Plant, Soil and Environment, 2003 (vol. 49), issue 6
Adaptation of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei to barley resistance genes in the Czech Republic in 1971-2000
A. Dreiseitl
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(6):241-248 | DOI: 10.17221/4120-PSE 
Results of scoring the resistance of 35 selected spring barley varieties to powdery mildew, exhibiting high powdery mildew severity, in 307 variety trials of the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture were analysed. The varieties can be divided into two groups: the varieties that could not induce any changes in the pathogen population (the varieties with no effective resistance gene and varieties carrying gene mlo) and the varieties possessing major resistance genes [a total of 12 Ml-genes: a1, a3, a6, a7, a9, a12, a13, at, k1, La,...
The effect of sugar beet seed treatments on their vigour
A. Orzeszko-Rywka, S. Podlaski
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(6):249-254 | DOI: 10.17221/4121-PSE
Sugar beet seeds of three varieties (Jastra, Jamira, PNMono1) were rubbed, primed, washed and primed after rubbing. All used methods of seed treatment changed pericarp characteristics such as water potential, density, moisture and content of chemicals resulting in electrical conductivity of water extract from the seeds. Seed treatments also improved the ability and rate of germination. Their efficiency was more significant in an excess and shortage of water in germination medium than in optimum water conditions. The lower the initial seed vigour, the larger the vigour improvement. Seed priming had the best effect on the course of germination. Primed...
Application of sonication-assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Chenopodium rubrum L
J.I. Flores Solís, P. Mlejnek, K. Studená, S. Procházka
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(6):255-260 | DOI: 10.17221/4122-PSE
Chenopodium rubrum belongs to the plant species in which standard Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedures remain inefficient. We demonstrate that the employment of sonication-assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (SAAT) effectively enhanced transient expression of GUS gene coding for b-glucuronidase in Chenopodium rubrum. Further the results indicated that the age of seedlings is one of the limiting factors affecting the potency of Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection. Histochemical detection of b-glucuronidase activity revealed that two-days-old seedlings were much more susceptible to infection...
Comparison of quality parameters of Czech and foreign hop varieties
K. Krofta
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(6):261-268 | DOI: 10.17221/4123-PSE
Market varieties of hops are classified to several groups according to their use in the brewing industry - aroma, bitter (dual-purpose), high-alpha ones. Saaz and other genetically related varieties form a separate group among the aromatic hops. The group called fine aroma hops has a low content of a-bitter acids (3-4% w/w), its content of b-bitter acids is in the range of 4-7% w/w and cohumulone ratio in the interval of 23-26% rel. The composition of hop oils is characterised by the content of b-farnesene in the range of 15-20% rel. and trans-a-bergamotene at the amount of ca. 1% rel. Most market varieties of hops are of hybrid origin. It...
Transfer of the hop (Humulus lupulus L.) alpha-bitter acid content to progenies of F1 and I1 generations in selected parental components
V. Nesvadba, J. Černý, K. Krofta
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(6):269-276 | DOI: 10.17221/4124-PSE
In the period 1999-2001 the transfer of a-acid content from selected parents to their progenies was evaluated. Four female plants (English varieties Target and Yeoman, German variety Magnum and Czech variety Premiant) and four male plants from the gene resources of male hops (82/6, 86/4, 87/3, clone 72) were chosen as the initial material. Progenies of F1 generation of Magnum and Yeoman show significantly higher a-acid content compared to the progenies of other female hops. Progenies of F1 generation of male plants 86/4 and 87/3 show significantly higher a-acid content compared to the progenies of other male plants. Progenies of I1 generation of Magnum...
Determination of essential oil content in caraway (Carum carvi L.) species by means of supercritical fluid extraction
J. Sedláková, B. Kocourková, L. Lojková, V. Kubáň
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(6):277-282 | DOI: 10.17221/4125-PSE
Dependently on planting conditions caraway fruits contain 1-9% of essential oils consisting of about 30 compounds. Carvone and limonene account for the main portion, about 95%. To evaluate the quality of various registered caraway (Carum carvi L.) cultivars (Kepron, Prochan and Rekord) planted during 1998-2000, regarding the effect of sample grinding and preparation, plant treatment and time of harvest, the amounts of essential oil and the carvone/limonene ratio were determined. Both whole and ground caraway seeds were extracted. As obvious from the results, SFE is not suitable for the determination of essential oils in whole seeds since the...
Yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolia (Poepp. et Endl.) H. Robinson] chemical composition and use - a review
J. Lachman, E.C. Fernández, M. Orsák
Plant Soil Environ., 2003, 49(6):283-290 | DOI: 10.17221/4126-PSE
Yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolia (Poepp. et Endl.) H. Robinson], a native plant of the Andes, belongs to the family Compositae (Asteraceae) and it represents a traditional crop of the original population of Peru used in traditional medicine. A major portion of tuberous root biomass is composed of water (> 70% of fresh weight). Saccharides, especially oligo-fructans, form 70-80% of dry weight, protein content ranges between 0.3% and 3.7%. Fructooligosaccharides of inulin type b (2®1), mainly oligomers (GF2-GF16), are known for their ability to keep the colon healthy. Yacon sweetness is predominantly caused by fructose,...