilable for sugar beet plants as the nutrients in mineral fertilizers. The evaluation of technological parameters of...
The role of Mn and Fe oxides in risk elements retention in soils under different forest typesOriginal Paper
Pavel ROTTER, Jan KUTA, Radim VÁCHA, Milan SÁÒKA
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):213-219 | DOI: 10.17221/116/2017-PSE
Retention of four selected risk elements (SRE) - arsen (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) - by manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) oxides in different forest soils was investigated. The abundance of oxides and the association between oxides and SRE were observed in 91 soil samples of different forests divided into 5 categories covering the variability of forests in the Czech Republic. The sequential extraction procedure was used for dissolution of Mn and Fe oxide fractions (MnOF and FeOF) separately and together with the associated elements. It was found that Mn associated with MnOF is significantly higher in deciduous forests. These differences were...
Influence of increased temperature on the yield and quality of broad bean in semiarid regions of northwest ChinaOriginal Paper
Xiao GUOJU, Zhang QIANG, Wang JING, Zhang FENGJU, Luo CHENGKE, Ma FEI, Huang JUYING, Li MING, He XIANPING, Qiu ZHENGJI
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):220-225 | DOI: 10.17221/128/2017-PSE
In this study, a simulation experiment by farm warming with infrared ray radiator was carried out, and results showed that the broad bean (Vicia faba L.) growing days were shortened by increased temperature. The seedling, ramifying, budding, blooming, podding, and maturing stages were shortened by 1-4, 1-2, 1, 2-3, 1-2, and 2-4 days, respectively, and the whole growing period was shortened by 7-16 days when the temperature increased by 0.5-2.0°C. The broad bean yield increased by 10.1-16.6% when the temperature increased by 0.5-1.0°C, and significantly decreased by 38.1-90.1% when the temperature increased by 1.5-2.0°C. Increased temperature...
Determination of glomalin in agriculture and forest soils by near-infrared spectroscopyOriginal Paper
Jiøí ZBÍRAL, David ÈI®MÁR, Stanislav MALÝ, Elena OBDR®ÁLKOVÁ
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):226-230 | DOI: 10.17221/181/2017-PSE
Determining and characterizing soil organic matter (SOM) cheaply and reliably can help to support decisions concerning sustainable land management and climate policy. Glomalin was recommended as one of possible indicators of SOM quality. Extracting glomalin from and determining it in soils using classical chemical methods is too complicated and therefore near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was studied as a method of choice for the determination of glomalin. Representative sets of 84 different soil samples from arable land and grasslands and 75 forest soils were used to develop NIRS calibration models. The parameters of the NIRS calibration model (R...
Effect of soil conditioner (UGmax) application on the content of phenols and glycoalkaloids in potato tubersOriginal Paper
Marek GUGA£A, Krystyna ZARZECKA, Anna SIKORSKA, Krzysztof KAPELA, Marek NIEWÊG£OWSKI, Ewa KRASNODÊBSKA
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):231-235 | DOI: 10.17221/196/2017-PSE
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of the soil conditioner UGmax application on phenol and glycoalkaloid content in the tubers of two table potato cultivars. The following factors were examined: factor I - cultivars: Satina and Tajfun; factor II - five application methods of the soil conditioner UGmax: (1) control - no UGmax application; (2) 1.0 L/ha UGmax before planting; (3) 0.5 L/ha UGmax before planting + 0.25 L/ha at potato height of 10-15 cm + 0.25 L/ha in flower bud phase; (4) 1.0 L/ha UGmax before planting + 0.50 L/ha at potato height of 10-15 cm + in 0.50...
Effects of long-term tillage practices on the quality of soil under winter wheatOriginal Paper
Anna M. GAJDA, Ewa A. CZY¯, Jadwiga STANEK-TARKOWSKA, Anthony R. DEXTER, Karolina M. FURTAK, Jaros³aw GRZ¡DZIEL
Plant Soil Environ., 2017, 63(5):236-242 | DOI: 10.17221/223/2017-PSE
These studies were done in 2013-2016 on the effects of two tillage systems on the quality of a loamy sand soil (Eutric Fluvisol) and were based on a field experiment started in 2002. Winter wheat was grown in conventional tillage (CT) with mouldboard ploughing (inversion) tillage; and reduced (non-inversion) tillage (RT) based on soil crushing-loosening equipment and a rigid-tine cultivator. Chopped wheat straw was used as mulch in both treatments. The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil were investigated. RT increased soil bulk density in the 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm depth layers in comparison with CT. The greatest content of soil organic...