Plant, Soil and Environment, 2010 (vol. 56), issue 7
The effect of different nitrogen nutrition on proline and asparagine content in plant
M. Neuberg, D. Pavlíková, M. Pavlík, J. Balík
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(7):305-311 | DOI: 10.17221/47/2010-PSE 
Mixture of plants (Festulolium: Trifolium pretense L.) was grown in the pot experiment with different forms of nitrogen nutrition. The fertilizers (ammonium sulphate or calcium nitrate or ammonium nitrate) were applied conventionally or according to the CULTAN method (Controlled Uptake Long Term Ammonium Nutrition). The absolute growth rate (AGR) and contents of free asparagine and proline in the aboveground biomass were determined. Additional nitrogen increased the dry weight of biomass and AGR of the plants treated with sidedress application in comparison with plants treated with the CULTAN method. The results suggest increased levels of...
Effect of salinity and radiation on proline accumulation in seeds of canola (Brassica napus L.)
M. Ashrafijou, S.A. Sadat Noori, A. Izadi Darbandi, S. Saghafi
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(7):312-317 | DOI: 10.17221/2/2010-PSE
Since laser beam may affect plant traits, it was used to enhance accumulation of proline in rapeseed and therefore to improve its tolerance to the salinity stress. This investigation was performed to study the effect of NaCl concentration in irrigated water (0, 100, 200 and 300 mmol NaCl) on proline accumulation of Canola (Brassica napus L.) after laser irradiation (Red, Infra-red and Nd:YAG) at two exposure treatments. In each exposure, seeds were irradiated for three minutes once or twice by the laser set. Free proline content in leaves increased significantly by increasing of NaCl concentration. Also proline content significantly increased...
Effect of salinity stress on mycorrhizal association and growth response of peanut infected by Glomus mosseae
A.S. Al-Khaliel
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(7):318-324 | DOI: 10.17221/204/2009-PSE
Arbuscular mycorrhiza is a mutualistic association between fungi and higher plants, and play a critical role in nutrient cycling and stress tolerance. However, much less is known about the mycorrhiza-mediated enhancement in growth and salinity tolerance of the peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) growing in the arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, mycorrhizal status of Glomus mosseae in diverse salinity levels on original substrate soil conditions was investigated. Different growth parameters, accumulation of proline content and salt stress tolerance were studied. These investigations indicated that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could...
NaCl salinity-induced changes in water status, ion contents and photosynthetic properties of Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt. seedlings
J. Qin, W.Y. Dong, K.N. He, Y. Yu, G.D. Tan, L. Han, M. Dong, Y.Y. Zhang, D. Zhang, A.Z. Li, Z.L. Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(7):325-332 | DOI: 10.17221/209/2009-PSE
Two-year old seedlings of Silver buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.) were exposed to NaCl salinity (0, 200, 400 and 600 mmol/l) for 30 days. Leaf water potential (Ψw), chlorophyll contents (Chl a, b, and a + b) and K+ content decreased with an increase in salinity. Relative water content (RWC) declined significantly with400 and 600 mmol/l NaCl. However, salinity induced an excessive accumulation of Na+ in the leaves of plants. Light responses of photosynthesis showed that net photosynthetic rate (PN) values were continuously raised with the increase of photosynthetic photon flux...
Soil water potential effects on the cellulase activities of soil treated with sewage sludge
A.A.S. Sinegani, A. Mahohi
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(7):333-339 | DOI: 10.17221/256/2009-PSE
To better understand how water stress and availability affect the enzyme activity and microbial communities in soil, we measured the changes of organic carbon (OC), bacteria and fungi populations, and endoglucanase and exoglucanase activities in a semiarid soil treated with air-dried primary sewage sludge at a rate of 20 g/kg. The water potentials established for soil incubation were: saturation (SA, 0 bar), field capacity (FC, -0.3 bar), and permanent wilting point (PWP, -15 bar). An irrigation treatment was a drying-rewetting cycle (DWC) between -0.3 to -15 bars. After 0, 20, 60 and 90 days of incubation soils were sampled for analysis. The addition...
Physiological regulation of high transpiration efficiency in winter wheat under drought conditions
S. Changhai, D. Baodi, Q. Yunzhou, L. Yuxin, S. Lei, L. Mengyu, L. Haipei
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(7):340-347 | DOI: 10.17221/220/2009-PSE
Pot experiments were conducted to study the variation and physiological regulation of transpiration efficiency (TE) of four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties that are widely grown in different ecological regions in North China. Plants were grown under two soil moisture regimes, normal and drought stress. The results showed that under drought stress condition, both TE at plant level and TE at leaf level (TEl) increased significantly. The transpiration rate (Tr) was reduced more strongly than leaf net CO2 assimilation rate (Pn). The decline of Tr was mainly affected by stomatal conductance and the decline of Pn was affected...
Farmland management effects on the quality of surface soil during oasification in the southern rim of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, China
D.W. Gui, J.Q. Lei, F.J. Zeng
Plant Soil Environ., 2010, 56(7):348-356 | DOI: 10.17221/54/2009-PSE
Oasification and desertification are basic geographical processes in arid areas, and both change the soil properties and quality. Recently, oasification has been obvious in the southern rim of the Tarim Basin of Xinjiang, China, and agriculture is the main land-use type. There has been little research on oasification involving farmland of different management types in extremely arid regions. In 2004, four experimental fields were established in the Cele Oasis, representing four typical land-use types of local farmers' tillage practices during oasification. Three experimental fields were situated in the desert-oasis ecotone: newly cultivated land (NEF),...