Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(2):66-71 | DOI: 10.17221/833/2014-PSE

Exogenous easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein promotes soil aggregation, relevant soil enzyme activities and plant growth in trifoliate orangeOriginal Paper

S. Wang1, Q.-S. Wu1, X.-H. He2,3
1 College of Horticulture and Gardening/Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, P.R. China
2 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Eveleigh, Australia
3 School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia

Studies on glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) have focused on soil aggregation and fungal physiology, whereas it is not known how exogenous GRSP could positively impact on these processes, soil enzyme activity and plant growth. Easily extractable GRSP [EE-GRSP, 0.022 mg protein/mL citrate buffer (20 mmol, pH 7.0)] from a 26-year-old citrus orchard was exogenously applied into 5-month-old potted trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) for 3 months to evaluate effects on soil water-stable aggregate distribution, relevant soil enzyme activities and plant growth. Depending on the applied concentrations as 1/2, 1/4 or full strength, exogenous EE-GRSP generally significantly increased the distribution of soil water-stable aggregates and mean weight diameter (MWD, an aggregate stability indicator). Values of MWD and plant biomass production curvilinearly positively correlated with exogenous EE-GRSP applications. Exogenous EE-GRSP generally significantly increased the activity of rhizospheric polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase. Both the 1/2-strength and 1/4-strength, but not the full-strength exogenous EE-GRSP, significantly stimulated plant growth performance. Our results firstly demonstrated the positive contribution of exogenous EE-GRSP to soil aggregation, relevant rhizospheric enzyme activities and/or plant growth, which has important implications for exploring GRSP in enhancing soil structure and/or plant performance.

Keywords: N-linked glycoprotein; binding agent; humic substances; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Published: February 28, 2015  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Wang S, Wu Q-S, He X-H. Exogenous easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein promotes soil aggregation, relevant soil enzyme activities and plant growth in trifoliate orange. Plant Soil Environ. 2015;61(2):66-71. doi: 10.17221/833/2014-PSE.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Bowles T.M., Acosta-Martínez V., Calderón F., Jackson L.E. (2014): Soil enzyme activities, microbial communities, and carbon and nitrogen availability in organic agroecosystems across an intensively-managed agricultural landscape. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 68: 252-262. Go to original source...
    2. Bradford M.M. (1976): A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254. Go to original source...
    3. Eyheraguibel B., Silvestre J., Morard P. (2008): Effects of humic substances derived from organic waste enhancement on the growth and mineral nutrition of maize. Bioresource Technology, 99: 4206-4212. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Finkenbein P., Kretschmer K., Kuka K., Klotz S., Heilmeier H. (2013): Soil enzyme activities as bioindicators for substrate quality in revegetation of a subtropical coal mining dump. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 56: 87-89. Go to original source...
    5. Fokom R., Adamou S., Teugwa M.C., Begoude Boyogueno A.D., Nana W.L., Ngonkeu M.E.L., Tchameni N.S., Nwaga D., Tsala Ndzomo G., Amvam Zollo P.H. (2012): Glomalin related soil protein, carbon, nitrogen and soil aggregate stability as affected by land use variation in the humid forest zone of south Cameroon. Soil and Tillage Research, 120: 69-75. Go to original source...
    6. Gijsman A.J., Thomas R.J. (1995): Aggregate size distribution and stability of an oxisol under legume-based and pure grass pastures in the eastern Colombian savannas. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 33: 153-165. Go to original source...
    7. Gillespie A.W., Farrell R.E., Walley F.L., Ross A.R.S., Leinweber P., Eckhardt K.U., Regier T.Z., Blyth R.I.R. (2011): Glomalinrelated soil protein contains non-mycorrhizal-related heatstable proteins, lipids and humic materials. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43: 766-777. Go to original source...
    8. Kemper W., Rosenau R. (1986): Aggregate stability and size distribution. In: Klute A. (ed.): Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods. Agronomy Monograph. Madison, American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 425-442. Go to original source...
    9. Koide R.T., Peoples M.S. (2013): Behavior of Bradford-reactive substances is consistent with predictions for glomalin. Applied Soil Ecology, 63: 8-14. Go to original source...
    10. Lovelock C.E., Wright S.F., Clark D.A., Ruess R.W. (2004): Soil stocks of glomalin produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi across a tropical rain forest landscape. Journal of Ecology, 92: 278-287. Go to original source...
    11. Peng S.L., Guo T., Liu G.C. (2013): The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal networks on soil aggregations of purple soil in southwest China. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 57: 411-417. Go to original source...
    12. Piccolo A., Pietramellara G., Mbagwu J.S.C. (1997): Use of humic substances as soil conditioners to increase aggregate stability. Geoderma, 75: 267-277. Go to original source...
    13. Purin S., Rillig M.C. (2007): The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal protein glomalin: Limitations, progress, and a new hypothesis for its function. Pedobiologia, 51: 123-130. Go to original source...
    14. Rillig M.C. (2004): Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin, and soil aggregation. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 84: 355-363. Go to original source...
    15. Rillig M.C., Mummey D.L. (2006): Mycorrhizas and soil structure. New Phytologist, 171: 41-53. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Rillig M.C., Wright S.F., Nichols K.A., Schmidt W.F., Torn M.S. (2001): Large contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to soil carbon pools in tropical forest soils. Plant and Soil, 233: 167-177. Go to original source...
    17. Schindler F.V., Mercer E.J., Rice J.A. (2007): Chemical characteristics of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) extracted from soils of varying organic matter content. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39: 320-329. Go to original source...
    18. Spohn M., Giani L. (2010): Water-stable aggregates, glomalinrelated soil protein, and carbohydrates in a chronosequence of sandy hydromorphic soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42: 1505-1511. Go to original source...
    19. Wright S.F., Anderson R.L. (2000): Aggregate stability and glomalin in alternative crop rotations for the central Great Plains. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 31: 249-253. Go to original source...
    20. Wright S.F., Upadhyaya A. (1998): A survey of soils for aggregate stability and glomalin, a glycoprotein produced by hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant and Soil, 198: 97-107. Go to original source...
    21. Wu Q.S., He X.H., Zou Y.N., He K.P., Sun Y.H., Cao M.Q. (2012): Spatial distribution of glomalin-related soil protein and its relationships with root mycorrhization, soil aggregates, carbohydrates, activity of protease and β-glucosidase in the rhizosphere of Citrus unshiu. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 45: 181-183. Go to original source...
    22. Wu Q.S., Cao M.Q., Zou Y.N., He X.H. (2014): Direct and indirect effects of glomalin, mycorrhizal hyphae, and roots on aggregate stability in rhizosphere of trifoliate orange. Scientific Reports, 4: 5823. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Wu Q.S., Li Y., Zou Y.N., He X.H. (2015): Arbuscular mycorrhiza mediates glomalin-related soil protein production and soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere of trifoliate orange grown under different P levels. Mycorrhiza, 25: 121-130. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    24. Yan C.S. (1988): Research Methodology for Soil Fertility. Beijing, Agricultural Press. (In Chinese)
    25. Zhao L.P., Jiang Y. (1986): Research of determination of soil phosphatase activity. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 17: 138-141. (In Chinese) Go to original source...
    26. Zou Y.N., Srivastava A.K., Wu Q.S., Huang Y.M. (2014): Glomalinrelated soil protein and water relations in mycorrhizal citrus (Citrus tangerina) during soil water deficit. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 60: 1103-1114. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content