Plant, Soil and Environment, 2015 (vol. 61), issue 7
Nutritional status of winter oilseed rape in cardinal stages of growth as the yield indicatorOriginal Paper
W. Szczepaniak, W. Grzebisz, J. Potarzycki, R. Łukowiak, K. Przygocka-Cyna
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):291-296 | DOI: 10.17221/150/2015-PSE 
Nutritional status of the seed crop during its vegetative growth is a tool for a reliable yield prognosis. This approach has been validated for oilseed rape in three 2007/2008, 2008/2009, and 2009/2010 seasons. The field experimental design was: untreated control, NP, NPK, NPKMgS1 (1/3 total MgS rate, spring applied), NPKMgS2 (total rate, autumn), NPKMgS3 (2/3 - autumn, 1/3 - spring). The concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Cu were measured in two stages: rosette (whole plant) and flowering (leaves). The yield prognosis was based on path analysis and stepwise regression. The elevated concentration of P, Ca, and Zn in plants at the rosette...
Study on chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from representative species belonging to the Lamiaceae familyOriginal Paper
C. Rus, R.M. Sumalan, E. Alexa, D.M. Copolovici, G. Pop, D. Botau
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):297-302 | DOI: 10.17221/177/2015-PSE
The main objective of the present study is establishing the chemical composition and minimum concentration of essential oil (EO) extracted from Thymus vulgaris L., T. serpyllum L., and Satureja montana L., which induce the mycelial growth inhibition of Verticillium dahliae and Penicillium aurantiogriseum fungi. In vitro testing on CYGA (chloramphenicol-yeast-glucose-agar) medium, with additional oil at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 and 15 mg/L concentrations and inoculated with harvested plugs from a young mycelium, pointed out a different reaction of the fungus depending on the oil types and concetrations...
Biochar immobilizes cadmium and zinc and improves phytoextraction potential of willow plants on extremely contaminated soilOriginal Paper
K. Břendová, P. Tlustoš, J. Száková
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):303-308 | DOI: 10.17221/181/2015-PSE
The availability of risk elements in soil can be possibly reduced by various soil additives. Among them, the attention has been recently focused on the research of unconventional soil additive - biochar. The aim of this study was (i) to observe the effect of biochar application on risk elements transport through the soil profile and (ii) to assess the availability of risk elements in biochar amended soil to willow growth. The experiment was established at greenhouse conditions and extremely contaminated soil, reaching 43 mg/kg cadmium (Cd) and 4340 mg/kg zinc (Zn), was used. To observe risk element content in leachate, the lysimeter cylinders were...
Urban dust load impact on gas-exchange parameters and growth of Sophora japonica L. seedlingsOriginal Paper
L. Bao, K. Ma, S. Zhang, L. Lin, L. Qu
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):309-315 | DOI: 10.17221/215/2015-PSE
Green space interacts with particulate matters (PM) from urban atmosphere and road dust is a main source of urban PM pollution. We designed a dusting experiment of 21 days to examine the variations of pigments, gas exchange, height increments, and biomass of Sophora japonica seedlings (the most popular tree in Beijing) under 0, 1.45, 3.78, 9.02 and 16.64 g/m2 urban road dust loads. Along with the rising dust loads, total chlorophyll and net photosynthetic rate had logarithmic droppings, from 1.37 ± 0.10 to 0.42 ± 0.03 mg/g and from 9.87 ± 0.18 to 5.69 ±0.69 µmol/m2/s, respectively. The...
Effects of high soil lead concentration on photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in Brassica chinensis L.Original Paper
W.G. Fu, F.K. Wang
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):316-321 | DOI: 10.17221/306/2015-PSE
This study determined the effects of high soil lead concentration on photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in Brassica chinensis L. Results showed the net photosynthetic rate, the maximum PSII quantum yield, photochemical quenching, and quantum yield of PSII photochemistry continuously increased until lead concentration reached 600 mg/kg. These parameters slightly decreased when lead concentration reached 900 mg/kg and significantly decreased when reached or exceeded 1200 mg/kg. As lead concentration increased, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased; minimum fluorescence increased to different degrees; intercellular...
Reply of mulch systems on weeds and yield components in potatoesOriginal Paper
P. Dvořák, J. Tomášek, K. Hamouz, P. Kuchtová
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):322-327 | DOI: 10.17221/242/2015-PSE
Surface mulch is an important factor of soil protection technology in the cultivation of potatoes. Presented herein are the results of three years (2009-2011) of field trials at two sites (Leškovice and Uhříněves), where two cultivars (Finka and Katka) were grown. Three mulching treatments (grass mulch after planting, grass mulch before germination and black polypropylene mulch textile) were used in the study. The weight of marketable tubers (tuber over 40 mm) and tuber size distribution were influenced significantly by mulching. The application of grass mulch on surface of the row ensured a 20.5-24.8% increase of weight of marketable tubers and higher...
The effect of herbicides on the content of glycoalkaloids in the leaves and tubers of potatoOriginal Paper
K. Zarzecka, M. Gugała, A. Sikorska
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):328-331 | DOI: 10.17221/314/2015-PSE
The aim of the studies was to determine the effect of the used herbicides and their mixtures on the level of glycoalkaloids (TGA) in the leaves and tubers of three edible potato cultivars. The studied factors were: I - three cultivars: Cekin, Satina and Tajfun. II - five ways of care: 1. mechanical care - the control object and four objects using herbicides Command 480 EC, Afalon Dispersion 450 SC and Stomp 400 SC. The content of glycoalkaloids both in the leaves and in the tubers of the edible potato significantly depended on the genotype. The highest content of TGA characterised the cv. Cekin - 623.5 mg/kg and 67.21 mg/kg of fresh weight (FW), respectively,...
Physiological response of juvenile hop plants to water deficitOriginal Paper
V. Hejnák, H. Hniličková, F. Hnilička
Plant Soil Environ., 2015, 61(7):332-338 | DOI: 10.17221/279/2015-PSE
This paper evaluates the response on the rate of photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs) and water use efficiency (WUE) in 15 genotypes of young hop plants (19 BBCH) grown in greenhouses in the conditions of water deficit for the period of 9 days. On the 9th day, the relative content of water in the experimental plants fluctuated between 70.14-75.20%. The levels of Pn and gs evidently dropped in the monitored species as a result of the water deficit. The decrease of Pn in the experimental plants compared with the control group was largest in the Saaz Os. cl....